Unit 5 Understanding ideas 课件--(2022）新外研版高中选择性必修第二册《英语》.pptx

1、目录页contentsPre-readingILanguage pointsFast readingIIHomeworkIntensive readingIIIVIPost-readingPre-reading Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions.1.What animals can you see in the picture?Students own answers.Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions.2.What kind of ch

2、anges would take place if cats,rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this?They would hunt the birds and eat the native vegetation,thus upsetting the local ecological balance.Background Information Pre-reading Macquarie Island UNESCO World Heritage CentreMacquarie Island(34 km long

3、x 5 km wide)is an oceanic island in the Southern Ocean,lying 1,500 km south-east of Tasmania and approximately halfway between Australia and the Antarctic continent.The island is the exposed crest of the undersea Macquarie Ridge,raised to its present position where the Indo-Australian tectonic plate

4、 meets the Pacific plate.It is a major Background Information Pre-reading geoconservation significance,being the only place on earth where rocks from the earths mantle(6 km below the ocean floor)are being actively exposed above sea-level.These unique exposures include excellent examples of pillow ba

5、salts and other extrusive rocks.Fast reading Fast readingRead the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie Island.Non-native species introduced to Macquarie Island attacked native birds,and led to a substantial reduction of bird population and even the extinction of parakeets.In addition,non-

6、native species ate and devastated the native Fast readingRead the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie Island.vegetation.All of this played a part in upsetting the natural harmony of the island.But now the islands ecology is on the road to recovery with human efforts.Fast readingChoose th

7、e authors purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.1.To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.2.To inform readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by humans.3.To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.4.To suggest ways in whi

8、ch an ecosystem can be protected.Fast readingChoose the authors purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.Para 2:.Its a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island.Para 6:So,I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to track this problem.The first

9、 step.Many examples also give clues to the authors purpose in writing the passage.IIIIntensive reading Intensive reading:Find detailed informationOrganize information from the passage and complete the flow chart.To live there.Rats and mice were brought there by accident,and they took over the island

10、,eating the birds eggs and attacking baby birds.ACTION(S)PURPOSE(S)RESULT(S)Humans arrived on Macquarie Island.Intensive reading:Find detailed informationOrganize information from the passage and complete the chart.Cats were brought to the island.To control the rats and mice.The cats developed an ap

11、petite for the birds.ACTION(S)PURPOSE(S)RESULT(S)Intensive reading:Find detailed informationRabbits were introduced to the island.To provide food for humans.the exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats.This led to more cats hunting the birds.As a result,parakeets died out in

12、1891.Organize information from the passage and complete the chart.ACTION(S)PURPOSE(S)RESULT(S)Rabbits multiplied and caused soil erosion,and Intensive reading:Find detailed informationA virus was released onto the island.To remove all the rabbits from the island.Substantial reduction of rabbit popul

13、ation led to cats killing more native birds.Organize information from the passage and complete the chart.ACTION(S)PURPOSE(S)RESULT(S)Intensive reading:Find detailed informationTraps and dogs were used.To catch the cats.Organize information from the passage and complete the chart.ACTION(S)PURPOSE(S)R

14、ESULT(S)The departure of the cats resulted in an increasing population of rats and mice.And the rabbit population exploded once again.Intensive reading:Find detailed informationPoison and dogs were used.To remove all the remaining invading species.The island was pest-free and its ecology is on the r

15、oad to recovery.Organize information from the passage and complete the chart.ACTION(S)PURPOSE(S)RESULT(S)Post-reading Now talk about how human interference led to such severe consequence for Macquarie Island.Post-reading:Think and share 1.What is your understanding of “.we humans owe it to the islan

16、d to give it a happy ending”?Post-reading:Think and shareShare your own answers.2.Do you think it was right to eradicate the“pests”from Macquarie Island?Give your reasons.Post-reading:Think and shareShare your own answers.3.How could similar situations be avoided in the future?Post-reading:Think and

17、 shareTo avoid similar situations in the future,we should protect the natural ecosystem and be aware of the potential impact that human activities can have on ecosystems.4.What language can you use to talk about cause and effect?How would you apply it to your reading and writing?Post-reading:Think a

18、nd shareShare your own answers.Language points 1）设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住）设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住 Eg:Its cruel to trap birds.捕鸟是残忍的。捕鸟是残忍的。2）把）把困住；使陷入困境困住；使陷入困境 Eg:Having been trapped in traffic,he was late for work.因为交通堵塞，他上班迟到了。因为交通堵塞，他上班迟到了。Language points:Important words1.trap v.（trapped,trapped）Language points:Importan

19、t wordstrap n.1)陷阱；夹子；罗网陷阱；夹子；罗网 set a trap for mice 设夹子捉老鼠设夹子捉老鼠 2)（陷害人的）圈套；诡计陷害人的）圈套；诡计 fall into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套 3)牢笼；困境牢笼；困境 Some people feel that marriage is a trap.有人认为婚姻是牢笼。有人认为婚姻是牢笼。Language points:Important wordsn.dramaadj.dramaticC（一出）戏；戏剧性事件（一出）戏；戏剧性事件U 戏剧；戏剧艺术；戏剧文学戏剧；戏剧艺术；戏剧文学1.戏剧的；戏剧性的戏

20、剧的；戏剧性的the dramatic arts 戏剧艺术戏剧艺术2.突然的突然的a dramatic increase 剧增剧增3.给人印象深刻的给人印象深刻的a dramatic victory 激动人心的胜利激动人心的胜利adv.显著地；戏剧地；引人注目地显著地；戏剧地；引人注目地 2.dramatically 3.harmony n.和谐；和睦；融洽和谐；和睦；融洽Language points:Important words and expressionsIn this heavenly world,people live in perfect harmony with nature

21、.在这天堂般的世界里，人与自然和谐相处。在这天堂般的世界里，人与自然和谐相处。harmonious adj.和谐的；和睦的；和谐的；和睦的；harmonious society 和谐社会和谐社会 The“Chinese Dream”is a dream to improve peoples well-being and a dream of harmony,peace and development.中国梦是提高人民幸福感的梦，是和谐、和平与发展的梦。中国梦是提高人民幸福感的梦，是和谐、和平与发展的梦。4.explode v.Language points:Important words an

22、d expressionsThe firework exploded in his hand.那个爆竹在他手里响了。那个爆竹在他手里响了。2)（感情、暴力事件感情、暴力事件）爆发；激增爆发；激增 explode with anger 勃然大怒勃然大怒Floridas population exploded after World War.二战后，佛罗里达州的人口迅速增加。二战后，佛罗里达州的人口迅速增加。1)使爆炸使爆炸 explode a bomb 引爆炸弹引爆炸弹 1.fail to do sth2.in harmony with3.develop an appetite for4.be

23、introduced to 5.soil erosion6.out of control未能做成某事未能做成某事与与和谐和谐被引入被引入土壤侵蚀土壤侵蚀失控失控对对产生兴趣产生兴趣Language points:Important words and expressions 7.remove.from8.decrease from.to9.in consequence10.turn out11.a substantial number of12.once and for all13.every last14.owe it to sb to do sth 结果；因此结果；因此原来是；结果是，证明

24、是原来是；结果是，证明是大量的大量的每一个每一个(认为认为)应该应该为某人做某事为某人做某事彻底地；一劳永逸地彻底地；一劳永逸地从从移走移走/去除去除从从减少到减少到Language points:Important words and expressions 1.Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants,including royal penguins,king penguins,and elephant seals,existed in perfect harmony with their natural habit

25、at for thousands of years.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:They couldnt help but imagine how its native inhabitants,including royal penguins,king penguins,and elephant seals,existed in complete unity with their natural habitat for thousands of years.Language points:Important sentences例：

26、例：1)He didnt quit his job,nor was he fired.他没有辞职，也没有被解雇。他没有辞职，也没有被解雇。2)They couldnt understand it at the time,and nor could we.他们那时无法理解这件事，我们也理解不了。他们那时无法理解这件事，我们也理解不了。具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。本句中nor 为否定词，它所引导的句子要用倒装语序，常见结构为：Nor+助动词助动词 /be 动词动词 /情态动词情态动词 +主语主语 +谓语谓语 +其它成分其它

27、成分 Language points:Important sentences1)Never before have I seen such a moving film.2)By no means will we give up.3)Hardly had I entered the classroom when the bell rang.具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。类似副词和短语还有：never,seldom,little,few,rarely,nowhere,not until,hardlywhen,no soone

28、r than,not only but also,in no way,by no means,under no circumstances etc.Language points:Important sentencesfail 的其它固定搭配的其它固定搭配：fail in doing sth例：He failed in persuading Mary to go there with him.他没能说服玛丽和他一起去。他没能说服玛丽和他一起去。fail to do sth 未能做成某事未能做成某事例:The great bridge cannot fail to stop you in you

29、r tracks.这座宏伟的大桥一定会让你止步观赏。这座宏伟的大桥一定会让你止步观赏。2.Unfortunately,the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds,too.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:Unfortunately,the cats subsequently began to eat the birds,too.develop an appetite for.develop a taste for.对对产生兴趣产生兴趣develop an inter

30、est in.develop a close friendship with.与与产生亲密的友谊产生亲密的友谊develop the habit of.养成养成的习惯的习惯develop(an)immunity to.对对产生免疫力产生免疫力 Language points:Important sentences例:1）Suzy developed an interest in violin when she was just a child.Suzy 还是小孩子的时候，就对小提琴产生了兴趣。2）He has developed the habit of reading before goin

31、g to bed.他已经养成了睡前阅读的习惯。3）They have developed(an)immunity to the virus.他们已经对病毒产生了免疫力。3.Loose on the island,they did what rabbits do best they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes,which caused soil erosion.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:Rabbits wer

32、e free on the island and they did what rabbits do best they increased their numbers rapidly and began eating the local plants,flowers,etc and digging holes,which caused soil erosion.Language points:Important sentences1）We reached the top of the mountain.We were tired and hungry.形容词（短语）作状语的用法：形容词（短语）

33、作状语的用法：其逻辑主语为句子的主语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，是由主语相同的两个句子改写而成的。是由主语相同的两个句子改写而成的。=We reached the top of the mountain,tired and hungry.我们到达山顶。感觉又累又饿。我们到达山顶。感觉又累又饿。=Satisfied with it,Jane bought the book immediately.Jane对这本书很满意，立刻就买了下来。对这本书很满意，立刻就买了下来。2）Jane was satisfied with it.She bought the book immediately.4.Thi

34、s in turn led to more cats hunting the birds.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:As a result,this led to more cats hunting the birds.in turn 依次；轮流。还可以表示结果，相当于依次；轮流。还可以表示结果，相当于as a result，和，和下文下文中的中的 in consequence 同义。同义。例：例：1）The grape production declined greatly this year which in turn br

35、ought a rise in its price.今年的葡萄产量大幅度下降，因此价格上涨了。今年的葡萄产量大幅度下降，因此价格上涨了。2）He was over the age limit and in consequence,his application was rejected.他已超过了年龄限制，因此他的申请被拒绝了。他已超过了年龄限制，因此他的申请被拒绝了。5.They have been trained to find every last one,without harming the native animals.Language points:Important sente

36、ncesParaphrase:They have been trained to find all the remaining invading species,and at the same time,they are required not to harm the native animals.every last 与与 every single 同义，比同义，比 every 语气更强，相当于语气更强，相当于all。one 在此代替前一句话中所说的在此代替前一句话中所说的 the last remaining invading species。例：1)My sister ate ever

37、y last biscuit.我妹妹吃掉了所有的饼干。我妹妹吃掉了所有的饼干。2)He captured every last detail.他抓住了每一个细节。他抓住了每一个细节。6.This intervention is a long,much-delayed ending to a sad story,but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.Language points:Important sentencesParaphrase:This intervention is an ending to a s

38、ad story which takes a long time and is delayed much,but its our responsibility to give the island a happy ending.Language points:Important sentencesowe it to sb to do sth 应该为某人做某事应该为某人做某事 例：例：1）We owe it to the heroes to build a memorial.我们应该为这些英雄建一座纪念碑。我们应该为这些英雄建一座纪念碑。2）We owe it to our children to clean up the environment.我们应该为孩子们治理环境。我们应该为孩子们治理环境。VIHomeworkHomework Write a short passage about how human interference led to great changes in your hometown.