试管婴儿与生殖工程课件.ppt
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1、试管婴儿与生殖工程试管婴儿与生殖工程上海医学院 细胞与遗传医学系左 伋第1页,共40页。INFERTILITYw Infertility is defined as no ongoing pregnancy after 9-12 months of sexual activity without contraception.There is no distinction between not using contraception and trying to conceive.第2页,共40页。STATISTICSwIn 1995,15%of women of childbearing ag
2、e had ever sought infertility advice,that includes medical advice,tests,drugs surgery or assisted reproductive technologies(ART).第3页,共40页。Infertility among Married Women,by Education Levelw 8.5%of women without high school or equivalentw 8.1%of women with just high school or the equivalentw 6.6%of t
3、hose who have some college,but no bachelorsw 5.6%of women with bachelors or higher第4页,共40页。Infertile Couplesw 7.1%or about 2.1 million of married couples were infertile in 1995.w 2.3 million were infertile in 1988,and 2.4 in 1982.第5页,共40页。w 6.1 million or 10%of married couples in 1995 had impaired f
4、ecundity(either infertile or had problems conceiving or carrying a child to term.)第6页,共40页。Infertility by Racew 7%of Hispanic women are infertilew 6.4%of white women are infertilew 10.5%of black women are infertilew 13.6%of other groups are infertile第7页,共40页。The causes of infertilityw Male Factor:Sp
5、erm production and sperm quality.w Ovulation:Egg production,egg quality and preparation of the uterine lining for implantation.w Passage:The joining of sperm and egg in the Fallopian tubes and transport of the fertilized egg into the uterus.第8页,共40页。w Factors causing infertilityTubal factor:31%Endom
6、etriosis:14%Uterine Factor:1%Male Factor:18%Other factors:18%Unexplained:15%第9页,共40页。The National Institutes of Health found that from 1938 to 1996,sperm counts in the United States have fallen annually about 1.5%.European countries have fallen at twice that rate.第10页,共40页。Female Age and Fertility T
7、he loss of female fertility is due to the loss of high quality eggs.The receptiveness of the uterus is not decreased.This loss of fertility magnifies the impact of any other fertility factors present.第11页,共40页。w In 1995,there were 59,142 cycles of ART.11,315 women had a live birth delivery through A
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