英语专八写作思路考前篇解析课件.ppt

1、英语专八写作思路-考前篇一般先确定大的类型（题目是正反两种观点对比类还是给定观点类）再确定题目所属的领域，比如，文化、教育、通讯等）第1页，共46页。卷别卷别序号序号题号题号各部分名称各部分名称题型题型题数题数计分计分考试时间考试时间(min)试卷四Part VIWriting主观题12045总计100195题目总览第2页，共46页。Writing：历年真题历年真题n2001 The Impact of the Internet on n2002 The Most Important Personal Quality of a University Studentn2003 Love,and

2、Then Be Lovedn2004 Should University Students Go in for Businessn2005 Interview m An Effective Way to Recruit Employeesn2006 Ambitionn2007 Financial Disparity Affects Friendship?n2008 What I Have Learned from My Years at University?n2009 Are Dialects just as Acceptable in Public Places?n2010 Views O

3、n the Design of a Mountainous Arean2011 Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons?n2012 My view on the Greatest Merits and Demerits of Cell Phonesn2013 Is a Sound Social Environment Necessary for People to be Good to others?n2014 My Views on Wor

4、king from Home第3页，共46页。语言n1、词汇 准确性（注意用词的准确)extensive knowledge fierce competitionacquire knowledge 获得知识impart knowledge 传授知识 Keep fit physically and mentally 第4页，共46页。语言n1、词汇 注意用词的多样性，避免使用一些非常常见、普通的词汇）n 多样性 TEM-2009 Are Dialects just as Acceptable in Public Places?很多人认为本土文化很重要。Many people think that

5、 local culture is very important.*“许多，很多”many:a host of/an overwhelming number of/a great many/a good many 越来越多的人认为课外活动很重要。More and more people think that extracurricular activities is very important.“越来越多的人”more and more people:people in growing/increasing numbers *“越来越”More and more:increasing/inc

6、reasingly（此处主要是指越来越做状语时的替换）Competition is becoming increasingly fierce.*“认为”think:maintain/claim/believe/argue/hold/insist/assume take/hold the view/opinion n（这里讲究词汇的多样性是为了避免在表达类似意思时，重复使用同一个词）第5页，共46页。语言n1、词汇n 多样性 *“重要”important:significant/vital/essential/crucial be of great importance play an impo

7、rtant/essential role in在表达重要时，还可以说is a priority或give priority to*“非常”very:extraordinarily/extremely/awfullyA host of people hold that local culture is of extraordinary significance/play an important role in a countrys culture.People in increasing numbers hold that local culture is of extraordinary s

8、ignificance/plays an important role in a countrys culture.*“不同”different:distinct/dissimilar/(前两个可作表语）various/a diversity of（后两个可作定语）*“得到”get:obtain/gain/acquire/attain/have access to第6页，共46页。语言n1、词汇-多样性nTEM-2012 My view on the Greatest Merits and Demerits of Cell Phones“手机的一个主要功能是可以帮助使用者找到有用的信息”One

9、 of the main functions of cell phones is to help subscribers to find useful information.*“帮助”help:assist sb in doing sth./aid sb.in sth/aid in doing sth*“有用的”useful:conducive/beneficial/instrumental*“使用”use:make use of/employ One of the main functions of cell phones is to assist consumers in finding

10、 beneficial information.*“漂亮”beautiful:pretty/cute/attractive/charming/elegant*“经常”often:frequently/constantly 第7页，共46页。语言n2.语法-句式多样性n 倒装句 （老师建议在一篇文章中倒装、强调、虚拟、插入语都使用一个）（倒装一般用在第一段和最后一段，虚拟一般用在最后一段）neg.I never remain suspicious of the fact that nNever do I remain suspicious of the fact that（这句一般用在表明观点或

11、重申观点时）nOnly+状语置于句首nOnly in this way can we do（这个句型一般在最后一段讲措施时用）neg.We can settle the problem of urban air contamination only in this way.nOnly in this way can we settle the problem of urban air contamination.第8页，共46页。语言n2.语法-句式多样性n（2）虚拟语气（可以把虚拟和强调结合起来，比如：是该做的时候了，只有这样才能)“是该做的时候啦”It is high time that

12、sb.did sth(过去式).eg.It is high time we did something to curb抑制 the spread of It is high time that we took the environmental protection into consideration/account.It is high time that sb.Raised/enhanced their consciousness of protecting their children against the harm of the Internet.第9页，共46页。语言n2.语法-

13、句式多样性n(英语中喜用名词，比如：某人在某方面很好/很擅长就可以表述成-sb.has a good command of 又如，很出名，我们不说is famous，而说enjoy great popularity）（3）强调句*It is that*sb./sth.do/did/does+动词原形+谓语动词(原形)eg.The problem becomes serious.The problem does become serious.The problem does find its seriousness.eg.West festivals become popular.West fe

14、stivals do become popular.West festivals do find their popularity.第10页，共46页。语言n2.语法-句式多样性 插入语in conclusion/summary/brief （这几个插入语一般用在文中最后一段的第一句话）*undoubtedlyeg.Internet is becoming more and more important.Internet,undoubtedly,is becoming increasingly important.*in conclusion/summary/briefeg.In conclu

15、sion,Public transportation should be given a strategic position in the citys sustainable development.Public transportation,in conclusion,should be given a strategic position in the citys sustainable development.第11页，共46页。结构n文章结构文章结构n段落结构段落结构第12页，共46页。结构n文章结构文章结构（文章千万不要写成是三段式）（文章千万不要写成是三段式）第一段：给出观点中间

16、段：论证观点 （原因论证、举例论证、细节论证）最后一段：总结观点第13页，共46页。结构n段落结构段落结构第一段：给出观点第一段：给出观点第一句：Background information：背景介绍 第二句：General talk of the topic：引出主题第三句：Thesis：我的观点第14页，共46页。结构n段落结构段落结构n中间段：论证观点中间段：论证观点 第一部分：引言第一部分：引言 There are numerous reasons that may account for my point and the following are the most conspicu

17、ous显眼的，引人注目的显眼的，引人注目的 aspects.（这一句话在我们的写作过程中是可以原方不动地抄下来的）（这一句话在我们的写作过程中是可以原方不动地抄下来的）第二部分：论证第二部分：论证 分论点一分论点一+论据论据 分论点二分论点二+论据论据 第三部分：小结第三部分：小结 可有可无可有可无第15页，共46页。结构n段落结构段落结构n最后一段：总结观点 第一句：重申论点（Restate of the thesis）（应注意。在重申前面提到的观点时，要注意措辞不要和前文一样，应避免重复。）第二句：建议措施/展望未来（suggestions/future）第16页，共46页。第一段：给出观

18、点文章类型第第1类：正反对比利弊类类：正反对比利弊类2004 Should University Students Go in for Business2007 Financial Disparity Affects Friendship?2009 Are Dialects just as Acceptable in Public Places?2010 Views On the Design of a Mountainous Area2011 Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees durin

19、g peak travel seasons?2012 My view on the Greatest Merits and Demerits of Cell Phones2013 Is a Sound Social Environment Necessary for People to be Good to others?2014 My Views on Working from Home第17页，共46页。第一段：给出观点文章类型文章类型第第2类：给定观点类类：给定观点类2001 The Impact of the Internet on 2002 The Most Important Pe

20、rsonal Quality of a University Student2003 Love,and Then Be Loved2005 Interview-An Effective Way to Recruit Employees2006 Ambition2008 What I Have Learned from My Years at University?第18页，共46页。第一段：给出观点正反对比利弊类正反对比利弊类第一句：第一句：Background information 背景介绍背景介绍某个领域某个领域/整个社会整个社会在某个时间发生了巨大的变化，但与此同时，关于在某个时间发生

21、了巨大的变化，但与此同时，关于主题主题却却引起了一场热烈的讨论。引起了一场热烈的讨论。The society has changes.（不好）（不好）The society has had amazing changes during the last years.（较好）（较好）The last years have witnessed amazing/remarkable/incredible changes in the society,while in the meantime,a debate/a discussion/an argument/a contentious issue

22、was triggered/stimulated/inspired as to （相比之下最好）（相比之下最好）（当然，划线部分可以根据具体的情况用不同的词语，如，在科学领域（当然，划线部分可以根据具体的情况用不同的词语，如，在科学领域-in the scientific field 在文化在文化/道德道德/经济领域经济领域-in the cultural/moral/economic field汽车产业汽车产业/旅游产业旅游产业-in the auto industry/tourism industry)第19页，共46页。第一段：给出观点2013 Is a Sound Social Env

23、ironment Necessary for People to be Good to others?Moral-moralityThe last years have witnessed amazing/remarkable/incredible changes in the society,while in the meantime,a debate/a discussion/an argument/a contentious issue was triggered/stimulated/inspired as to The last years have witnessed amazin

24、g/remarkable/incredible changes/improvements/developments in the society/moral fields,while in the meantime,a debate/a discussion/an argument/a contentious issue was triggered/stimulated/inspired as to whether a sound social environment is necessary for people to be good to others.(whether 后应用陈述语序）后

25、应用陈述语序）第20页，共46页。第一段：给出观点n第二句：引出主题第二句：引出主题n一些人认为对我们有好处，而另一些人持相反观点。nSome indicate can benefit us,while others take the opposite stand.n认为：maintain/claim/believe/argue/hold/insist/assumen take/hold the view/opinionn一些人认为A是最好的选择，然而其他人持相反的观点。nSome take team spirit/competition as the premier choice,while

26、 others hold the opposite opinion.n第三句：第三句：Thesis 我的观点我的观点nI,personally,maintain/claim/believe/argue/hold/insist/assume thatn take/hold the view/opinionnI never remain suspicious of the view that nNever do I remain suspicious of the view thatn同义替换necessary,a must,indispensable （在表达是必要的时，不要通篇都使用“nece

27、ssary,也可以用a must/indispensible 代替）第21页，共46页。第一段：给出观点文章类型文章类型第第2类：给定观点类类：给定观点类2001 The Impact of the Internet on 2002 The Most Important Personal Quality of a University Student2003 Love,and Then Be Loved2005 Interview-An Effective Way to Recruit Employees2006 Ambition2008 What I Have Learned from My

28、 Years at University?第22页，共46页。第一段：给出观点第第2类：给定观点类类：给定观点类第一句：背景介绍主题 近年在学生/人们中间非常普及流行。has found its/their popularity among students/people during the last years/decades.主题 近期在校园/社会中非常引人关注。Nothing on campus/in the society has been more striking than the topic of 主题(比较级的否定表最高级)第二句：当下状况第三句：我的观点主题毫无疑问已经成为

29、我们的生活/成功的必不可少部分/因素。主题should undoubtedly be an indispensable part/factor of our life/success.*“重要”important:significant/vital/essential/crucial第23页，共46页。第一段：给出观点第第2类：给定观点类类：给定观点类The Importance of Team Spirit We are living in a globalized world and the cross-cultural communications are increasing nowa

30、days.(划线部分在写不同种类的文章是都是可以被广泛引用的）划线部分在写不同种类的文章是都是可以被广泛引用的）In other words,we have never been so closely connected with each other in the human histories.As a philosopher has pointed out,nobody is an isolated island.If we want to have a bright future,we need more cooperation for the development.Therefor

31、e,team spirit is very important.（最后一句的very important 同样可以被替换成be of great importance 或play important role in)第24页，共46页。第二段：论证观点原因论证举例论证细节论证在进行论证时，每一类原因都要有一个很上位（也就是很抽象、概括性）的主题句，在主题句后，再展开详尽、具体的阐述）第25页，共46页。第二段：论证观点原因论证nWhy does this phenomenon/problem appear?There are several possible reasons for this.

32、nA number of factors account for the changes in the past,but the following are the most critical ones.nSome driving factors that contribute to the above-mentioned changes may be summarized as follows.nIt is an easy task to identify the reasons for the changes/this problem/phenomenon.（我们可以记住这三句话中的某一句

33、，在考试时作直接引用，放在第二段的开头）第26页，共46页。形式主语句（万能拓展）nIt is common knowledge that nIt is as clear as writing on the wall that显而易见nIt is beyond the shadow of doubt that毫无疑问nIt is a fact thatneg.Internet,undoubtedly,is becoming increasingly important.Along with the development of the society,it is a fact that Int

34、ernet,undoubtedly,is becoming more and more important.第27页，共46页。万能理由n事件产生的原因事件产生的原因n(1)危害类事情产生的原因 经济:供supply 求demand 供大于求Sth.is in a short of demand.供小于求Sth.is in a short of supply.科技double-edged sword 双刃剑 science and technology is a double-edged sword.（在a double-edged 后面，我们可以用in other words，it mean

35、s来对双刃剑作一个解释、说明，这样就又增加了字数）健康 疾病：disease rampant It is a miniature of the disharmonious relation between the society and human being in the specific aspect of是人与社会不和谐关系在某领域里面的一个小的缩影。It is not without its problem under the constant adjustment of 是某领域不断调整的过程中必然会出现的问题。n(2)流行类事件产生的原因n生活节奏加快：quickening rhy

36、thm rm of modern life全球化的趋势the trend of globalizationn把归因于可以说成是 ascribe/attribute to 第28页，共46页。万能理由n好处/坏处(1)好处增长知识：enrich ones knowledge开阔视野：enlarge/broaden ones horizon我们不仅能够收到教育，而且能够得到快乐。Sth.educate(s)as well as entertain(s)us(2)坏处（几乎没有）“过犹不及/欲速则不达”“Haste makes waste”eg.“Haste makes waste”.Often d

37、o we hear such proverb.That is to say spending too much time online to make friends will be harmful to us.第29页，共46页。万能理由n方便(convenient convenience)nIt is convenient.nIt is of convenience.nIt has found its convenience during the last years.nIt has found its seriousness during the last years.nIt has f

38、ound its importance during the last years.n句型：sth.has found its during the last years.n有效性(effective)n环境好(environment-friendly)n健康(health)n沟通(communication)n安全(secure security)n知识(knowledge)8.省时（time-saving/less time-consuming)第30页，共46页。第二段：论证观点 举例论证-引言n1.我认为我们人类历史上充满着许多与之相关的例子，下面这个最具说服力。Never do I

39、remain suspicious of the view that our human history/society has been fraught with 充满 an overwhelming majority of corresponding examples,with the following being the foremost.n2.在我所经历的所有事情当中，下面这个印象最深。Among all the touching facts that I have ever experienced,the most impressive one is as follows.第31页

40、，共46页。第二段：论证观点 举例论证-引言n3.除了下面的例子，我想不到更好的了。nI can think of no better example other than the following one.neg.2011 Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons?nI can think of no better example other than the following one.During Golden Week,a host

41、of tourists/visitors are climbing up Yellow Mountain,wandering around Tiananmen Square and taking their picture in front of the Great Wall.黄金周的时候，众多游客蜂拥而至去爬黄山、在天安门广场徘徊，活在长城脚下拍照。所有这些游客都对环境造成了很大的压力；nAll these people put a large strain on造成了很大压力 the environment;they require more resources to be directe

42、d to the area,produce mountains of garbage,trample on 践踏precious plants and scare away animals.他们造成了要有更多财力被用在这些景点，他们造成了堆积如山的垃圾，在珍贵的植被上践踏，把小动物吓跑。第32页，共46页。第二段：论证观点 细节论证n1.数据统计法 （数据统计法尽量用上去，具体的数字胡编都行）“根据统计，希望工程收到捐款上亿，它能够让更多的学生上学”According to a statistics,the money collected from Hope Project has reach

43、ed as much as one hundred million,which can help many students finish their education.模板句型：“According to a statistics,the money/number of 主题 has reached as much as数字+非限定性定从。”eg.2011 Should famous Chinese sites of historical interest charge higher fees during peak travel seasons?According to a statis

44、tics,the number of visitors has reached as much as ten million during peak travel seasons,which brings huge profits to the GDP/puts a large strain on the environment.第33页，共46页。第二段：论证观点 细节论证n2.名言谚语n引言：nAs the saying goes/Just as the proverb says,nAs a remote oriental philosopher has said,n常用谚语nEvery

45、coin has two sides.nEvery sword has two edges.nHealth is better than wealth.nMan proposes,God disposes.第34页，共46页。最后一段：总结观点n一、重申论点（一、重申论点（Restate of the thesis）注意同意替换Never do I remain suspicious of that(第一段)All in all,I believe/argue/hold the view that(第三段）n二、建议措施二、建议措施/展望未来（展望未来（suggestions/future）1

46、.展望未来（future and suggestions）2.建议措施(suggestions/solutions)第35页，共46页。最后一段：总结观点n二、建议措施二、建议措施/展望未来（展望未来（suggestions/future）1.展望未来（展望未来（future and suggestions）Never do I remain suspicious of the view that has played a vital role in our daily life,and it is hard for us to determine whether it is blessing

47、 or curse.It,undoubtedly,has changed our ways of entertainment,leisure and lives.(这段话也可以直接背下来作为结尾时的直接引用材料)第36页，共46页。第三段：总结观点n二、建议措施二、建议措施/展望未来（展望未来（suggestions/future）2.建议措施建议措施(suggestions/solutions)It is high time that we urged an end to this problem.As for the government,it should set down corres

48、ponding laws and regulations.The awareness of the public is supposed to be the second step toward the solution.模板句型：It is high time that we urged an end to this problem.As for the government,it should set down corresponding laws and regulations.The awareness of the public is supposed to be the secon

49、d step toward the solution.第37页，共46页。第三段：总结观点nThere is a need for all countries,regardless of their economic status,to cooperate internationally to solve this tricky problem;set international standards for environmental protection.(internationally)nInitiate rules and regulations.Develop renewable pr

50、oducts;develop energy-saving technology.(nationally)nForm/develop a good habit;learn self-control;enhance the awareness that environment is important for all human beings.(individually)n在表达该做时，可以说：there is a need for sb.To do sth.或 it is high time that+虚拟语气第38页，共46页。Should We Celebrate Western Festi