Unit 4 Starting out Understanding ideas单词用法趣味解读 ppt课件--2022高中英语新外研版必修第二册.pptx

1、词词课课堂堂版本：新外研版本：新外研 单元：必修二单元：必修二 Unit 4(Starting out Using language)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.opera：歌剧诞生于16世纪末的意大利。最初，意大利人用短语opera in musica(works in music 音乐作品)来表示歌剧，后来缩写为单词opera。2.movement：move+-ment 隐喻：具体的身体部位的“活动”抽象的政治、社会等方面的“运动”3.aspect：aspect(方面)原本是一个天文学术语，表示“星体的相对位置”。它由“a-(to)+spect(to look 看)”构成，字面意思就是

2、“(星体相互)观看对方”。后来衍生出“看待事物的方式”“事物呈现出来的外观”。同根词：respect4.prince：拓展 princess,king,queen 5.version：隐喻：具体的书籍等的“版本”抽象的人描述某一事件的“版本、说法”6.string：细绳，联系rope(粗绳)7.get across：get across sth/get sth across(to sb)(向某人)解释清楚某物 8.female：正式用语(对应 woman)；拓展male(对应man)9.technique：来自词根techno-(art,skill 技术)；同根词：technology10.t

3、ransform：trans-(into another state 成为另一状态)+form(形成)使形成另一种状态 使改变形态 词块：transform sth/sb from sth into sth11.universe：uni-(one 一)+vers-(to turn 转)转为一体的 宇宙 用法：与the连用；派生词：universal12.incredible：同义词 unbelievable，意为“极好的；极大的”是非正式用语；派生词：incredibly(必修二U1)13.energetic：energy(必修一U6)+-etic；词源义：active,full of ene

4、rgy14.clap：拟声词，模仿鼓掌的声音 词块：clap ones hands,clap sb/sth15.edge：隐喻：具体的物体“边缘”抽象的“优势”词块：on the edge of,have/gain an edge on/over16.emotion：精准的汉语释义“强烈的情感(a strong feeling)”派生词：emotional17.anger：派生词：angry；词块：in anger18.grief：尤指因某人去世而引起的“悲伤”，近义词bine：com-(together 一起)+-bini(two by two 二)；基本义是“使两者合在一起”20.poet

5、ry：词族：poem,poet,poetry21.explosive：词族：explode,explosion,explosive22.tick all the right boxes：词源：在填写表格时，通常需要在相对应符合条件的方框里打勾(tick the box)。tick all the boxes由此衍生，用来描述一个人或事物符合所有条件，故“在所有的框里都打了勾”23.applaud：具体的“鼓掌”抽象的“称赞”；派生词：applause24.grateful：近义词：thankful 核心句式：be grateful to sb for sth,Id be grateful if

6、 you could 25.extremely：extreme(adj 极端的)+-ly，相当于口语中very very26.overcome：词块：overcome the problem/difficulty,be overcome with grief27.ballet：音译词“芭蕾”词源：ballet 来自意大利语 balletto(ball 舞会+let 小形式)，最初指的是15世纪时流行于意大利宫廷中的一种舞蹈表演。ballet后兴盛于法国，经由法语进入英语，所以发音也具有法语特点，最后一个t不发音。28.absorbed：absorb(v 吸收)+-ed(分词形容词)absorb

7、：一词多义，基本义“吸收”词块：be absorbed in29.romantic：音译词“罗曼蒂克(浪漫的)”30.documentary：document(n 文件)+-ary(构成形容词和名词后缀)31.absolutely：absolute(adj 绝对的)+-ly32.episode：常用义：（电视剧中的）一集；美剧中的season（季）和episode（集）33.put on：一词多义：基本义“把放在上”（由小品词on决定）34.appealing：appeal(v 有吸引力)+-ing appeal：ap-(=ad,to 去)+-pel(to drive 驱动、推进)将某人赶到、

8、驱使到某事物上，后衍生出“呼吁”等词义 词块：appeal(to sb)for sth,appeal to sb to do sth,appeal to sb 35.definitely：definite(adj 确定的，肯定的)+-ly；近义词 certainly；句子副词36.plot：阴谋、密谋 小说的故事情节 名词动词化37.rude：近义词impolite，反义词polite 核心句式：its rude(of sb)to do sth,be rude to sb38.transport：trans-(into another place)+-port-(to carry 运输、携带)

9、词块：public transport 熟词生义：使进入特定境地：Humor transports your mind away from your daily troubles.2020 江苏改39.arrangement：arrange+-ment(arrange基本义“排列”)词块：make arrangements for,flower arrangement (插花)重重难难点点词词精精讲讲overcomeabsorb&absorbedappeal&appealingtrans-前缀前缀 combine一词多义一词多义搭配义搭配义一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义构词法构词法put o

10、n一词多义一词多义arrange&arrangement一词多义一词多义英语释义英语释义搭配义搭配义edge一词多义一词多义 变形金刚（Transformers）是历史上最成功的商业动画之一，最初改编自日本TAKARA TOMY公司的戴亚克隆和微星系列。它在玩具市场和音像市场上取得的成功是空前巨大的，以至于80年代一度风靡全球，在亚欧美等多个国家都兴起了一股“变形”热，让“transformers”成为全世界家喻户晓的名词。前后进行了真人电影化以及游戏化。transport说出下列句子中画线词的释义。说出下列句子中画线词的释义。1.Water can transform a desert in

11、to a garden.2.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973.2010 重庆3.At present,lots of food,water,tents,and medicine are being transported to the earthquake-stricken areas.2008 湖北4.The transatlantic flights fly across the Atlantic Ocean.5.This local company

12、has been taken over by a transnational company.使改变使改变 (desert garden)翻译翻译 (one language another language)运输运输 (one place another place)由上面的句子可以发现，前缀trans-加在单词前构成动词，意思是“进入（另一地方）”或“成为（另一状态）(into another place or state)”；构成形容词，意思是“横穿；超越(across;beyond)”。横渡大西洋的横渡大西洋的 (across the Atlantic Ocean)跨国的跨国的 (ac

13、ross the nations)根据根据trans-前缀的意思，结合语境猜测下列句子中画线词前缀的意思，结合语境猜测下列句子中画线词的意思。的意思。1.Doctors transplanted a dead persons heart into a two-year-old child.2.We were transferred from one bus into another.3.You are not planning to transfer to a different university next year,are you?2014 上海移植移植换乘换乘转校转校词源义：“角、边缘

14、、尖”(corner,edge,point)，基本义是“边缘边缘”。edge n C 边；边缘：边；边缘：Billy sat on the edge of the desk,swinging his legs.He stood at the waters edge staring across the lake.Yu Min is a leading scientist at the cutting edge of nuclear technology.刀口；刃；利刃：刀口；刃；利刃：The knife has no/a sharp edge.优势优势edge 词源解读词源解读物体的物体的“边

15、缘边缘”刀等的刀等的“边缘边缘”优于其他事物的优于其他事物的“边缘边缘”have/gain an edge on/over 比比占优势；胜过：占优势；胜过：I cant beat you at tennis,but I have/gain an edge on you in ping-pong.on the edge of 在在边缘；边缘；快要发生快要发生 (尤指不好的事尤指不好的事)：People seemed to be living on the edge of their nerves.on the edge of ones seat 极为激动；异常兴奋：极为激动；异常兴奋：The g

16、ame had the crowd on the edge of their seats.vi&vt (使使)徐徐移动；给徐徐移动；给加边：加边：She edged a little closer to me.边缘边缘edge（基本义）（基本义）物体的物体的“边缘边缘”优势优势优于其他事物的优于其他事物的“边缘边缘”刀等的刀等的“边缘边缘”边；边缘边；边缘刀口；刃；利刃刀口；刃；利刃edge 语义网络图语义网络图combine v vi&vt(使使)结合；结合；(使使)组合：组合：Theory must be combined with practice.The idea of garden

17、city was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement.2011 江西改combine词源解读词源解读combine由com-(together)+-bini(two by two)构成。词源同two。基本义是“使两者合在一起”。【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】combination n 结合结合 (体体)；联合联合(体体)；混合；混合 vt 兼备；兼顾：兼备；兼顾：The hotel combines comfort and convenience.Like her mother Marie Curie

18、,Irene combined family and career.vi&vt(使使)化合；化合；(使使)混合：混合：Steel is produced by combining iron with bine既可以指物理属性发生变化的化合又可指物理属性未发生变化的混合。combine语义网络图语义网络图combine合在一起合在一起(基本义基本义)(使使)化合；化合；(使使)混合混合(使使)结合；结合；(使使)组合组合(使使)抽象的事物抽象的事物“合在一起合在一起”(使使)具体的物质具体的物质“合在一起合在一起”兼备兼备把两件或以上的事把两件或以上的事“合在一起合在一起”把两个或多个特点把两个

19、或多个特点“合在一起合在一起”兼顾兼顾 战胜；克服：战胜；克服：overcome the enemy/the difficultiesIf you work hard,you will overcome this problem.常用于被动语态常用于被动语态 受到受到的极大影响：的极大影响：Overcome by curiosity,the boy looked out the window.Her parents were overcome with grief at the funeral.overcome(overcame,overcome)vtto absorb the impacta

20、bsorb absorb 词源解读词源解读absorb的词源义及基本义是“suck in”，意为“吸吮、吸收吸收”absorb vt 吸收吸收 to take in and hold sth(a liquid,heat,etc.)：A transparent object doesnt absorb light.2015 北京改One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year.吸纳吸纳 to take sth into sth larger,so that it becomes part of it：Serv

21、ice work absorbed a great number of women who arrived in the cities from the country.理解；掌握理解；掌握 to take sth into the mind and learn or understand it(take in)：absorb new knowledge/information Ive just been so busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me.吸引；使专心吸引；使专心 to interest sb

22、so much that they dont pay attention to other things：This work has absorbed him for years.缓冲：缓冲：Well-designed sports shoes should absorb the impact on your feet.吸收吸收（基本义）“吸收吸收”某物“吸收吸收”个体成为集体的一部分“吸收吸收”知识、信息等并掌握“吸收吸收”某人的注意力、兴趣等“吸收吸收”冲击力以缓冲吸收吸收吸纳吸纳理解；掌握理解；掌握 吸引；使专心吸引；使专心 缓冲缓冲absorb语义网络图语义网络图absorbed ad

23、j 专心致志的；全神贯注的专心致志的；全神贯注的：When something did interest me,I could become absorbed.2016 北京(be)absorbed in:When deeply absorbed in work,he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.2012 北京改put on 看图看图猜释义猜释义put onput on clothesput on a performance put a tax onput on a lot of weight穿上穿上上演上演征收征收 (税金等税金等)

24、增加增加 穿上；戴上穿上；戴上 反反 take off；抹：；抹：Remember to put on more clothes to keep warm.Protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside.2019 全国全国 使运转；播放：使运转；播放：I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.2011 2011 广东广东 I didnt see him but I heard him put on his favourite CD.pu

25、t on 增加增加 (gain)：Hes put on a lot of weight.上演上演 (戏剧等戏剧等)：We once put on a performance of Hamlet.征收征收 (税金等税金等)；施加；施加 (压力压力)；将；将归咎：归咎：put a tax on They put pressure on her to resign.He put the blame for his failure on me.把把放放在在上上（基本义）把衣服等放在身上把光盘等放在设备上把体重等放在身体上把戏剧等放在舞台上把金钱加在某金额上把压力、责备等放在人身上穿上；戴上穿上；戴上使

26、运转；播放：使运转；播放：增加增加上演上演(戏剧等戏剧等)征收征收(税金等税金等)；施加施加(压力压力)；将将归咎归咎put on 语义网络图语义网络图把护肤品等放在脸上抹抹appeal各类软件的账户如果无法登陆时，我们会用到这一功能，以此账户申诉账户申诉找回账户密码重新登陆。“账户申诉账户申诉”英文为“Account Appeal”。appeal词源解读词源解读ap-(=ad,to 去)+-pel(to drive 驱动、推进)，将某人赶到、驱使到某事物上，即要“呼喊”“呼叫”(to call)，基本义为“呼喊呼喊”“呼叫呼叫”。appeal v vi 呼吁；恳请：呼吁；恳请：appeal(

27、to sb)(for sth):The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl.appeal to sb to do sth:The government is appealing to everyone to save water.vi 有吸引力；有感染力：有吸引力；有感染力：Sport has become an important form of entertainment,appealing to both men and women.2011 江西 vi&vt 上诉；申

28、诉上诉；申诉：Shes not happy with the decision and plans to appeal.vi 启发；激发：启发；激发：They needed to appeal to his sense of justice.appeal n C&U 呼吁；恳请：呼吁；恳请：make/launch an appeal for money and clothesThe organization has made/launched an appeal to the public to raise 150,000 for the sick kid.U 吸引力；魅力：吸引力；魅力：Sm

29、all cars are economical of fuel,so they have/hold wide/popular/more appeal for consumers.C&U 上诉；申诉；上诉权：上诉；申诉；上诉权：The sentence was reduced to three years on appeal.appeal语义网络图语义网络图“呼叫呼叫”某人做某人做某事某事“呼叫呼叫”起某人起某人的兴趣的兴趣向法庭向法庭“呼叫呼叫”“呼叫呼叫”起某人起某人的想法、情感等的想法、情感等呼吁；恳请呼吁；恳请有吸引力；有吸引力；有感染力有感染力上诉；申诉上诉；申诉启发；激发启发；激发呼

30、喊；呼喊；呼叫呼叫(基本义基本义)呼吁；恳请呼吁；恳请吸引力；魅力吸引力；魅力上诉；申诉；上诉；申诉；上诉权上诉权nvappealing adj 有吸引力的；恳求的：有吸引力的；恳求的：Harry Potter stories are so appealing that they encourage children to read more.The pet dog looked at her master with an appealing and frightened look.有哪些词可以表示有吸引力的，吸引眼球的？attractiveeye-catchingfascinating in

31、viting breath-takingcharmingabsorbingappealingarrange&arrangementrange:范围、范畴；范围、范畴；在一定范围内将人或者物按照一定的次序排列在一定范围内将人或者物按照一定的次序排列或者不超出某种范围，这就是动词或者不超出某种范围，这就是动词arrange，它的基本义它的基本义就是 to place things in order arrange(fresh/artificial)flowersflower arrangement插花用英语怎么说？arrange v vt 排列；整理排列；整理 to put sth in a pa

32、rticular order：You can arrange things from beginning to end,small to large or by some other order.2012 陕西 vt&vi 安排；筹划：安排；筹划：My dad arranged some swimming lessons to surprise me.arrange(for sb/sth)to do sth:（重点词块重点词块）Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.vt 编写编写/改编改编(乐曲乐曲)to write or change a p

33、iece of music：write and arrange musical compositions具体熟词生义抽象arrange语义网络图语义网络图排列排列arrange(基本义基本义)安排；筹划安排；筹划 排列；整理排列；整理 “排列排列”某物某物“排列排列”事情事情编写编写 /改编（乐曲）改编（乐曲）“排列排列”音符音符arrangement n C 常用复数常用复数 安排；筹备安排；筹备 a plan or preparation：travel arrangements Our college is to make arrangements for the meeting.C 常用

34、复数常用复数 安排方式安排方式 the way things are done or organized：The airport is currently reviewing its new security arrangements.C&U 排列；布置排列；布置 a group of things that are put in a particular way：the seating arrangements C&U 商定；约定商定；约定 sth that has been organized or agreed on(agreement)：We have come to an arran

35、gement she gives me a ride to school and I help her with her English.本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.Theory must be combined with practice.2.If you work hard,you will overcome this problem.3.When deeply absorbed in work,he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.4.Hes put on a lot of weight.5.The government is

36、appealing to everyone to save water.6.Sport has become an important form of entertainment,appealing to both men and women.7.Harry Potter stories are so appealing that they encourage children to read more.8.Our college is to make arrangements for the meeting.随堂检测随堂检测transform&transport写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释

37、义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.(2018 浙江)_ 2.The car is a convenient means of transport.(2014 天津)_3.Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park.(2017 全国)_4.The film transports you back to China in the 1980s._5.

38、It is easy to go anywhere from the hotel by public transport.(2012 陕西)_使改变使改变交通方式交通方式运输运输使进入某种特定情境使进入某种特定情境 公共交通公共交通edge写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Dont put that glass so near the edge of the table._ 2.He handed me a knife with a sharp edge._3.Having spent a year in New York,she hoped she wo

39、uld have the edge over the other language students._4.He edged closer to the telephone,ready to grab it._5.The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats._6.Developments in computer chip(芯片)design are at the cutting edge of the technological revolution(革命)._边缘边缘刀刃刀刃优势优势徐徐移动徐徐移动兴奋不已兴奋不已最前沿最前沿/尖端尖端

40、combine一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入combine的正确形式。的正确形式。1.In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.I cant agree more.Its great to have the two _.(2010 福建)2.In recent years an English word“infosphere”has appeared,_ the sense of“information”and“atmosphere”.(2015 福建)3.The _ weight of the earths b

41、acteria is 400 billion tons.4.I know how I achieved my success.It came from good planning and better doing _.(2016 浙江)5.The _ of Fox and Disney will lead to billions of dollars in“synergies”(合并).combined combined combined combining combination 二、根据所给提示，用二、根据所给提示，用combine翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1.把工作和娱乐结合起来对你来

42、说是件好事。(it作形式主语,business)_2.我们仍在寻找兼具所有必要品质的人选。(定语从句)_We are still looking for someone who combines all the necessary qualities.It will be a good thing for you to combine business and/with pleasure.overcome根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。1.要不是老师们的支持，我无法克服这个困难。(2017 江苏)Were it not for the support of

43、the teachers,_.2.她终于克服了上课时的羞怯。(manage)_3.她激动得难以自持，有好几分钟说不出话来。(emotion)_,she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes.I could not overcome the difficulty Overcome with/by emotionEventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class.absorb一、选出画线词的正确释义。一、选出画线词的正确释义。a.理解 b.吸收 c.缓冲 d.吸引_ 1.When

44、condors(秃鹰)eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead(铅),they absorb large quantities of lead.(2016 北京)_ 2.While watching TV,children do not merely absorb words and images(影像).(2015 广东)_ 3.The movement and noise of the machines absorbed him completely._ 4.Jump with your knees bent,so they abso

45、rb less impact.badc二、将下列句子译成英语。二、将下列句子译成英语。1.由于专注于他的工作，他都没听到人们进来。_2.她坐在椅子上专注地看书。_三、选出画线词的正确释义。三、选出画线词的正确释义。a.承担 b.消耗 c.并入_ 1.Defence spending absorbs almost 20%of the countrys wealth._ 2.The company is unable to absorb such huge losses._ 3.The surrounding(周围的)small towns have been absorbed into the

46、city.Absorbed in his work,he didnt hear people come in.She sat on the chair,absorbed in her book.bac麦克白(Macbeth)是英国剧作家莎士比亚创作的戏剧，创作于1606年。讲述了利欲熏心的国王和王后对权力的贪婪及其统治最后被推翻的过程。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.I put on hand cream whenever my hands get dry._2.Firstly,please do remember to put on some comf

47、ortable shoes.(2016 全国)_3.The local drama club is putting on Macbeth._4.She put on some music while they ate._put on播放播放穿上穿上 上演上演 涂抹涂抹 /擦擦一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Besides,businesses seek to appeal to customers senses.(2015 重庆)_ 2.Reality TV seems to appeal much more to the younger aud

48、ience.(2008 上海)_ 3.In 1887,she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature(立法机关)to issue a licence(执照)to her but they,too,refused.(2014 山东)_ 4.What I am eager to do is to raise peoples awareness of animal protection and appeal to more people to care for our earth companies.(2011 重庆)_appeal启发；激发启发；激发吸引吸引上诉；

49、申诉上诉；申诉呼吁呼吁二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空。二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空。1.Lisa See has written several best-selling novels about Chinese-related subjects.She says those themes have special appeal _ her.2.The food especially appeals _ health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy,made with limited fat and oil and ser

50、ved straight off the grill(烤肉架).(2011 湖南)3.They have appealed _ the international community _ assistance,as more storms are expected to hit soon.4.Today,WHO has launched an appeal,through the United Nations,_ funding to support the emergency response to this outbreak.fortotoforfor一、一、写出下列句子中写出下列句子中画