Unit 3 单词用法趣味图文讲解2ppt课件- (2022)高中英语新人教版（新教材）必修第三册 .pptx

1、版本：新人教版本：新人教单元：必修三单元：必修三 Unit 3(Listening and Speaking Reading and Thinking)单单词词课课堂堂本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.diverse近义词 various派生词：diversity2.fortune词源：fortune 源自幸运女神的名字 Fortuna词块：make a/one fortune,good fortune,fortune cookie词族：fortune,fortunate,fortunately,unfortunate,unfortunately,misfortune3.chip隐喻：基本义“碎

2、片”比喻义(衍生义)“薯片”“芯片”4.cheese音译词“芝士”熟词生义“茄子”(拍照时让人微笑说的话)5.spicyspice(n 香料)+-y(充满的)6.admitad-(to)+mit(let go,send)送入 容许进入（正式用语）一词多义：基本义“容许进入”派生词：admission7.definitelydefinite(肯定的)+-ly；近义词 certainly；句子副词8.occur意为“发生”时是正式用语(对应 happen)词块：it occurs to sb that9.downtown 合成词 down+town词源：在19世纪30年代，纽约城区集中在曼哈顿岛南

3、端，成为了市中心，后来经济向北扩展。up和down对应于地图上北和南。(downtown 市中心,uptown 居住区)10.mission词源：16世纪时，随着美洲新大陆的发现和殖民活动，欧洲基督教会大规模派遣传教士到世界各地传播福音、建立基督教会和学校。这种派遣活动以及派出去的团队被称为mission。因为这种派遣活动的目的是完成传播福音的使命，所以mission衍生出“使命”的含义。mission除了表示传教团队外，还可以表示其他各种去远处执行使命的团队，如外交团队、参加比赛或会议的代表团等。11.districtdis-(apart 分开)+strict(to draw tight 拉

4、紧)分开被拉紧的物体 被分成几部分的地区 区；地区12.afterwards 美式英语afterwardafter+ward(toward 向)+-s 13.historicalhistory+-al；词块：places of historical interest词族：history,historic,historical,historian14.seek基本义：“寻找”正式用语：对应 look for ask for try to get词块：seek a job,seek(sbs)help/advice,seek to do sth,seek ones fortune派生词：seeker

5、(job seekers)15.earn词块：earn a/ones living,earn money16.select精准的汉语释义：精选(to choose carefully)同义词 choose(select更为正式)词块：select sb/sth for sth,select sb/sth as sth,select sb/sth to do sth17.china小写c，瓷器，是不可数名词18.jazz音译词“爵士乐”19.bar词源：用来栓门的铁条 将服务员与顾客隔开的“铁条”柜台 酒吧词块：a bar of chocolate/soap,a coffee/snack/win

6、e bar20.diagramdia-(across,through 穿过)+gram(write,mark,draw 写、图、画)图表21.journal词块：keep a journal(=keep a diary)；派生词：journalist22.series单复数同形，词块：a series of,TV series23.minority minor minority；反义词：majority词块：ethnic minority24.escape一词多义：基本义“从逃走”词块：escape from,narrowly escape重重难难点点词词精精讲讲admit一词多义一词多义英语

7、释义英语释义一词多义一词多义occur辨析义辨析义fortuneseek一词多义一词多义英语释义英语释义select英语释义英语释义辨析义辨析义escape一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义claim英语释义英语释义earn一词多义一词多义中国传统文化中的中国传统文化中的“福福”怎么表达？怎么表达？fortune“福福”所对应的英文是所对应的英文是 good fortune，直译过来就是，直译过来就是“好运气好运气”。神秘的神秘的“算命人算命人”古今中外均不乏古今中外均不乏“算命的人算命的人”，在英语中这样的人被称为，在英语中这样的人被称为 fortune teller。Fortune 500“世界

8、500强”是中国人对美国财富(Fortune)杂志每年评选的“全球最大五百家公司”排行榜的一种约定俗成的叫法。公司盈利多是跻身世界500强的先决条件，而fortune有“（大量）财产；大笔钱”的含义，这也是用Fortune 500来表达世界500强的原因。世界世界500强强词源故事词源故事福尔图娜（Fortuna）是罗马神话中的命运女神。她主管人和国家的命运命运。她的形象一般为一手执羊角，象征丰饶和财富，一手执车轮，象征命运的变迁兴衰。英语单词 fortune就源自幸运女神的名字 Fortuna。习语 wheel of fortune 字面意思是“幸运女神的车轮幸运女神的车轮”，比喻命运或人生

9、的变迁。fortune n U 机遇；运气机遇；运气 chance or luck,especially in the way it affects peoples lives：fortune cookiesIn China,children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.2012 安徽 C&U 时运；命运：时运；命运：tell sbs fortune What will be our fortune?C（大量大量）财产；大笔的钱财产；大笔的钱 a large amount of

10、money：make a/ones fortunea small fortune(=a quite large fortune)He received a large fortune when his uncle died.成功与否的成功与否的“命运命运”人生的人生的“命运命运”金钱的金钱的“命运命运”财运财运时运；时运；命运命运机遇；机遇；运气运气命运命运fortune（基本义）（基本义）人生的人生的“命运命运”成功与否的成功与否的“命命运运”（大量）（大量）财产；财产；大笔的钱大笔的钱金钱的金钱的“命命运运”财运财运fortune 语义网络图语义网络图fortunefortunatefor

11、tunatelyunfortunateunfortunatelymisfortunefortune 的同族词的同族词如果有勇气承认错误，那么所犯的错误也是可以被原谅的。李小龙李小龙（1940-1973），师承叶问，出生于美国，祖籍中国广东佛山。功夫片的开创者和截拳道创始人、华人武打电影演员，中国功夫首位全球推广者、好莱坞首位华人主角。admit vt 正式用语正式用语 容许容许进入进入 to allow sb/sth to enter a place：Only ticket-holders will be admitted to/into the stadium.vt 正式用语正式用语 接纳；

12、招收接纳；招收 to allow sb to become a member of a club,a school,etc.：I shall be very likely to be admitted to my dream university.2014 四川The table-tennis team of our school is admitting new players.2017 全国书面表达admit v 注注：在日常生活中，人们通常说let sb in而不是admit sbadmit 的词源义是“允许进入（let in）”，在此基础上衍生出各层释义。vt&vi 承认承认 to a

13、gree,often unwillingly,that sth is true：We should have the courage to admit(to)our mistakes.I had to admit(to)being nervous about the test.vt&vi 供认供认 to say that you have done sth wrong or illegal：He refused to admit(to)the other charges.She admitted(to)having stolen/stealing the car.U&C 接纳；进入权；准许入会

14、接纳；进入权；准许入会 /学：学：Admission by ticket.She failed to gain admission to the university of her choice.the university admissions policy/office C 常作单数常作单数 承认；供认：承认；供认：an admission of a mistake/failure admission n U 入场费：入场费：admission charges/prices admittedly adv 句子副词句子副词 诚然；不可否认地：诚然；不可否认地：The technique is

15、 painful,admittedly,but it benefits the patient greatly.词汇拓展词汇拓展admit 语义网络图语义网络图供认供认admit容许容许进入进入（基本义）（基本义）承认承认“容许容许”事情事情“进入进入”内心内心“容许容许”人人“进进入入”组织或机构组织或机构“容许容许”物体物体“进入进入”某地某地接纳；招收接纳；招收容许容许进入进入“容许容许”自己做自己做错了的事错了的事“进入进入”公众视野公众视野承认；供认承认；供认接纳；接纳；准许入会准许入会 /学；学；入场费入场费进入权进入权admissionMajor earthquakes like

16、 this often _（发（发生）生）.happen 正式用语正式用语根据所给汉语，在空白处填入根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。个适当的单词。occur/occuroccur vi 正式用语正式用语 发生发生 to happen:A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China.2017 江苏 出现；存在出现；存在 to exist or be found somewhere：Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.Cultural differences occur where

17、ver you go.2014 重庆occur to sb 浮现于脑中；被想起：浮现于脑中；被想起：it occurs to sb to do sth:It occurred to her to phone the police.it occurs to sb+that 从句从句:Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.2013 湖南词汇拓展词汇拓展 C 发生的事情发生的事情:everyday occurrences U 发生；出现发生；出现 occurre

18、nce n辨析辨析occur,happen,take place 相同点：相同点：三者都可指“发生”。三者都是不及物动词，都无被动。不同点：不同点：occur 指“发生”时可与happen换用，但occur较为正式。If any of these symptoms occur while you are taking the medicine,consult your doctor immediately.happen 主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。Maybe something unexpected happened.take place 主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生

19、好事或不好的事。The conference will take place next month.魁地奇比赛中的找球手魁地奇比赛中的找球手seeker在哈利波特的魔法世界中，最受欢迎的运动莫过于魁地奇比赛（Quidditch）。找球手seeker在比赛中起着极为重要的作用，他们负责抓取金色飞贼（the golden snitch），往往能使自己的球队反败为胜。seekseek(sought,sought)v 正式用语或书面用语正式用语或书面用语 vt&vi 寻找寻找 to look for sb/sth：They sought for a place to shelter from the

20、rain,but in vain.seek jobs/work/employment 根据seek的基本义to look for，猜猜下列句子中seek的意思。1.The book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.2014 天津2.They had sought my advice,and I had recommended this machine.3.Scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the “sixth s

21、ense”of direction.寻求寻求 口语口语 try to find/get征求征求 口语口语 ask for试图试图/企图企图 口语口语 try to do【词汇拓展词汇拓展】seek out 找出；找到找出；找到：We must seek out a solution to the problem.play hide-and-seek 玩捉迷藏玩捉迷藏seeker n C 寻找者；追求者：寻找者；追求者：a job/an attention seeker 重要词块重要词块earnearn pocket money赚零花钱赚零花钱top earners最赚钱的人最赚钱的人earn

22、v vt&vi 赚得；挣得：赚得；挣得：earn a scholarship earn money/an income/a fortune My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.2018 全国 vt 博得；博得；赢得赢得：He earned praise for honesty.earn a/ones living 谋生：谋生：You are old enough to earn your own living.2011 辽宁 earnings n C复数薪水；工资复数薪水；工资 earn

23、er n C 赚钱者赚钱者基本义基本义挣得美好事物挣得美好事物select玩游戏的时候，你曾为“挑选挑选”角色苦恼过吗？“挑选”又如何表达呢？I want to read an English book,but I cant choose the right one.The coach has not chosen me to play in the football team.Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents,and select two activities they would like

24、to do.2018 全国 Select something around you that you share with the other person.2015 安徽读下面的句子，体会choose和select的区别：In everyday English,people usually say choose rather than select.select vt（经过认真思考而经过认真思考而）挑选；精选挑选；精选 to choose sb/sth,usually carefully,from a number of similar things：He selected a mobile

25、 phone for personal use.select sb/sth for sth:He had hopes of being selected for the national team.select sb/sth as sth:In 2019,Tu Youyou was selected by the BBC as one of the most influential figures of science in the 20th century.select sb/sth to do sth:Hes the only student in the class that has b

26、een selected to take part in the Model United Nations conference.2014 湖北辨辨 select,choose,pick 三者都有三者都有“选择选择”之意。之意。select 指“精选精选”，是基于要求从同类的许多事物或人中后选出最合适的。select比choose。choose 指挑选自己喜欢喜欢的人或物；决定或更喜欢更喜欢做某事。choose 泛指选择，可不带宾语。选择，可不带宾语。You choose I cant decide.pick 指从一群人或一组事物中选出一个或一些，可泛指选择，口语用词。choose to do

27、 cant choose but do sthchoose from pick out pick ones words selective adj 慎重选择的；精挑细选的慎重选择的；精挑细选的 selection n U&C 可选之人或物；选集：可选之人或物；选集：make a selection Selections From Charles Dickens狄更斯选集词汇拓展词汇拓展新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；声称；宣称宣称”就用claim表示。claim 新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“夺去了多少人的生

28、命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等灾难或冲突等+claim+life/lives”表达。当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claim the money back for damages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claim on the insurance）；认领丢失的财物（claim lost property）等等。claim v vi 声称；宣称声称；宣称 to say that sth is true,without having any proof:Scientists are claiming a major breakt

29、hrough in the fighting against cancer.claim to be/do sth:Dont claim to know what you dont know.claim+(that)从句：从句：Some people claim that surfing the Internet is a wasteof time.vt&vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领（根据权利）要求；索要；认领 to ask for sth because you think its your legal right to have it：He should be able to claim

30、 back the price of the ticket.You can claim on the insurance if you have an accident while on holiday.vt 尤用于新闻报道尤用于新闻报道 夺去（生命）夺去（生命）to cause sbs death：Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.人教新必修 3 n C 声称；断言：声称；断言：They made claims they couldnt live up to.（对事物的对事物的）权利；所有权：

31、权利；所有权：There is a large number of patent examiners,whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not.要求；索赔：要求；索赔：You can make a claim on insurance policy.escape你玩过密室脱逃你玩过密室脱逃（Room Escape）吗？试想一下自己被困在一吗？试想一下自己被困在一间门被锁上的房间间门被锁上的房间里里，在规定的时间内，必须依靠各种细节进，在规定的时间内，必须依靠各种细节进行推理，再加上各种道具的配合才能把里面的每

32、一扇门都打开，行推理，再加上各种道具的配合才能把里面的每一扇门都打开，最终实现最终实现“逃逃”出去。是不是很有意思？这个游戏也恰恰说明出去。是不是很有意思？这个游戏也恰恰说明了了“escape”这个词最核心的意义这个词最核心的意义：（从从）逃走逃走。escape词源词源escape 的基本义:（从）逃走escape（逃脱）：脱掉身上的斗篷得以逃脱。在古代欧洲的战场上，被击败的战士为了保命，往往会使出“金蝉脱壳”的招数，在被敌人抓住斗篷时脱掉斗篷而摆脱敌人，或在被敌人追赶时主动脱掉斗篷，趁敌人去捡斗篷时赶紧逃掉。因为在古代，一件斗篷算是不菲的财产，有钱人才穿得起。英语单词 escape（逃脱）就

33、跟古人脱掉斗篷保命的做法有关。它由 ex（out of）+cappa（cape，斗篷）构成，字面意思就是“脱掉斗篷”。因此，英语单词 escape 可以按以下方式记忆其拼写：escape=es（=ex，out of，脱掉）+cape（斗篷）。escape v vi 逃走；逃跑：逃走；逃跑：The hunter tried to escape from the forest,but he lost his way.vt&vi 逃避；摆脱：逃避；摆脱：escape sbs attention/notice He narrowly escaped death in an earthquake.The

34、 southern part of Yunnan is the best district of China to escape the cold winter.人教新必修 3escape doing sth:You are lucky to escape being punished.vi&vt 不用于被动语态不用于被动语态 被忘掉被忘掉：She looks familiar,but her name escapes me(=I cant remember her name).vi（气体、液体等气体、液体等）泄漏：泄漏：A small hole allowed smoke to escape

35、 from the top.2010 福建 escape n C&U 逃跑；逃脱；逃避：逃跑；逃脱；逃避：make ones escapeHe had a narrow escape.For her,travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life.C 泄漏；出口泄漏；出口:Can you smell an escape of gas?a fire escape（气体、液（气体、液体等）泄漏体等）泄漏escape 语义网络语义网络图图气体气体/液体液体从容器中从容器中“逃走逃走”从抽象的困从抽象的困境中境中“逃走逃走”从被围困

36、的从被围困的地方地方“逃走逃走”逃避；摆脱逃避；摆脱逃走；逃跑逃走；逃跑从记忆中从记忆中“逃走逃走”被忘掉被忘掉逃跑；逃脱逃跑；逃脱泄漏；出口泄漏；出口vn从从 逃走逃走基本义基本义逃避逃避 小贴士小贴士电脑键盘上的“Esc键”你经常用吗？其实，Esc键就是英语escape的缩写，这个按键也叫做escape key，起到退出或取消的功能。想一想Esc键和“逃走”有什么联系？本单元词汇拓展：本单元词汇拓展：seek1.I shall be very likely to be admitted to my dream university.2014 四川2.2.We should have the

37、 courage to admit(to)our mistakes.3.We must seek out a solution to the problem.4.You are old enough to earn your own living.2011 辽宁5.Dont claim to know what you dont know.6.He narrowly escaped death in an earthquake.7.He had a narrow escape.金句汇总金句汇总随堂检测随堂检测写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.I have

38、had the good fortune to work with some brilliant directors.（2012 安徽）_2.She made a fortune and wore diamonds and designer clothes.（2011 江西）_3.Any painting by Van Gogh is worth a fortune._4.I met a fortune teller in the shopping mall._fortune有幸有幸 /有好运气有好运气发财发财一大笔钱一大笔钱算命人算命人一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中

39、画线部分的汉语释义。1.She admitted having driven the car without insurance._2.You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started._3.He was studying in the hope of being admitted to an engineering college._4.A number of people have admitted that despite their success,they arent happy.（20

40、15 浙江改）_admit承认承认被允许进入被允许进入被录取被录取承认承认二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.You should have the courage to _（承认错误）.2.Did he _（承认打破了窗户）?3.This ticket _（可让两人进场）.4.Their poetry club has recently _（吸收了几名新社员）.5.Gates open at 10:30 a.m.and _（免费入场）.6._（这家公园最晚的入园时间）are at 6:00 p.m.admit your mistakes

41、admits two persons admitted a few new membersadmit breaking the windowLast admissions to the park admission is free一、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子一、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1._（我没有想到）that he might have had problems.2.Emerson would always set down new ideas _（他想到的）.3.I suppose _（她根本没想到要请求帮助）.4._（他突然想到）that he had l

42、eft his keys in the office.It didnt occur to methat/which occurred to himit didnt occur to her to ask for helpIt suddenly occurred to him occur二、二、选出适当的选出适当的单单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。1.The Olympics _ every four years.2.No one knows exactly what _ but several people have been hurt.3.If headache

43、s _ while you are taking the medicine,consult your doctor immediately.occur,happen,take placetake placehappened/occurredoccur一、选出下列句子中画线部分的英语释义。一、选出下列句子中画线部分的英语释义。1.How can you seek help from the Writing Centre?（2014 天津）_2.A company whose profits from home markets are declining（减少）may seek opportuni

44、ties abroad.（2014 山东）_3.We sought out Karen and told her of her success._4.Local schools are seeking to reduce the dropout rate._ a.look for b.try c.ask for d.find outcseekadb二、在空白处填入二、在空白处填入1 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.On a hot summer day in last August,I _(seek)shade and a cool drink a

45、t a waterfront caf.2.Some businesses only seek _(earn)enough to cover their operating costs.（2013 全国）3.Unluckily,they sought in vain _ somewhere to shelter.4.A job _(seek)is an unemployed person who is trying to get a job.soughtto earnforseeker根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.It has taken y

46、ears to _（赢得他们的信任）.2.As a teacher,she had _（赢得了她学生的尊敬）.3.I wish we could help him to _（挣钱）.His family is suffering so much.（2020 山东改）4.Although these books will not help you to _（谋生）,they will help you to live more fully.earn their trustearned the respect of her studentsearn moneyearnearn your/a liv

47、ing选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1.He _ a pair of socks to match his suit.2.My wife is going with me to help me _ out a new suit.3.I cannot _ but wait.4.She took a long time _ a new sweater.selected pick to choose choose choose,select,pickselectclaim写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.No one ha

48、d called to claim the dog,so Ann decided to keep it.（2014 山东）_2.He tried to claim that he had acted in self-defence._3.The company claims that their product“makes you thin without dieting”._4.Heart disease is the biggest killer,claiming 180,000 lives a year._认领这只狗认领这只狗宣称宣称声称声称夺去夺去18万人的生命万人的生命5.The g

49、roup claimed responsibility for a series of accidents._6.If youre still not satisfied,you may be able to claim cash checks._7.The Foreign Affairs Department has denied claims that the men were ill-treated._8.The company had made false claims about its products._要求现金支票要求现金支票否认了否认了的说法的说法做了虚假宣传做了虚假宣传宣称

50、对宣称对负责负责escape一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The air keeping the balloon up was escaping so quickly and the balloon was coming down._ 2.As a child he would often escape into a dream world of his own._3.Escape from this window and return to the main menu._4.Can you smell an escape of gas?_泄露