观点论证型作文解析课件.ppt

1、观点论证型作文观点论证型作文何何 享享Foreign Language School第1页，共79页。什么是观点论证型作文？什么是观点论证型作文？观点论证型作文一般要求考生根据题目所给观点论证型作文一般要求考生根据题目所给论点，按照提纲要求，通过摆事实、讲道理论点，按照提纲要求，通过摆事实、讲道理的方式对论点进行论证。的方式对论点进行论证。第2页，共79页。基本模式基本模式第一段：现象背景介绍第一段：现象背景介绍+引出话题（公众观点引出话题（公众观点+大概理由）；大概理由）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等

2、）；第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。第3页，共79页。高分原则高分原则l文章中必须有文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词五个左右的衔接词体现逻辑性。体现逻辑性。l用词尽量用词尽量避免重复避免重复，体现语言的灵活和升级。，体现语言的灵活和升级。l尽量使用非陈述句式，如尽量使用非陈述句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等入语等。第4页，共79页。例如：例如：It pays to be honestl当前社会存在许多不诚实的现象当前社会存在许多不诚实的现象l诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实第5页，共79页。写作思路（三段式）：写作思

3、路（三段式）：1.提出观点段提出观点段引言句（背景）引言句（背景）+主题句主题句（论点）（论点）+扩展句（正确性表现）扩展句（正确性表现）+结尾句结尾句2.论证观点段论证观点段主题句主题句+扩展句一（论据一）扩展句一（论据一）+扩展句二（论据二）扩展句二（论据二）+扩展句三（论据三）扩展句三（论据三）3.总结观点段总结观点段主题句主题句+扩展句（正确态度或做法）扩展句（正确态度或做法）+结尾句结尾句第6页，共79页。结构模板：结构模板：论点背景论点背景.It is true that 论点论点.No one can deny that 正确性表现正确性表现.Therefore,重申论点重申论点

4、.Many remarkable reasons contribute to this argument.First of all,论据一论据一.For example,支持论据一的事例支持论据一的事例.Besides,论据二论据二.In addition，论据三论据三.All mentioned above tell us that 重申观点重申观点.Therefore,there is no denying that 正确态度或做法正确态度或做法.In a word,观点总结观点总结.第7页，共79页。范文：范文：It pays to be honest Nowadays there st

5、ill exist many dishonesties,such as cheating,over-charging,fake commodities,etc.,which ruin our moral life.It is true that being honest is not only beneficial to others but also to ourselves.No one can deny that honesty is a traditional virtue of Chinese people.Therefore,we should value honesty high

6、ly.第8页，共79页。It pays to be honest Many remarkable reasons contribute to this argument.First of all,honesty can build up a more stable society.For example,Singapore,which is a society of trustworthiness and integrity,has a comparatively low criminal rate.Whats more,honesty can make our life easier and

7、 more harmonious.Besides,only honest people can be truly respected by others and can have more friends.第9页，共79页。It pays to be honest All mentioned above tells us that being honest is of benefit to both state and the individual.Therefore,there is no denying that we should foster the spirit of honesty

8、 and let dishonesty have no place to stay in our society.In a word,laying stress on honesty will become one of the public morals in our society.第10页，共79页。College Students Using Credit Cardsl越来越多年轻人开始使用信用卡越来越多年轻人开始使用信用卡1.你的看法你的看法第11页，共79页。Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to.Some peopl

9、e argue thatwhile others firmly hold that In my opinion,I think this question should be probed in depth.On one hand,the first group is not totally correct because On the other hand,the second group In a word,we can see clearly that the key lies in Otherwise 第12页，共79页。Nowadays more and more people pa

10、y more attention to college students using credit cards_.Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending money第13页，共79页。In

11、my opinion,I think this question should be probed in depth.On one hand,the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards.On the other hand,the second group seems not quite right because there

12、are really some college students who have no self-control when it comes the spending of money.第14页，共79页。In a word,we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards.Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them.第

13、15页，共79页。TV Datingl近年来电视相亲节目很流行；近年来电视相亲节目很流行；l有人反对，有人支持；有人反对，有人支持；1.我的看法我的看法第16页，共79页。Recently,TV dating shows produced by some of Chinas provincial satellite TV stations have become very popular.With the success of Jiangsu Satellite TVs“If You Are the One”,some other TV stations have been making th

14、eir own dating programs.These programs have generated debate among the viewers.第17页，共79页。Some audiences think that these programs may have a bad effect on young people.They are worried about the money worship showed by a few female participants.Watched by millions,one female participant from Beijing

15、 once rejected a suitor by saying that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle.第18页，共79页。Some other audiences support these programs.They hold that no TV shows can fully reflect social reality and that the money worship of a few participants does not represent mainstream Chinese societ

16、y.People daring to express their love values in public should be considered as social progress.第19页，共79页。In my opinion,the popularity of the TV dating programs can be employed as an opportunity to advocate positive values of love and marriage.After all,most people disapprove of the idea of money wor

17、ship.第20页，共79页。Teenagers Studying Abroadl现在有很多青年出国留学现在有很多青年出国留学l人们持有不同的观点人们持有不同的观点1.我的看法我的看法第21页，共79页。Nowadays there are more and more teenagers who choose to go abroad to study in high schools or even elementary schools.Many people,especially the parents,claim that it will certainly do good to thei

18、r children,for the independent overseas life will teach them confidence and perseverance.Moreover,the quality of overseas education is often higher,thus the child stands a better chance entering a better university and getting a better job in the future.第22页，共79页。After careful consideration,I think

19、the above view is more than biased.On one hand,early independent life is not necessarily good,if the child cant receive proper guidance and tender care from parents.On the other hand,the educational quality is also doubtful,some foreign schools caring more about money rather than quality.Who can gua

20、rantee they can adapt to the fierce domestic competition?第23页，共79页。l In light of the favorable benefits and unavoidable disadvantages,it seems necessary for young students to conduct a thorough investigation before going abroad.l 第24页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books?l现在年轻人流行在网上看电子书籍现在年轻人

21、流行在网上看电子书籍l有人认为电子书籍会取代传统书籍有人认为电子书籍会取代传统书籍1.你的看法你的看法第25页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books?With the mass production of electronic devices and application of new technologies,mankind has entered an“e”age.We have e-mails,e-tests,and e-books,and consequently,paper-based materials gradually van

22、ish.Nowadays,e-books become extremely popular among youngsters,while traditional ones seem suffer a great loss of their readers.第26页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books?For some people,electronic and internet based books are convenient and accessible.Environmentalists even advocate the benef

23、it of e-books on the ground of forest protection.E-books lovers even assert that traditional books will disappear in the near future.第27页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books?For me,reading experience is unique and rewarding.Nothing can be more thought-provoking than thumbing through a book b

24、ought years ago under a table lamp in a dark night.As to note-taking,scanning and skimming,and portability,traditional books have advantages.Just as the invention of camera didnt put an end to the history of painting,traditional book are,and will still be,an intimate friend of readers.第28页，共79页。Will

25、 E-books replace Traditional Books?点评点评：本文是观点论证题型作文。本文是观点论证题型作文。文章前半部分描述了电子书籍的普遍以及有人认文章前半部分描述了电子书籍的普遍以及有人认为电子书籍会取代传统书籍这一观点，后面作者为电子书籍会取代传统书籍这一观点，后面作者从自己的角度分析了对这一观点的不认可，认为从自己的角度分析了对这一观点的不认可，认为传统书籍有自己的优势，不会被电子书籍取代。传统书籍有自己的优势，不会被电子书籍取代。第29页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?l大学生

26、应该打击犯罪行为吗？大学生应该打击犯罪行为吗？l说说你的看法说说你的看法 第30页，共79页。lModel(2)It becomes a common tendency these days for people to _.Many people are opposed to _ because they think_.They also argue that _.In my mind,however,I cant agree with _.At the same time,_.In addition,_.In conclusion,_.第31页，共79页。Should College Stu

27、dents Fight against the Criminality?Nowadays,more and more college students are becoming enthusiastic about the healthy development of the society.They even participate in the fight against the criminality at the risk of their lives,which has caused a loft of debate among the media.第32页，共79页。Should

28、College Students Fight against the Criminality?So far as I am concerned,the college students should be very careful in their combat against the criminality for several reasons.On the one hand,the college students should take their studies as the priority in the four-year campus life.And they need to

29、 concentrate on their development and improvement of the skills for a bright future career.Besides,the society has placed too much expectation on them.第33页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?On the other hand,the college students should deal with the criminality with more str

30、ategies.In other words,when they meet the criminals in real life,they can appeal to the authorities like the police for help.Only in this way can they fight effectively and protect themselves in the mean time.第34页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?In conclusion,the college s

31、tudents are supposed to fight against the criminality in an effective but safe manner instead of risking their lives.第35页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?点评点评：本篇文章属于观点论证型作文本篇文章属于观点论证型作文首段描述了大学生打击犯罪行为这种行为，首段描述了大学生打击犯罪行为这种行为，并给出作者自己的观点并给出作者自己的观点大学生在打击犯罪大学生在打击犯罪行为时应当深思熟虑，理智并机

32、智得应对罪行为时应当深思熟虑，理智并机智得应对罪犯。后面一段具体分析了原因，展开论证。犯。后面一段具体分析了原因，展开论证。最后总结自己的观点。最后总结自己的观点。第36页，共79页。现象解释型作文现象解释型作文何何 享享Foreign Language School第37页，共79页。38Para 1Para 1：首先应总述现象并描述其现状；首先应总述现象并描述其现状；NowadaysNowadays/In recent years In recent years/In modern society,In modern society,总述现象总述现象,(which has(have)bee

33、n brought into focus which has(have)been brought into focus/which has(have)which has(have)aroused great concernaroused great concern)./现象现象 has become a serious problem.has become a serious problem./What What impresses us most today is impresses us most today is 现象现象.现象表现，现象具体的体现或变化现象表现，现象具体的体现或变化Mo

34、reover Moreover/In addition,In addition,进一步描述现象表现或变化进一步描述现象表现或变化.现象解释型 第38页，共79页。39Para 2Para 2：在描述了现象之后，然后，分析这种现象的原因、相在描述了现象之后，然后，分析这种现象的原因、相关因素或带来的影响关因素或带来的影响 描述影响描述影响 Undoubtedly,Undoubtedly,该现象该现象has(have)brought a negative effect(influence)has(have)brought a negative effect(influence)on on 影响对象

35、影响对象./该现象该现象 can bring damage tocan bring damage to影响对象影响对象./现象所涉现象所涉及的主题及的主题can benefit a lot from can benefit a lot from 该现象该现象.Above all,Above all,影响一影响一.For example,.For example,进一步说明影响进一步说明影响.Whats more,Whats more,影响二影响二.In addition/Besides,In addition/Besides,影响三影响三.现象解释型 第39页，共79页。40OR OR 说明原

36、因说明原因 The reasons for this phenomenon are varied.The reasons for this phenomenon are varied./There are many There are many factors contributing to(influencing)factors contributing to(influencing)该现象或其相关情况该现象或其相关情况.Among all these reasons(factors),Among all these reasons(factors),原因一原因一 plays(play)a

37、critical role.plays(play)a critical role.Moreover Moreover/Furthermore Furthermore/Whats more,Whats more,原因二原因二.Besides,Besides,原因三原因三.现象解释型 第40页，共79页。41Para 3Para 3：最后，阐述自己对该现象的看法或提出相关建议或希望最后，阐述自己对该现象的看法或提出相关建议或希望 做评价做评价 No doubt/From my point of view,No doubt/From my point of view,对该现象做出总体评价对该现象做出

38、总体评价.However,However,可能存在的问题可能存在的问题 /However,it is worth noting that However,it is worth noting that 应该注应该注意的事项意的事项.进一步描述问题或注意事项进一步描述问题或注意事项.All in allAll in all/Therefore,Therefore,总结全文总结全文.现象解释型 第41页，共79页。42OR 提建议提建议 As for me/From my point of view/In my opinion,对该现象做出整体评价、对现象的发展做出预测或提出建议(,but 指出注

39、意事项/提出建议).For one thing,评价一/建议一.For another,评价二/建议二.To conclude/In a word,总结全文.现象解释型 第42页，共79页。43Secondhand Goods 例文讲解例文讲解Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic ofessay on the topic

40、of Secondhand Goods Secondhand Goods.You should write at least 120.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:words following the outline given below:目前购买二手货的人越来越多目前购买二手货的人越来越多分析产生这一现象的原因分析产生这一现象的原因3.3.二手货交易可能带来的问题二手货交易可能带来的问题第43页，共79页。44Secondhand Goods 例文讲解例文讲解目前购买二手货的人越

41、来越多目前购买二手货的人越来越多分析产生这一现象的原因分析产生这一现象的原因3.二手货交易可能带来的问题二手货交易可能带来的问题Para 1:In recent years,secondhand transactions have become quite common(which have been brought into focus/which have aroused great concern).Para 2:There are many factors contributing to this phenomenon./The following reasons can accoun

42、t for this phenomenon.Para 3:However,there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.第44页，共79页。45Secondhand Goods 例文讲解例文讲解Para 1:In recent years,second-hand transactions have become quite common.Para 2:There are many factors contributing to this phenomenon./The following reasons can ac

43、count for this phenomenon.Para 3:However,there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.price:cheaperthings itself:make good use of those goods which may be uselessTransaction platform:internet let the transactions become more convenient and quicker 没有保障，得不到售后没有保障，得不到售后二手货市场缺乏有效监管，可能存

44、在欺诈二手货市场缺乏有效监管，可能存在欺诈第45页，共79页。46Secondhand GoodsIn recent years,second-hand transactions have become quite common./Nowadays there are more and more secondhand goods in the market,such as secondhand books,furniture,appliances,cars,and so on./Why do so many people like to buy secondhand goods?The fol

45、lowing reasons can account for this phenomenon./Above all,secondhand goods are cheaper than new ones.This enables those people who have poor financial abilities to buy the things they want./Moreover,secondhand goods transactions make it possible for people to make good use of the goods which may be

46、useless in their hands.Besides,Internet provides a more convenient and quicker transaction platform for secondhand goods.However,there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions./For one thing,the quality of secondhand goods can not be promised and you can not enjoy the good after-sale

47、service.For another,secondhand goods market lacks enough supervision and management,and there exist many dishonest business activities.In a word,I think secondhand goods transaction is a good trading way,but it needs further perfection of the rules.第46页，共79页。47词汇替换1.individuals，characters，folks替换（pe

48、ople，persons）2.positive，favorable，rosy（美好的），promising（有希望的），perfect，pleasurable，excellent，outstanding，superior替换good3.dreadful，unfavorable，poor，adverse，ill（有害的）替换bad。(如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换)4.（an army of，an ocean of，a sea of，a multitude of，a host of，many，if not most）替换many.5.a slice of，qui

49、et a few，several替换some6.harbor the idea that，take the attitude that，hold the view that，it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that）替换think7.affair，business，matter 替换thing第47页，共79页。48词汇替换8.shared 代 common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits）10.for my part，from my own perspective 替换

50、 in my opinion11.Increasing（ly），growing 替换more and more12.little if anything，或little or nothing替换hardly13beneficial，rewarding替换helpful，14.shopper，client，consumer，purchaser，替换customer15.exceedingly，extremely，intensely 替换very16.hardly necessary，hardly inevitable 替换 unnecessary，avoidable17.sth appeals