谚语、习语翻译.课件.ppt

1、：望文生义，：望文生义，生搬硬套！生搬硬套！pull somebodys leg 愚弄人，开某人的玩笑愚弄人，开某人的玩笑move heaven and earth 竭尽全力；不遗余力，想法设法竭尽全力；不遗余力，想法设法have the face 恬不知耻，厚脸皮恬不知耻，厚脸皮blow hot and cold 朝三暮四；出尔反尔；摇摆不定朝三暮四；出尔反尔；摇摆不定第1页，共19页。Culturally Loaded Words文化负载词文化负载词 1指鹿为马指鹿为马 call white black望梅止渴望梅止渴 looking at plums to quench the thir

2、st画饼充饥：to draw a pancake to cure hunger破釜沉舟破釜沉舟 burn ones boat鸿门宴鸿门宴 hongmen banquet;a dinner at Hongmen where treachery(背信弃义背信弃义,不忠不忠,背叛背叛)murder of invited guest was planned 铁饭碗铁饭碗 “iron rice bowl”-a permanent income they would never lose whether they work hard or not;“iron bowl”-a stable,lifelong

3、 job;a secured job饭桶饭桶 rice bucket-fat-head第2页，共19页。文化负载词文化负载词 3阿阿Q精神精神 A Q spirit meet ones Waterloo 遭遇滑铁卢；遭遇失败遭遇滑铁卢；遭遇失败fifth column 第五纵队；内奸第五纵队；内奸a catch-22 situation 第二十二条军规；左右为难的境地第二十二条军规；左右为难的境地Shylock 夏洛克；守财奴夏洛克；守财奴claim ones pound of flesh 逼债逼债the heel of Achilles(Achilles heel)阿基里斯的脚后跟，比喻唯一

4、致命的弱点。阿基里斯的脚后跟，比喻唯一致命的弱点。第3页，共19页。谚语、习语、成语翻译的注意点谚语、习语、成语翻译的注意点Men may meet but mountains never.（注意对仗）山和山无法碰头，人与人总会相遇。山和山无法碰头，人与人总会相遇。Who has never tasted bitter,knows not what is sweet.（注意对仗）不尝黄连苦，怎知蜂蜜甜。不尝黄连苦，怎知蜂蜜甜。/风雨过后，方见彩虹。风雨过后，方见彩虹。/不经历风雨，怎能不经历风雨，怎能见彩虹？见彩虹？The higher up,the greater the fall.（注意对

5、仗）爬得越高，跌得愈惨。爬得越高，跌得愈惨。Count ones chickens before they are hatched.（注意对仗）小鸡未孵出，急着数鸡数。（过早乐观）小鸡未孵出，急着数鸡数。（过早乐观）Empty vessels make the most noise.（注意对仗）瓶子越空，响声越大；一瓶子不响，半瓶子晃荡。瓶子越空，响声越大；一瓶子不响，半瓶子晃荡。第4页，共19页。直译直译/异化译法翻译实践异化译法翻译实践Forbidden fruit is sweet.禁果分外甜。禁果分外甜。All are not friends that speak us fair.说我

6、们好话的不一定都是朋友。说我们好话的不一定都是朋友。If you run after two hares,you will catch neither.同时追两兔，全都抓不住。同时追两兔，全都抓不住。To save time is to lengthen life.节约时间就等于延长生命。节约时间就等于延长生命。Time is money.时间就是金钱。（比时间就是金钱。（比“一寸光阴一寸金一寸光阴一寸金”流行）流行）A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。第5页，共19页。直译直译/异化译法

7、翻译实践异化译法翻译实践Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。失败是成功之母。凡事都应量力而行。A man can do no more than he can.水火无情Fire and water have no mercy.良药苦口A good medicine tastes bitter.海纳百川All rivers run into sea.火上加油 pour oil on the flame鹦鹉学舌；人云亦云to be a parrot第6页，共19页。直译加注译法翻译实践直译加注译法翻译实践 1hellfire 地狱之火（比喻苦苦折磨人的

8、东西）地狱之火（比喻苦苦折磨人的东西）a Judas kiss 犹大的吻（比喻背叛行为、口蜜腹剑）犹大的吻（比喻背叛行为、口蜜腹剑）olive branch橄榄枝（和平的象征）橄榄枝（和平的象征）Pandoras Box 潘多拉的盒子（比喻祸害的根源）潘多拉的盒子（比喻祸害的根源）a Sphinxs riddle 斯芬克斯之谜（比喻难题或难解之谜）斯芬克斯之谜（比喻难题或难解之谜）sour grapes 酸葡萄（得不到的东西就说它不好）酸葡萄（得不到的东西就说它不好）the tower of ivory 象牙塔（比喻脱离现实生活的小天地、世外桃源）象牙塔（比喻脱离现实生活的小天地、世外桃源）第

9、7页，共19页。直译加注译法翻译实践直译加注译法翻译实践 2the Trojan horse 特洛伊木马（比喻暗藏的敌人或危险）特洛伊木马（比喻暗藏的敌人或危险）Waterloo滑铁卢（比喻惨重的失败、致命的打击）滑铁卢（比喻惨重的失败、致命的打击）wolf in sheeps clothing披着羊皮的狼（比喻伪装友善的敌人）披着羊皮的狼（比喻伪装友善的敌人）to shed crocodile tears 流鳄鱼眼泪（比喻假慈悲）流鳄鱼眼泪（比喻假慈悲）The best fish swim near the bottom.好鱼居水底（比喻有价值的东西不能轻易得到）好鱼居水底（比喻有价值的东西

10、不能轻易得到）meet ones Waterloo 遭遇滑铁卢（比喻遭遇失败。注：滑铁卢，比利时首都布鲁塞尔遭遇滑铁卢（比喻遭遇失败。注：滑铁卢，比利时首都布鲁塞尔附近的一个小城镇。附近的一个小城镇。1815年拿破仑的军队大败于此。）年拿破仑的军队大败于此。）第8页，共19页。直译加注译法翻译实践直译加注译法翻译实践 3the sword of Damocles 悬在达摩克里斯头上的剑（比喻临头的危险，或迫在眉睫的灾难。注：悬在达摩克里斯头上的剑（比喻临头的危险，或迫在眉睫的灾难。注：达摩克里斯为古希腊一位暴君狄奥尼修斯的佞臣，羡慕帝王的豪华生达摩克里斯为古希腊一位暴君狄奥尼修斯的佞臣，羡慕帝

11、王的豪华生活。狄奥尼修斯邀其赴宴，在他头上用一根头发悬着一把剑，达摩克活。狄奥尼修斯邀其赴宴，在他头上用一根头发悬着一把剑，达摩克里斯万分恐惧，几乎不能终席。）里斯万分恐惧，几乎不能终席。）“东施效颦”Dong Shi imitating Xi Shi(Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient Chinese kingdom of Yue.Dong Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways.)第9页，共19页。直译加注译法翻译实践直译加注译法翻译实践 4情人眼里出西施beauty lies i

12、n lovers eyes(Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient Chinese kingdom of Yue.She ranked the first among the Four Ancient Beauties of China and thus became the symbol of all beauties.)草船借箭to borrow arrows with thatched boats(This is a story about Zhuge Liang,a famous wit in the ancient China,tried

13、storing 100,000 arrows shot from the counterpart with thatched boats during a war.This term refers to the great wisdom with which one can utilize others resources to obtain ones own goals.)第10页，共19页。现有表达套译法翻译实践现有表达套译法翻译实践 1stir up a hornets nest 捅马蜂窝捅马蜂窝a sly old fox 老狐狸；老奸巨猾的人老狐狸；老奸巨猾的人Like father

14、like son.有其父必有其子有其父必有其子Make hay while the sun shines.趁热打铁。趁热打铁。False friends are worse than bitter enemies.明枪易躲，暗箭难防明枪易躲，暗箭难防第11页，共19页。现有表达套译法翻译实践现有表达套译法翻译实践 2Far water does not put out near fire.远水救不了近火远水救不了近火Lock the stable door when the horse has been stolen.贼去关门贼去关门/亡羊补牢。亡羊补牢。Give him an inch an

15、d he will take an ell.得寸进尺得寸进尺失之毫厘，差之千里。A miss is as good as a mile.（略有差别，英：客观描述；汉：（略有差别，英：客观描述；汉：主观警告）主观警告）闪光的东西不一定是金子all that glitters is not gold.第12页，共19页。现有表达套译法翻译实践现有表达套译法翻译实践 3活到老，学到老。Its never too old to learn.浑水摸鱼fish in troubled water置若罔闻turn a deaf ear to视而不见turn a blind eye to沽名钓誉to fish

16、 for praise 沧海一粟a drop in the ocean第13页，共19页。意译意译/同化译法翻译实践同化译法翻译实践pull up ones socks 加油加油 a blessing in disguise因祸得福因祸得福as like as two peas长得一模一样长得一模一样In the kingdom of the blind the one-eyed man is king.山中无老虎，猴子称大王山中无老虎，猴子称大王Im too old a dog that cant learn new tricks.我太老了，再也学不进什么新鲜玩意儿了。我太老了，再也学不进什

17、么新鲜玩意儿了。Every man has a fool in his sleeve.人人都有糊涂的时候。人人都有糊涂的时候。Dont count your chicken until they are hatched.不要高兴得太早。不要高兴得太早。第14页，共19页。意译意译/同化译法翻译实践同化译法翻译实践木已成舟Whats done is done,and cant be undone.风水轮流转Fortune knocks once at least at every mans gate.车到山前必有路In the end things will mend.三思而后行。A leopa

18、rd cannot change its spots.班门弄斧teach fish to swim;teach ones grandmother to suck eggs丢了芝麻拣西瓜（吃小亏占大便宜）throw a sprat(鲱鱼属的小鱼鲱鱼属的小鱼)to catch a whale一箭双雕kill two birds with one stone第15页，共19页。习题习题 2 1.East or west,home is best.在家千日好，出门一日难。2.Dont do to others what you dont want others do to you.己所不欲，勿施于人。

19、3.God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。4.Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.心之所愿，无所不成。5.Speak of the devil and he will appear.说曹操曹操到。第16页，共19页。6.Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。7.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。8.All things are difficult before they are easy

20、.凡事必先难后易。放弃投机取巧的幻想 9.Good company on the road is the shortest cut.行路有良伴就是捷径。10.Constant dropping wears the stone.滴水穿石。第17页，共19页。11.眼不见，心不乱。Out of sight,out of mind.12.事实胜于雄辩。Action speaks louder than words.13.吃一堑，长一智。A fall in the pit,a gain in the wit.14.欲速则不达。More haste,less speed.15.江山易改，本性难移。A leopard cannot change its spots.第18页，共19页。16.前车之鉴，后事之师。Let anothers shipwreck be your seamark.17.谋事在人，成事在天。Man proposes,God disposes.18.实践长才干。In doing we learn.19.得寸进尺。Give knaves an inch and they will take a yard.20.三个臭皮匠，胜过/顶个诸葛亮。Two heads are better than one.第19页，共19页。