Unit 4 Words and expressions ppt课件-（2022新）高中英语人教版（新教材）必修第二册.pptx

1、B2 U 4 Vocabulary Il o n d o n1.Confucius n.孔子孔子 confuse vt.使困惑使困惑1)孔庙Temple of Confucius2)The Confucius Institute established all over the world is to promote Chinese language and culture.2.mansion n.公馆，宅邸公馆，宅邸1)孔府Kong Family Mansion2)A Dream of Red Mansions3.cemetery n.墓地，公墓墓地，公墓tomb n.坟墓坟墓grave n

2、.坟墓坟墓1)孔林Cemetery of Confucius 4.philosophy n.哲学；哲理；人生观哲学；哲理；人生观 philosopher n.哲学家哲学家1)Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.5.ascend v.上升；攀登上升；攀登 descend v.下降；遗传下降；遗传 descendant n.后裔；子孙后裔；子孙 adj.下降的；祖传的下降的；祖传的1)Chinese descendan

3、ts炎黄子孙Descendant of The Dragon龙的传人direct descendants直系后裔 6.individual adj.个人的；个别的个人的；个别的 n.个人，个体个人，个体1)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.(2019天津)2)Sometimes I feel that individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems.7.Achill

4、es heel（希腊神话）（希腊神话）阿基里斯之踵，致命的弱点阿基里斯之踵，致命的弱点 heel n.脚后跟；脚踵脚后跟；脚踵1)英语是我的致命弱点。English is my Achilles heel.2)Lack of self-confidence is his Achilles heel.3.high heel shoesB2 U 4 Vocabulary l o n d o n8.kingdom n.王国；领域王国；领域 king n.国王国王 queen n.女王女王;王后王后 prince n.王子王子;王孙王孙;亲王亲王 princess n.公主公主;王妃王妃9.chief

5、 n.首领；酋长；主要部分首领；酋长；主要部分【复数复数:chiefs】adj.首席的；首席的；主要的主要的main/major:adj.主要的主要的1)首席设计师chief designer首席执行官/总裁chief executive(执行的)officer (CEO)10.confuse vt.使困惑使困惑 puzzle n.谜；难题；迷惑谜；难题；迷惑 vt.使使困惑困惑 vi.迷惑；冥思苦想迷惑；冥思苦想 puzzled adj.困惑的困惑的 puzzling adj.令人迷惑不解的令人迷惑不解的1)Getting to know a little bit about British

6、 history will help you solve this puzzle.2)What puzzled me most was how the accident could have happened.3)Facing the _(puzzle)situation,the manager looked_(puzzle).4)The girl looked at me with a _(puzzle)expression.puzzlingpuzzledpuzzled10.puzzle n.谜；难题；迷惑谜；难题；迷惑 be in a puzzle 感到困惑 be a puzzle to

7、sb.对某人来说是个谜 vt.使使困惑困惑 vi.迷惑；冥思苦想迷惑；冥思苦想 puzzle about/over sth 冥思苦想；对.感到困惑(动作动作)puzzled adj.困惑的困惑的 be puzzled about/over.对.感到困惑(状态状态)puzzling adj.令人迷惑不解的令人迷惑不解的5)Im _a puzzle as to how to get along with him.6)Their reason for doing it is still _ puzzle to me.7)These scientissts have been puzzling _ho

8、w to solve the environmental problem.about/overina11.nearby adj.附近的，邻近的附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近在附近 prep.在在附近附近neighbourhood n.临近临近12.join.t0.把把和和连接或联结起来连接或联结起来1)In the 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.2)Every individual or group _(join)to the world by the Internet

9、.3)People all over the world usually connect China _ silk and good food.4)据说到目前为止，成千上万的网友(netizen)参加了讨论。Its said that thousands of netizens have joined in the discussion so far.connect.with.把和联系起来join the army/club 参军/加入俱乐部（团体、组织）（团体、组织）join in 参加（比赛、活动）（比赛、活动）is joinedwith13.break away(from sb/sth)

10、脱离脱离,背叛；挣脱，逃脱；背叛；挣脱，逃脱；1)In the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK.2)The tiger broke away from the cage and fled into the forest.3)He grabbed her,but she managed to _（挣脱）him.break away from 13.break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱；摆脱脱离；背叛；逃脱；摆脱break down 损坏损坏,发生故障；分解；累垮发生故障；分

11、解；累垮 break out 爆发；突然发生爆发；突然发生break up 结束；破裂结束；破裂break into 闯入闯入 break in 闯入闯入；打断打断4)If you go on working like that,you will break _sooner or later.5)A fire broke _ in this hotel last night and three people were killed.6)In my opinion,marriage based on money _（很可能会破裂）.7)There was no one nearby who mi

12、ght see him trying to break _the house.8)Dont break _in when he is telling the story.down out is likely to break upinto/in in14.belong vi.属于；应归入 belong to 属于(无无进行时态进行时态和和被动语被动语态态)belonging n.所有物；财产；归属所有物；财产；归属(常用复数常用复数+s)1)Please take care of your belongings.2)He keeps telling his students that the

13、future belongs to the well-educated.3)The book which is interesting _(属于）Jack.4)He was very upset that the valuable watch _(belong)to him was lost.5)My friend will help you move your _(belong).belongs to belonging belongings 15.as well as 和，以及；同和，以及；同一样好（副词）一样好（副词）1)Sarah,who has taken part in shows

14、 along with top models,wants to improve that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全国III)2)The man,as well as his three children,is going out for hiking this weekend.3)She cooks as well as her mother.4)Amy,as well as her brothers,_ given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2019天津

15、)as well as,along with,together with等连等连接的名词或代词作主语接的名词或代词作主语时时,谓谓语动词与语动词与其前其前面的名词或代词保持一致面的名词或代词保持一致,即即“就远原则就远原则”。它们的意思是它们的意思是:“和和”。was15.as well 也也1)他说法语，也说西班牙语。He speaks French,and Spanish as well.2)我也去过长城。I have been to the Great Wall as well=I have been to the Great Wall(,)too=I have also been to

16、 the Great Wall.either-我也没去过长城。I have not been to the Great Wall either.as well,too,also,either，也也 前三个用于肯定句前三个用于肯定句,either 用于否定句。用于否定句。16.currency n.货币；通货货币；通货 current adj.现行的；流通的现行的；流通的 currently adv.当前当前,目前目前=presentlymoney n.钱钱cash n.现金现金bill/note n.纸币纸币coin n.硬币硬币credit card 信用卡信用卡$-yuan-dollar-

17、pound-euro17.military adj.军事的；军用的军事的；军用的 1)the military training军训the military parade 阅兵take military action采取军事活动18.defence n.防御；保卫；辩护防御；保卫；辩护 in defence of 为了保卫；为辩护 defend vt.保卫；为保卫；为辩护辩护vi.防卫；防御防卫；防御 defend A from/against B 保卫A不受B的伤害 defensive adj.防御性的防御性的 1）the Department of Defense国防部2）军事防御mili

18、tary defence3）A good diet helps build the bodys natural defence.4）We shouldnt forget the soldiers who defended our country.5)We shouldnt forget the soldiers who died in defence of our country.6）The town walls were built to defend against enemy attacks.7）Some think that students should be trained _(保

19、护自己免受攻击).8）She stepped back apprearing surprised and put up her hands as if in_(defend）.9）They fought to the finish _（为了保护人民的自由和利益）.10）The government took some _(defend）measures against possible attacks.to defend themselves against some attacks defencein defence of freedom and benefits of the people

20、 defensive18.defence n.防御；保卫；辩护防御；保卫；辩护 in defence of 为了保卫；为辩护 defend vt.保卫；为保卫；为辩护辩护vi.防卫；防御防卫；防御 defend A from/against B 保卫A不受B的伤害 defensive adj.防御性的防御性的 19.legal adj.法律的；合法的；法定的法律的；合法的；法定的 legally adv.法律上法律上;合法地合法地 illegal adj.不合法的不合法的;违法的违法的 illegally adv.不法地不法地16.currency n.货币；通货货币；通货 current a

21、dj.现行的；流通的现行的；流通的 currently adv.当前当前,目前目前=presentlymoney n.钱钱cash n.现金现金bill/note n.纸币纸币coin n.硬币硬币credit card 信用卡信用卡$-yuan-dollar-pound-euro20.surround vt.围绕；包围围绕；包围 surround.with.用包围 be surrounded by/with 被所包围，被所围绕 surrounding adj.周围的，周边的周围的，周边的 surroundings n.(复数复数)环境；周围的事物环境；周围的事物1）The professor

22、 likes to surround himself with his students.2）The super star is surrounded by his fans.3）Living in beautiful and comfortable _(surround),we felt very happy.4）They all went out to look for the lost child in the _(surround)villages.5）The small village _(被青山绿水环绕着）,attracting visitors from every corner

23、.surroundingssurroundingis surrounded by/with green mountains and clear rivers21.evidence n.证据，证明证据，证明【U】There is(some)evidence that.有证据证明 evident adj.明显的；显然的明显的；显然的 Its evident that.很明显 evidently adv.明显地；显然地明显地；显然地1）Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.2）Th

24、eres some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.3）It is evident that our life has become more convenient because of the Internet.4）There is evidence _ online networking can transform our daily interactions.5）It is _(evidence)that barriers still exist for women in the work place.thateviden

25、t22.achieve vt.达到；取得；实现达到；取得；实现 achieve ones goal 达到目标 achievement n.C&U成就成就,伟绩；完成伟绩；完成 a sense of achievement 成就感 make an achievement 取得成就1）Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.2）Even a small success can give you a sense of achievement.3）His laziness makes it impossibl

26、e for him to achieve his goal.4）The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for those great _(achievement)made by her.5）It _(给我一种成就感)when I make it to the end of a very long book.achievementsgives me a sense of achievement23.locate vt.定位；确定定位；确定的位置的位置 be located at/in 位于，座落于 location

27、 n.位置；地点位置；地点1)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus of the university in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.(2018全国III)stand lie inbe seated 24.conquer vt.战胜，征服战胜，征服 vi.胜利，得胜胜利，得胜 conqueror n.征服者，胜利者征服者，胜利者 conquest n.征服，战胜；征服，战胜；战利品战利品25.battle n.&vi.&vt.战斗；搏斗；奋斗战斗；搏斗；奋斗1)黒斯廷战役Battle of Hastings 2

28、6.transport n.交通交通 port n.港口，口岸港口，口岸 import n.&vt.vi.输入，进口输入，进口 export n.&vt.vi.输出，出口；出口商品输出，出口；出口商品27.fascinate vt.迷住，使着迷，使神魂颠倒迷住，使着迷，使神魂颠倒 fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的；令人神魂颠倒的迷人的；吸引人的；令人神魂颠倒的 =charming fascinated adj.入迷的，极感兴趣的入迷的，极感兴趣的28.keep your eyes open（for）留心；留意）留心；留意 keep an eye on 照看；留意；密切关注照看；

29、留意；密切关注1)If that sounds like good news,keep your eyes open for your chance for change.2)You must keep an eye on your young children when you are in a crowded street.B2 U 4 Reading and thinking语言点l o n d o n1 The United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,Englandmany people are confused by what these diffe

30、rent names mean.So what is the difference between them,if any?Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.1 The United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,Englandmany people are confused by what these different names mean.So what is the difference between them,if any

31、?Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.if型的省略结构型的省略结构省略：So what is the difference between them,if any?完整：So what is the difference between them,if there is any difference?在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句从句的主语和谓语动词主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。常见的结构有：if any 如果有的话如果有的话C

32、orrect the mistakes,if any.Correct the mistakes,if there are any mistakes.if型的省略结构型的省略结构在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。常见的结构有：if any 如果有的话如果有的话if not 如果不是如果不是Do you have an unbrella?If not,I will lend you mine.Do you have an unbrella?If you do not have an unbrella,I will lend you

33、mine.if型的省略结构型的省略结构在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。常见的结构有：if any 如果有的话如果有的话if not 如果不是如果不是if so 如果这样的话如果这样的话Is it raining?If so,lets go there tomorrow.Is it raining?If it is raining,lets go there tomorrow.注意注意if so与与if not连用的情形连用的情形：Will you be staying another night?If so,we can gi

34、ve you a better room.If not,could you be out of your room by 12:00?if型的省略结构型的省略结构在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。常见的结构有：if any 如果有的话如果有的话if not 如果不是如果不是if so 如果这样的话如果这样的话if ever 如果有过如果有过/发生过的话发生过的话，常与常与seldom连用连用，表，表“极少，难得极少，难得”He seldom,if ever,travels abroad.if型的省略结构型的省略结构在if引导的条

35、件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。常见的结构有：if any 如果有的话如果有的话if not 如果不是如果不是if so 如果这样的话如果这样的话if ever 如果有过如果有过/发生过的话发生过的话,常与常与seldom连用，表连用，表“极少，难得极少，难得”if+形容词形容词：If necessary,I will go there by myself.I suggest you make a copy of the document,if possible.Send the goods now if ready.1 The Unite

36、d Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain,Englandmany people are confused by what these different names mean.So what is the difference between them,if any?Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.2 Inthe 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingd

37、om of England.Later,in the 18th century,the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.In the 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the U

38、K,which resulted in the full name:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom”or“the UK”.People from the UK are called“British”,which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.2 Inthe 16th century,the n

39、earby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.Later,in the 18th century,the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.In the 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Finally,in the 20th century,the

40、southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom”or“the UK”.People from the UK are called“British”,which means the UK is also often referred to as Brita

41、in or Great Britain.2 Inthe 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.Later,in the 18th century,the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.In the 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britai

42、n and Ireland.Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom”or“the UK”.People from the UK are called“British”,which m

43、eans the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.However,they also have some differences.For exam

44、ple,England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems.They also have their own traditions,like their own national days and national dishes.And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!3 The four countries that belong

45、 to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.However,they also have some differences.For example,England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal sys

46、tems.They also have their own traditions,like their own national days and national dishes.And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,

47、as well as share the same currency and military defence.However,they also have some differences.For example,England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems.They also have their own traditions,like their own national days and national dishes.And they

48、 even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.However,they also have some differences.Fo

49、r example,England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems.They also have their own traditions,like their own national days and national dishes.And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!4 The United Kingdom has a

50、 long and interesting history to explore,which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.The first group,the Roman