Unit 1 Science Fiction 单元复习-ppt课件--(2022)高中英语新人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册 .pptx

1、1._ n.小说；虚构的事小说；虚构的事2._ n.意外收获；奖金；红利意外收获；奖金；红利3._ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的4._ n.诚实正直；完整；完好诚实正直；完整；完好5._ n.薪水；薪金薪水；薪金6._ adj.荒谬的，荒唐的荒谬的，荒唐的7._ n.指甲指甲;趾甲趾甲;钉子钉子 vt.(用钉子用钉子)钉钉牢牢;固定固定8._ vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓悬；挂；暂停；暂缓fiction bonus ridiculous integrity salary absurd nail suspend9._ n.梯子；阶梯梯子；阶梯10._ vt.让让(某人某人)离

2、开；解散；解雇；消除离开；解散；解雇；消除11._ conj.然而；但是；尽管然而；但是；尽管12._ n.谣言；传闻谣言；传闻13._ n.车费；船费；飞机票价车费；船费；飞机票价14._ adj.每周的每周的 n.周刊周刊15._ n.面粉；面粉；(谷物磨成的谷物磨成的)粉粉16._ n.活动场所活动场所(如音乐厅、会场等如音乐厅、会场等)17._ n.外星人外星人(生物生物)；外国人；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的陌生的；外星的；外国的 ladder dismiss whereas rumour fare weekly flour venue alien18._ adj.更好的更

3、好的;占优势的占优势的;(级别级别)更好的更好的19._ n.劳动劳动(者者)；体力劳动；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作奋斗；努力工作20._ n.皮革；皮革；pl.皮衣，皮外套皮衣，皮外套21._ n.操纵杆；杠杆操纵杆；杠杆22._ n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组23._ n.英寸英寸24._ vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧紧握；抓紧25._ adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的26._ n.侄女；外甥女侄女；外甥女27._ vt.(去去)拿来；拿来；(去去)请来请来 superior labour leather lever panel inch gr

4、ip hazy niece fetch28._ n.手帕；纸巾手帕；纸巾29._ n.灯；台灯灯；台灯30._ n.速度；步伐；节奏速度；步伐；节奏 vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏确定速度；调整节奏31._ n.(烟、气等的烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息一缕；少量；喘息32._ adj.随机的；不可思议的随机的；不可思议的33._ n.震动；摇晃；颠簸震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt.&vi.(使使)震动，摇晃震动，摇晃34._ vt.&vi.(使使)快速翻转快速翻转(用手指用手指)轻抛轻抛35._ vt.使震惊；使昏迷使震惊；使昏迷 handkerchief lamp pace puff random

5、 jolt flip stun1._ n.庄重；庄严；尊严庄重；庄严；尊严_ vt.使有尊严使有尊严;使变得庄严使变得庄严;使变得高贵使变得高贵 2._ v.任命；委任；安排任命；委任；安排_ n.预约；约会；委任预约；约会；委任3._ n.售货员；销售员售货员；销售员_ n.女女售货员；女销售员售货员；女销售员4._ n.内疚；悔恨；有罪内疚；悔恨；有罪_ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 dignity dignify appoint appointment salesman saleswoman guilt guilty5._ vt.表明；宣称；公布表明；宣称；公

6、布 _ n.宣言；公布宣言；公布6._ vt.&vi.假设；假定假设；假定_ n.假定假定;推测推测;设想设想7._ vt.计算；核算；预测计算；核算；预测_ n.计算；估计计算；估计_ n.计算器计算器8._ n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长女主席；女董事长；女委员长_ n.主席；董事长；委员长主席；董事长；委员长 declare declaration presume presumption calculate calculation calculator chairwoman chairman9._ n.克克(重量单位重量单位)_ n.千克千克10.blur v.(使使)模糊，模糊，(使使

7、)看不清楚看不清楚 n.模糊不清的事物模糊不清的事物_ adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的模糊不清的；难以区分的11.action n.行动；活动行动；活动_ n.无行动；不采取措施无行动；不采取措施_ n.反应；回应反应；回应12._ adv.向后；倒着；往回向后；倒着；往回_ adv.向前向前 gramme/gram kilogramme blurred inaction reaction backward(s)forward(s)13._ v.(使使)分开，分散分开，分散_ n.分开；分隔；差异；除分开；分隔；差异；除(法法)14._ n.强烈的欲望；冲动强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；

8、大力推荐催促；力劝；大力推荐_ adj.紧急的；迫切的紧急的；迫切的_ n.紧急；催促；紧急的事紧急；催促；紧急的事15._ adj.最大极限的最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度最大量；最大限度_ adj.最低的；最小的最低的；最小的 n.最小值最小值 divide division urge urgent urgency maximum minimum16._ vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破爆炸；爆破 _ n.爆炸爆炸;爆破爆破;激增激增;(感情等感情等)突然爆发突然爆发;迸发迸发17._ n.泥；泥浆泥；泥浆_ adj.泥泞的泥泞的18._ vt.夸大；夸张；言过其实夸大；夸张；言过其实_ n.夸

9、大；夸张夸大；夸张 explode explosion mud muddy overstate overstatement1._ 科幻小说科幻小说(或影片等或影片等)2._ 检验；测试检验；测试3._ 更像是；更接近更像是；更接近4._ 面部表情面部表情5._ 庄重地对待某人庄重地对待某人6._ 提升某人的社会地位提升某人的社会地位7._ 预约去干某事预约去干某事8._ 掉下；脱落；下降掉下；脱落；下降 science fiction test out more like facial expression treat sb with dignity improve ones social p

10、osition have an appointment to do sth fall off9._ 推开某人推开某人10._ 根据；以根据；以的方式的方式(基准基准)11._ 事物的利与弊；支持与反对事物的利与弊；支持与反对12._ 比比更好；更胜一筹更好；更胜一筹13._ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手占上风；取而代之；接管；接手14._ 与与冲突或抵触冲突或抵触15._ 喘口气，歇一下喘口气，歇一下16._ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是17._(逐渐逐渐)减少；消失减少；消失18._ 有强烈的欲望做某事有强烈的欲望做某事 push sb away on a

11、 basis pros and cons superior to take over conflict with draw a breath turn out fall away have an urge to do sth1.He seemed more like a human than a machine.(P 2)morethan 与其说与其说倒不如说倒不如说2.Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,but she gradually admired his wis

12、dom and integrity and began to trust him.(P 2)it作形式主语作形式主语3.As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.(P 2)地点地点副词谓语句首，句子要倒装副词谓语句首，句子要倒装4.It was at ten oclock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.(P 8)It was+被强调部分被强调部分+that 强调句型强调句型5.Looking around,I saw my laboratory exa

13、ctly as before.(P 8)现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语6.So long as I travelled at maximum speed,it didnt matter.(P 9)so long as 只要，如果；引导条件状语从句只要，如果；引导条件状语从句1.appointment n.预约；约会；委任预约；约会；委任She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop.(P 2)keep an appointment 守约守约break an app

14、ointment 违约违约make/have an appointment with sb.与某人有与某人有约会约会appointment sb as/to be 任命某人为任命某人为appoint vt.任命；委派；约定任命；委派；约定 appoint sb to do sth【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Good morning.Id like to _ Mr.Lee for next Wednesday afternoon.早上好。我想预约下周三下午和李先生见面。早上好。我想预约下周三下午和李先生见面。2)We must realize that _ is a contra

15、ct that is silently agreed.我们必须意识到守约就是履行一个默认的合同我们必须意识到守约就是履行一个默认的合同。3)Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _(appoint)to guard her.Amie Salmon,残疾残疾,委派一位护士全程陪她上学委派一位护士全程陪她上学。make an appointment withkeeping appointmentsappointed2.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布表明；宣称；公布She heard hi

16、m declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.(P 3)declare sb/sth to be 宣布某人宣布某人/某事是某事是declare for/against 表示赞成表示赞成/反对反对declare war(on/against)(向向)宣战宣战declare sth open/closed 宣布宣布开始开始/结束结束【语境应用语境应用】翻译下面句子翻译下面句子。1)她说自己非常伤心，因为她没有得到支持她

17、说自己非常伤心，因为她没有得到支持。2)这地区已宣布为国家公园这地区已宣布为国家公园。3)法庭宣布这场活动是非法的。法庭宣布这场活动是非法的。She declared herself extremely hurt by her lack of support.The area has been declared(to be)a national park.The court declared that the campaign was illegal.3.calculate vt.计算；核算；预测计算；核算；预测They believe if AI can handle tasks like

18、calculating and driving for us,we will have more time for creating,thinking,and“being human”.(P 4)calculate on sth.预计预计某事某事be calculated to do sth.打算做某事打算做某事calculable adj.可计算的；可估计可计算的；可估计的的calculated adj.精心计划精心计划的的calculation n.计算计算；估计估计 calculator n.计算器计算器【语境应用语境应用】用用calculate的适当形式填空的适当形式填空。1)I _

19、its a waste of time.2)According to our _,2,000 jobs will be lost.3)Some of the consequences of this failure are _ and some are not.calculate calculation(s)calculable4.superior adj.更好的更好的;占优势的占优势的;(在级别或重要性上在级别或重要性上)更高的更高的In sci-fi stories,robots often become superior and take over.(P 6)be superior to

20、 比比更好更好/强；更胜一筹强；更胜一筹be inferior to 比比差差be senior to 比比年长年长/资质深资质深be junior to 比比年幼年幼/资历浅资历浅superior n.上级上级，级别级别(或或地位、地位、职位职位)更更高的高的人人【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好。这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好。2)我我要去找你的上级投诉。要去找你的上级投诉。3)就这两本书而言，我认为这本更好。就这两本书而言，我认为这本更好。This western restaurant is superior to the one we w

21、ent to last week.Im going to complain to your superiors.Of the two books,I think this one is superior.5.urge n.强烈的欲望强烈的欲望 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐催促；力劝；大力推荐I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!(P 8)urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事催促某人做某事urge that (should)do sth 极力主张极

22、力主张/强调强调have/feel an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事有强烈的欲望做某事urge sb on 鼓励某人、激励某人鼓励某人、激励某人urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的紧急的；迫切的urgency n.紧迫；急迫；急事紧迫；急迫；急事【语境应用语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1)他受到同事的鼓励而参加竞选他受到同事的鼓励而参加竞选。_ _ by his colleagues,he stood for election.2)我我听到这个消息很生气，突然很想揍他一顿听到这个消息很生气，突然很想揍他一顿。I was

23、 very angry at the news,and _ _ _ _ _ hit him.3)警方正竭力劝说看到此次事故的人立刻联系他们警方正竭力劝说看到此次事故的人立刻联系他们。Police _ _ anyone who saw the accident _ _ them immediately.Urged on had/felt a sudden urge to are urging to contact/should contactIn sci-fi stories,robots often become superior and take over.(P 6)1.take over

24、占上风；取而代之；接手；接管占上风；取而代之；接手；接管take away 拿走拿走take back 收回收回(话话);使回忆起使回忆起take off 脱下脱下;起飞起飞;开始走红开始走红take in 吸收吸收;理解理解;欺骗欺骗take on 呈现呈现;承担承担;聘用聘用take up 开始从事开始从事;占据占据(空间空间);占用占用(时间时间)【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Dont be taken _ by his charm-he is ruthless.2)His business began to take _ after he took _ some

25、professional experts.3)The company decided to take _ a new secretary to take _ Mr.Smith who was to retire.4)He was taken _ to begin a prison sentence.5)Youd better take _ what you said!offawayoveroninonbackNight came as if a lamp was being turned out,and in another moment came the day.(P 8)2.turn ou

26、t 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是turn down 拒绝拒绝;把把(声音声音)调调低低 turn back 返回返回,退回退回 turn away 走开走开;转身转身;不让不让进入进入;拒绝拒绝(同情等同情等)turn to 开始开始,着手着手;转向转向turn up 出现出现,发现发现;增加增加turn over 移交移交;翻身翻身;使翻转使翻转【语境应用语境应用】用含用含turn的短语的正确形式填空的短语的正确形式填空。1)We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30,but he failed to _.2)Wit

27、h no one to _ for help,she felt quite sad.3)Though it seemed to rain this morning,it has _ to be a fine day.4)All the seats were sold and a large crowd had to be _.5)He was poor but proud and _ every offer of help.turned downturn up turn to turned outturned away3.fall away(逐渐逐渐)减少；消失减少；消失As my pace

28、grew faster,the walls of the laboratory fell away,and I was left in the open air.(P 8)fall down (建筑物建筑物)破旧不堪；不足破旧不堪；不足;不够不够好好fall for 上上的当的当，对，对倾心，倾心，迷恋迷恋fall in with 无意间碰到无意间碰到fall through 落空，失败落空，失败fall off (从从某物某物上上)掉下掉下，脱落，脱落【语境应用语境应用】汉译英汉译英。1)Ben说说他他对对Ann一见钟情。一见钟情。2)Macro在在大学里无意间碰到了一伙奇怪的人。大学里无意

29、间碰到了一伙奇怪的人。3)由于由于缺少资金，这个项目最终还是失败了缺少资金，这个项目最终还是失败了。4)我们所有的疑惑逐渐消退。我们所有的疑惑逐渐消退。Ben said that he fell for Ann the moment he set eyes on her.Marco fell in with a strange crowd of people at university.The project finally fell through due to lack of money.All our doubts fell away.Claire thought it was ridi

30、culous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot,but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.(P 2)1.It+be+adj.+that从句从句 it作形式主语，作形式主语，that从句是真正主语从句是真正主语it 作形式主语的常用句式：作形式主语的常用句式：It is+名词名词(a pity,a fact,a wonder)+从句从句；It is+形容词形容词(obvious,possible,strange)+从句从句；It i

31、s+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词(said,thought,believed)+从句从句 It+不及物动词不及物动词(seems,occurs,happens)+从句从句【语境应用语境应用】汉译汉译英英(用用it作形式主语句式作形式主语句式)。1)怪不得他如此生气。怪不得他如此生气。2)他这样说很正常。他这样说很正常。3)据说道路被封闭了。据说道路被封闭了。It is no wonder that she was so angry.It is natural that he(should)say so.It is reported that the road was closed.2.地点地点

32、副词置于句首构成倒装副词置于句首构成倒装As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.(P 2)以地点副词以地点副词there,here和时间副词和时间副词now，then等开头，后跟等开头，后跟be,come,go,follow,exist,lie,remain,seem,stand等，而主等，而主语又是语又是名词名词时，构成完全倒装时，构成完全倒装句；句；句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时；句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时；【注意注意】如果如果主语是主语是人称代词时则不倒装人称代词时则不倒装。以下两种情况也需要用全部倒装：以下两种情况也需要用全

33、部倒装：当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时。如：当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时。如：In front of the playground stands a newly-built house.某些表示祝愿的句子。如：某些表示祝愿的句子。如：Long live world peace!【语境应用语境应用】补全句子。补全句子。1)Here _(经理来了经理来了)you want to see.2)_.(她走了她走了)3)There _(铃响了铃响了).4)In the middle of the forest _(有一个很有一个很深的湖深的湖).comes the manage

34、rAway she went goes the bell lies a deep lakeThe passive voice一、被动语态的一、被动语态的构成构成被动语态由被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词”构成，助动词构成，助动词be随主语的随主语的人称和数及句子时态的变化而变化。以人称和数及句子时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被为例，各种时态的被动语态形式如下：动语态形式如下：时时 态态形形 式式例例 句句一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are doneVisitors are required to keep quiet.一般过去时一般过去时was/were doneT

35、he door was closed by a girl student.时时 态态形形 式式例例 句句一般将一般将来时来时shall/will be doneTheir wedding will be held in a hotel.am/is/are going to be doneYou are going to be shown around our school this afternoon.过去将过去将来时来时should/would be doneShe said that a special piece of music would be played at the end o

36、f the concert.was/were going to be doneThe news spread that a new factory was going to be built in the city.时时 态态形形 式式例例 句句现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are being doneThese old houses are being knocked down.过去进行时过去进行时was/were being doneA meeting was being held during his absence.现在完成时现在完成时has/have been doneAll th

37、e preparations have been completed.过去完成时过去完成时had been doneAll the tickets had been sold out before I arrived.二、注意二、注意事项事项1.一般将来时的被动语态还可用一般将来时的被动语态还可用“be+to be done”结构表达。结构表达。如如：About$150 million is to be spent on the project.2.在在时间或条件状语从句时间或条件状语从句中，常用中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态。

38、如。如：If I am given enough time,I will go to France for my holiday.3.“be+under/in/.+名词名词”结构可表示结构可表示现在进行时现在进行时的被动语的被动语态的含义。如态的含义。如：Sorry,the telephone is in use(=is being used)now.The problem is under discussion(=is being discussed)at the meeting.4.在在need,want,require,bear和和be worth等后常跟动词等后常跟动词-ing形式形式

39、的的主动形式，表示被动意义主动形式，表示被动意义。如。如：The red flower needs watering.This book is interesting and it is worth reading again.1.当当动词不定式与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系时，要用不定式动词不定式与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系时，要用不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式有两种：一般式的被动式：的被动式。动词不定式的被动式有两种：一般式的被动式：to be done；完成式的完成式的被动式被动式to have been done。e.g.Its nice to be wanted.The books a

40、re to be sent to the young children.2.动词不定式的被动式在句中可以作主动词不定式的被动式在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。状语、补语等。She didnt like to be treated as a child.He didnt want the subject to be mentioned in the letter.动词不定式的被动式动词不定式的被动式用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。Space Station Unity 1._(complete)within the

41、next decade,and international teams of astronauts will then be sharing quarters for long periods of time.What can 2._(do)to improve living conditions in space?Heres what former astronauts suggest:will be completed be done FoodIt doesnt taste as good in zero gravity.Food should be made spicier in ord

42、er for those effects 3._(overcome).International tastes must also 4._(consider).ClothingLayered clothing could help astronauts stay comfortable.The top layer should be designed 5._(remove)or added as temperatures vary.to be overcome be considered to be removed SleepingBecause of weightlessness,somet

43、imes sleep 6._(disturb)in space.Comfortable restraints must be provided to give a sense of stability.Emotional NeedsPeople need“down time”in space just as they do on Earth.Time ought to 7._(provide)for relaxation and privacy.is disturbed be provided1.The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall

44、 that has survived Chinas long history.It _ (build)originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复修复).(2021全国甲卷语法填全国甲卷语法填空空)2.When the house was built,it was much smaller than it is today.Marys niece wrote,“The little home _(paint)white”(2021浙江卷浙江卷)was buil

45、t was painted3.The artist was sure he would _(choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister,the old man laughed.(2020 全国卷全国卷III)4.And,as more children were born,more food _(need).(2020 浙江浙江)be chosenwas needed如何写科幻故事如何写科幻故事【写作任务写作任务】某科幻文学杂志的某科幻文学杂志的Time Travel栏目正在面向中学生

46、征稿，请栏目正在面向中学生征稿，请你写一篇英文科幻故事投稿你写一篇英文科幻故事投稿。注意：注意：1.词数词数120左右左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。一一、审题、审题定调定调本写作任务要求写一篇关于时间旅行的英文科幻故事，此类写本写作任务要求写一篇关于时间旅行的英文科幻故事，此类写作需要大胆发挥想象力。本文可首先介绍时间机器的外形和工作需要大胆发挥想象力。本文可首先介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理，其次讲述时间旅行的经历，最后谈谈你的感受作原理，其次讲述时间旅行的经历，最后谈谈你的感受。二、谋篇二、谋篇布局布局本写作任务可分为三部分本写作任务可分为三部分：

47、第一部分：介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理第一部分：介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理；第二部分：讲述时间旅行的经历第二部分：讲述时间旅行的经历；第三部分：表达时间旅行的感受。第三部分：表达时间旅行的感受。三、组织三、组织语言语言第一部分：介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理。第一部分：介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理。普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达I made a time machine after one year of study.It looks like.and has three automatic doors.I can go in and out freely.After doing resea

48、rch for one year,I invented a time machine,which is shaped like.with three automatic doors,through which I can go in and out freely.普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达It is a magic machine that can obey my thoughts and reach a place of dreams without any energy.It is so magical that it works just by reading my mind an

49、d doesnt consume any energy,taking me to the places of my dreams.普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达.when I thought of.in it,I was immediately sent to.and met my favourite boy wizard(魔法师魔法师).the moment I thought of.,in no time did I meet my best-loved boy wizard at.flashed into my mind,I instantly encountered with.第二部

50、分：讲述时间旅行的经历。第二部分：讲述时间旅行的经历。普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达.we became close friends,had adventures together and fought against bad magicians bravely.we developed close ties,experienced adventures together and confronted(对抗对抗)with the evil wizards heroically.第三部分：表达时间旅行的感受。第三部分：表达时间旅行的感受。普通表达普通表达高级表达高级表达I was happy/