Unit 2 单词用法讲解2ppt课件-(2022）新外研版高中《英语》选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、版本：新外研版本：新外研单元：选择性必修一单元：选择性必修一 Unit 2(Starting out Using language)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.debt词块：fall/get/go/run into debt;in debt;out of debt;pay off ones debts2.pace近义词：step,speed词块：pace of life;at ones own pace;keep pace(with sb/sth)3.inform词根词缀：in-(into-进入)+form(to shape 形成)使进入内心形成看法 使了解 通知(正式用语)派生词：inf

2、ormation词块：inform sb about/of sth,inform sb that 4.dread词块：dread doing sth5.rarely构词法：rare+-ly近义词：seldom；反义词：frequently/often6.overnight over-(越过)+night(夜晚)7.rejectionreject+-ionreject：re-(向后、往回)+-ject(扔)往回扔 拒绝8.nevertheless 正式用语9.persevere词块：persevere with;persevere in(doing)sth派生词：perseverance10.c

3、riticism构词法：critic(批评家)+-ism(抽象名词后缀)反义词：praise11.manuscript词根词缀：manu-(手)+-script(写)手写 手稿12.classicclassic 来自class(阶级)，特指古罗马有能力组织军队和响应军事号召的阶级 一等阶级、最高级，或经典、一流词块：classics of English literature,a classic mistake/example；同族词：class,classic,classical 13.guarantee词块：guarantee that;guarantee to do sth14.deli

4、ghteddelight+-ed词块：(be)delighted at/by/with sth;(be)delighted to do sth;(be)delighted(that)注：不能用very修饰delighted15.outcome构词法：out(向外)+come(出来)结果近义词：result16.worthwhile构词法：worth+while 词块：a worthwhile cause,its worthwhile doing/to do sth17.enthusiastic同族词：enthusiasm,enthusiast,enthusiastic,enthusiastic

5、ally词块：be enthusiastic about18.contest词根词缀：con-(with,together 一起)+test(测试)一起来测试 比赛注意名词和动词发音不同19.upset构词法：up(adv)+set(v)v 一词多义，基本义“打翻”adj 英语释义：worried and unhappy 词块：be upset about/at/by/over sth,be upset to do sth20.elect词根词缀：e-(out 出)+lect(gather,choose 选择)选出 选举同根词：select,collect词块：elect sb to/(as)

6、sth,elect to do sth派生词：election(a general election)inform 重重难难点点词词精精讲讲一词多义一词多义 upset 一词多义一词多义英语释义英语释义guarantee英语释义英语释义正式用语与正式用语与非正式用语非正式用语elect英语释义英语释义pacedebt熟词生义熟词生义搭配义搭配义前缀前缀over-频度副词频度副词习语习语idomsdebtheavily in debt债台高筑债台高筑债务自由债务自由debtn C&U 债务；欠债；人情债：债务；欠债；人情债：They will send kids to college whate

7、ver it takes,even if that means a huge amount of debts.2011 山东fall/get/go/run into debt 借债；负债：借债；负债：Its much easier to get into debt than to get out of debt.in debt(to sb)欠（某人）债；受（某人）恩惠：欠（某人）债；受（某人）恩惠：Nearly half the college students said they were in(serious)debt.Im in debt to him for his help.out

8、of debt 不欠债不欠债pay off ones debts 还清债务还清债务pace“生活节奏生活节奏”用英文如何表达？用英文如何表达？pace of lifepace n C 一步一步(step)：Walk/Take ten paces forward.U常用单数速度；进度：常用单数速度；进度：He walked at a fast pace.Students study at their own pace and the teachers seldom set tests.pace of lifekeep pace(with sb/sth)（与某人（与某人/事物）并驾齐驱；事物）并驾

9、齐驱；步调一致步调一致 vi&vt 踱步踱步inform从从A、B选项中选出正确的答案，体会两者的差异。选项中选出正确的答案，体会两者的差异。1.Can you kindly _ me where the supermarket is?2.We are very sorry to _ you that your flight has been delayed.A.tell B.inform二者是正式用语和非正式用语的区别。inform是正式用语，一般用于正式的、文字性或广播性的公告，而tell则是日常用语。AB 正式用语正式用语 通知；告诉通知；告诉 to tell sb about sth,

10、especially in an official way：inform sb about/of sth:Bees fly in circles to inform their partners about/of food or danger.inform sb+(that)/wh-从句从句：We would like to inform all passengers that the restaurant car is now open.inform词源解读：词源解读：in-(into-进入)+form(to shape 形成)使进入内心形成看法 使了解 通知inform vt词根词根 fo

11、rmform（shape 形状）uni-:一(one)uniform-al:的(of)formal词根词根词缀词缀单词单词派生词派生词form（to form 形成）per-:彻底地(thoroughly)performperformancein-:入(into)informtrans-:到另一方(across)transformtransformationre-:再(again)reform-ation(名词后缀)formation-erformerguarantee看图猜词：看图猜词：打开购物网站时，琳琅满目而分类细致的商品就会呈现在我们面前。购物时，是否注意到了商品上的这些标注呢？它们是

12、什么意思呢？guarantee和和warrant都是保证的意思。都是保证的意思。warrant侧重保证退侧重保证退换；换；guarantee侧重对产品侧重对产品质量的保证。质量的保证。n C 保证保证 a firm promise that sth will be done or that sth will happen：give a guarantee of good behaviorWealth is no guarantee of happiness.保修单；质量保证书：保修单；质量保证书：They offer a two-year guarantee on all their elec

13、trical goods.guarantee vt 保证；确保；担保保证；确保；担保：Talent alone isnt enough to guarantee success.guarantee+(that)从句从句：Consistent,hard work will guarantee that you will become good at whatever it is.2013 广东改 guarantee to do sth:We guarantee to behave ourselves tomorrow.提供保修单：提供保修单：If you have the watch clean

14、ed here,we can guarantee it for an additional three months.2009 天津 guarantee 语义网络图语义网络图会做某事或会做某事或使某事发生使某事发生的的“保证保证”保证保证产品质量的产品质量的“保证保证”保修单；质保修单；质量保证书量保证书保证保证基本义基本义guarantee保证；确保；保证；确保；担保担保提供保修单提供保修单nv2016年很火的一个段子：友谊的小船说翻就翻。你知道船翻了如何表达吗？The boat was upset.图中小船被打翻也正好诠释了upset的基本义打翻。upset词源upset(v.)“to s

15、et up,fix,”from up(adv.)+set(v.)upsetupset源于set up（建立）。set up和upset有什么关系呢？upset(upset,upset)vt 弄翻；打翻：upset a bowl of soupThe life boat was upset by the waves.打乱；搅乱（计划、安排等）：He arrived an hour late and upset our plan.使生气；使心烦意乱 to make sb worry or feel unhappy：This decision is likely to upset a lot of

16、people.使（肠胃）不适:upset adj（肠胃）不适的：an upset stomach 不用于名词前 心烦意乱的；难过的 worried and unhappy：Then the friend moved away and the writer was extremely upset.【词汇拓展】upsetting adj 令人心烦意乱的分词形容词(be)upset to do sth:She was very upset to hear that the holiday had been cancelled.(be)upset+that 从句：Annes sister Margot

17、 was very upset that the family had to move.(be)upset about/at/by/over sth:My parents were in a huge argument,and I was really upset about it.be upset with sb:Youre not still upset with me,are you?词块upset 语义网络语义网络图图打翻upset基本义打翻物体打翻计划打翻心情使生气；使心烦意乱打乱；搅乱（计划、安排等）弄翻；打翻弄翻；打翻打翻胃使（肠胃）不适(肠胃)不适的心烦意乱的；难过的具体抽象

18、人v adj由“小品词+动词”构成的合成词up+set upset vout+come outcome nin+put input v&nout+put output v&nin+take intake nin+come income nout+look outlook n 使心烦结果输入产量摄入量收入观点elect2021年1月6日，美国国会举行联席会议，确认美国总统大选结果。1月7日凌晨，美国国会确认民主党人乔拜登赢得306张选举人票，在总统选举选举中获胜。The US Congress certified Democrat Joe Bidens presidential election

19、 victory with 306 Electoral College votes.elect vt常用于被动语态选举；推选常用于被动语态选举；推选 to choose sb for an official position by voting：elect sb to sth:Ill never forget being elected to the student council.elect sb(as)sth:They elected Smith(as)mayor.正式用语选择；决定正式用语选择；决定 to choose to do sth:elect to do sth:He has e

20、lected to become a doctor.election n C&U 选举；推选：选举；推选：a general election e-(out 出)+lect(gather,choose 选择)选出 选举同根词：select,collectelect 词源解读词源解读频度副词频度副词rarely,frequently等等neverhardly(scarcely formal)rarely(seldom formal)alwaysusually(normally formal)often(frequently formal)occasionally（adv 偶尔）偶尔）someti

21、mes反义词反义词反义词反义词反义词反义词前缀前缀over-写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义，体会前缀写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义，体会前缀 over-的含义。的含义。1.The wind will get stronger overnight,bringing a fresh bright morning,clear skies,and hot sunny day all over.（2010 北京）_2.You should wear an overcoat in such a cold day._3.The house was small and charming,overlooki

22、ng a quiet lake.（2015 天津改）_4.His uncle tells him that if his cousin wins the competition,the family will win an overseas tour for free.（2016 江苏）_在夜间在夜间大衣大衣 /外套外套俯瞰俯瞰国外的国外的5.Were it not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.（2017 江苏）_6.Researchers observed how

23、overweight children lost more weight when they cycled and skied crosscountry than when they played sports.（2014 陕西改）_7.It is unusual to see many birds flying overhead in the summertime,rather than during the periods in the spring or autumn._前缀前缀 over-意为意为“above,across”，以此类词缀开头的单词大多都，以此类词缀开头的单词大多都含有含

24、有“在在之上之上”“”“横过横过”之意。之意。克服克服超重的超重的在空中在空中英语习语英语习语英语中有很多习语（idioms），是人们经过长时间的使用提炼出来的含有特殊意义的固定词语组合，其真正的意义和字面意义往往相差甚远，不好理解和记忆。学习时，可以借助习语背后的词源故事或文化内涵来理解和学习，加深对它们的认知深度。as cool as a cucumberas cool as a cucumber 这则习语最早出现在约翰盖伊（John Gay）在1732年的诗作 New Song on New Similes。黄瓜是一种清凉的食物，即使是在非常热的天气里，它内部的温度也会比周围的空气低大约

25、20度。所以，说一个人像黄瓜一样凉是在形容这个人很冷静、镇静、泰然自若。Hearing the news,everyone in the room felt nervous except Tracy she looked as cool as a cucumber.wet blanketwet blanket 这个习语可能来自扑灭大火的一种老办法：要是着火了，而你又没有其他灭火用具的话，那就可以用打湿的毯子来扑盖火苗。所以就产生了这样一个习惯说法：throw a wet blanket on。这个说法相当于汉语里的一句俗语：给人当头泼凉水。人们逐渐引申了这个说法，用 a wet blanket

26、 来比喻把周围兴高采烈的人们都弄得热情冷却的一个人。My mom is a wet blanket because whenever my dad thinks of a funactivity,she is always against it.laughing stocklaughing stock 笑柄；中世纪英格兰，如果进行小偷小摸或其他比较恶劣的捣乱破坏行为等的人被抓住，会被绑到一个颈手枷（stock 本义是树干，引申指用木头制作的固定装置）上，人们会谴责和讥讽这个人的行为。His silly behaviour made him a laughing stock of the off

27、ice.eager beaver英语中，eager beaver 是一个很有意思的习语，beaver 是海狸，它的中文意思不是指“热切的海狸”。海狸被称为“野生世界中的建筑师”，因而代指勤劳的人，所以 eager beaver 的意思是“干活特别卖力的人；对工作极有热忱的人”。常用于形容一个能任劳任怨的员工。The new secretary is an eager beaver.Although she comes to work at seven every day,shes the last to leave in the evening.do the trick数羊是著名的治疗失眠的简

28、便方法。这种习俗起源于西方文化，一般来讲让无法入睡的人进行无限只羊的想像，想像中一只只绵羊从矮栅栏上跳过，每跳一只就数一个数，直到因重复、无聊的数数起作用让数羊者在不知不觉中进入睡眠状态。用一句习惯用语来说，这就是：“do the trick奏效；达到预期效果”。These pills should do the trick.Youll feel much better in no time.本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.Its much easier to get into debt than to get out of debt.2.We would like to inform all

29、 passengers that the restaurant car is now open.3.Wealth is no guarantee of happiness.4.Talent alone isnt enough to guarantee success.5.Consistent,hard work will guarantee that you will become good at whatever it is.2013 广东改6.My parents were in a huge argument,and I was really upset about it.随堂检测随堂检

30、测一、一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.It is reported that the company ran up huge debts._2.He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe him._二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.The club is 4 million _（负债）.2.He managed to _（还清债务）in two years.三、根据所给词块，三、根据所给词块，将句子译成英语。将句子译成英

31、语。欠债容易还债难。(fall/get/go/run into debt)_debtin debtpay off his debts巨额债务巨额债务 人情债人情债Its much easier to fall/get/go/run into debt than to get out of debt.一、根据使用场合，选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空。一、根据使用场合，选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空。(inform,tell)1.If accepted for the job,youll be _ soon.（2015 北京）2.When my mother got home,I _ her ab

32、out my discovery.二、根据所给汉语，用二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块适当的词块完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.The leaflet（传单）is to _（告知游客）the Parks thoughtful services.（2013 江苏）2.We regret to _（通知你你的申请被拒绝了）.informinform visitors of/aboutinform you that your application has been rejectedinformedtoldguarantee写出下列句子中写出下列句子中画线部分画线部分的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.We

33、guarantee to complete our mission._2.Im planning to hold a party in the open air,but I can make no guarantees because it depends on the weather._3.Higher educational evaluation（评估）is the main pattern（模式）of educational quality guarantee._ 4.I can offer my land as a guarantee._5.The car is still under

34、 guarantee,so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge._保证保证不能保证不能保证 质量保证质量保证抵押品抵押品 在保修期内在保修期内upset一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.（2013 辽宁）_2.The fact that he has failed several times makes

35、 him very upset._二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset _ Goldie.（2010 北京）2.Nobel was upset _(find)out that he hadnt discovered the truth.（2009 广东改）3.Walking towards the scene,Tenyson became very upset _ what had happened to the couple.（2014 福建）使生气；使心烦

36、意乱心烦意乱的；难过的aboutto findwithelect在空白处填入在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Increasing numbers of people elect _(work)from home nowadays.2.The group elected one of its members _(be)their spokesperson.3.The school board（校董会）is made up of parents who have _(elect)to make decisions about school affairs.（2013 上海）4.Besides,I have such a good command（掌握）of English that I am elected _ assistant to my English teacher.（2015 陕西）5.The recent _(elect)has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.（2013 湖南改）been electedasto work to beelection谢谢观赏