Unit 4 Developing ideas单词用法讲解 ppt课件(2022)高中英语新外研版必修第一册.pptx

1、版本：新外研版本：新外研 单元：单元：必修一必修一 Unit 4(Developing ideas)单单词词课课堂堂本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.fortune：词源：fortune源自幸运女神的名字Fortuna。词族：fortune,fortunate,fortunately,unfortunate,unfortunately,misfortune 词块：make a/one fortune,good fortune2.ought to：ought(not)to do sth,ought to have done3.correspond：com-(together 共同)+respond

2、(to answer 答复)共同答复 通信 词块：correspond with sb(=write letters to sb)4.turn up：通过up(向上)理解5.appointed：appoint appointed(分词形容词)词块：at the appointed time6.strike：一词多义：基本义“击打”词块：strike a match,it strikes sb that,go on strike7.scene：一词多义：基本义“场景”；熟词生义“圈子”词块：on the scene；派生词：scenery 8.bitterly：bitter+-ly9.asham

3、ed：词块：be ashamed of,be ashamed to do sth10.unfold：un-+fold11.location：词族：locate,located,location12.surroundings：词族：surround,surrounding,surroundings 13.personality：个性；词族：person,personal,personally,personality14.atmosphere：词块：create an atmosphere of抽象名词抽象名词turn up一词多义一词多义词族词族重重难难点点词词精精讲讲strikefortune

4、一词多义一词多义scene一词多义一词多义熟词生义熟词生义一词多义一词多义名词动词化名词动词化话题词汇话题词汇Fortune 500“世界500强”是中国人对美国财富(Fortune)杂志每年评选的“全球最大五百家公司”排行榜的一种约定俗成的叫法。公司盈利多是跻身世界500强的先决条件，而fortune有“(大量)财产；大笔钱”的含义，这也是用Fortune 500来表达世界500强的原因。世界世界500500强强词源故事词源故事福尔图娜（Fortuna）是罗马神话中的命运女神。她主管人和国家的命运。她的形象一般为一手执羊角，象征丰饶和财富，一手执车轮，象征命运的变迁兴衰。英语单词fortun

5、e就源自幸运女神的名字Fortuna。习语wheel of fortune字面意思是“幸运女神的车轮幸运女神的车轮”，比喻命运或人生的变迁。fortune ntell sbs fortune What will be our fortune?U 机遇；运气机遇；运气 chance or luck,especially in the way it affects peoples lives：If you dont work hard,no fortune will come.In China,children are given money in a red envelope to bring

6、good fortune in the New Year.C&U 时运；命运：时运；命运：C(大量大量)财产；大笔的钱财产；大笔的钱 a large amount of money：make a fortuneHe received a large fortune when his uncle died.fortunefortunatefortunatelyunfortunateunfortunatelymisfortunefortune 的同族词的同族词ought to v aux无时态和人称变化无时态和人称变化 表示义务、忠告等应当；应该：表示义务、忠告等应当；应该：ought to do

7、 sth:Teachers ought to be honoured.You ought not to eat a lot before swimming.Ought I to write to say thank you?Yes,I think you ought(to).表示本应该做却没有做表示本应该做却没有做ought to have done:You ought to have listened to the warnings.I ought not to have done it.表示推测、可能性应该；该：表示推测、可能性应该；该：ought to do:He ought to be

8、 feeling better by this evening.表示应该已经做表示应该已经做ought to have done:My son ought to have left for Japan by now.turn upturn up由由 turn+up组成：组成：turn 转动转动up 向上向上借助小品词借助小品词upup去理解去理解turn upturn up的各义项。的各义项。首先思考该短语动词如何理解和识记？首先思考该短语动词如何理解和识记？开大；调高开大；调高 (音量等音量等)反反 turn down：the radio so that I can hear the pro

9、gram.(人人)到达；出现到达；出现 to arrive at a place：He promised that he would come,but he hasnt yet.(尤指失去后偶然尤指失去后偶然)被发现：被发现：Dont worry about the letter Im sure itll.找到；发现：找到；发现：They searched the kitchen,checking every corner,but nothing.turn up表示表示数量由小变大数量由小变大向上露出被发现向上露出被发现表示表示发生、发现发生、发现 开大；调高开大；调高 (音量等音量等)(人人

10、)到达；出到达；出现现(尤指失去后尤指失去后偶然偶然)被发现被发现找到；发现找到；发现turn up 语义网络图语义网络图up向上向上turn down 关小；调低关小；调低(音量等音量等)反反 turn up：Could you please turn down your TV a bit?拒绝拒绝(refuse)：How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?When I applied to join the expedition,Shackleton turn

11、ed me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.人教新选必 4词汇拓展词汇拓展趁热打铁趁热打铁Strike while the iron is hot.strikestrike(struck,struck)v vt 正式用语正式用语 打；撞击打；撞击The ship struck a rock.The boy fell,striking his head on the edge of the table.vi&vt(时钟等时钟等)敲响；报敲响；报(时时)；擦；擦/划划(火柴火柴)：The church cloc

12、k began to strike twelve.strike a match vi&vt(不幸等不幸等)突然降临；突然袭击：突然降临；突然袭击：Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.She was practicing surfing when a shark struck.vt 不用于进行时不用于进行时(使使)突然想到突然想到/意识到意识到 to come suddenly into sbs mind：The solution struck me immediately.it strikes sb+that 从句从句：

13、It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.vt 给给以某种印象以某种印象 to give sb a particular impression：We were struck by her kindness.What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.strike sb as(being).He strikes me as(being)a very serious person.vi 罢工：罢工：The bus drivers were striking

14、 for more money.该释义源于船员扔掉手中的劳该释义源于船员扔掉手中的劳动工具，降下船帆拒绝出海动工具，降下船帆拒绝出海strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡两者兼顾；达到平衡 n C&U 罢工：罢工：He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.strike a deal 达成协议达成协议strike fear/terror into sbs heart 使某人感到害怕使某人感到害怕/恐惧恐惧The workers will go on strike if the

15、demands they put forward are turned down.某物某物“击打击打”某物某物指针指针“击打击打”钟表钟表“击打击打”火柴火柴灾难等事件灾难等事件“击打击打”人人灵感灵感 /想法等想法等“击打击打”大脑大脑击打；撞击击打；撞击(时钟等时钟等)敲响；报敲响；报 (时时)划划 (火柴火柴)(不幸等不幸等)突然降临；突然降临；突然袭击突然袭击(使使)突然想到突然想到 /意识到意识到strike语义网络图语义网络图strike击打击打基本义基本义“击打击打”了工作了工作罢工罢工“击打击打”在人的印象中在人的印象中给给以某种印象以某种印象辨析辨析 beat,hit,str

16、ike 三个词都有“打”、“击”的意思，但用法不完全相同。beat 指用手或物等连续地打、敲击，如殴打或体罚，敲鼓、桌子等，还可指心脏跳动、打拍子和雨水的冲击。She was beating the dust out of the carpet.Her heart was beating with joy.hit 表示瞬间的动作，强调打中或击中这一结果，或强调敲打、打击对象的某一点，只作及物动词用。He shot his arrow and hit the target.strike 指用力地“打击”，表示短暂的动作，含有急速的或突然的一次性的殴打、打击或敲击，是普通用词；还可表示敲钟、报时。

17、有时与hit通用，指灾难侵袭。The car ran out of control and hit/struck a tree.stricken adj 正式用语正式用语 受灾的；患病的；受苦的：受灾的；患病的；受苦的：earthquake-stricken areas词汇拓展词汇拓展striker n C 罢工者；罢工者；(足球的足球的)前锋；前锋；(棒球的棒球的)击球手击球手striking adj 惊人的；显著的；引人注目的惊人的；显著的；引人注目的 very noticeable;making a strong impressionscene场记板场记板是上面写着是上面写着场次场次(s

18、cene)、镜次、导演、片名、影片公司镜次、导演、片名、影片公司等资料的小木板。一端可以开等资料的小木板。一端可以开合，打板时发出清脆的响声，合，打板时发出清脆的响声，以便剪接时使用。以便剪接时使用。(戏剧等的戏剧等的)一场；一场；(电影的电影的)一个镜头；场景；景一个镜头；场景；景色：色：Act I,Scene 3 The movie opens with a scene in a New York apartment.常用单数常用单数 事发地点；现场：事发地点；现场：The police were soon on the scene.Doctors and nurses rushed to

19、 the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.景色；景象景色；景象 a view that you see：He photographed a wide range of street scenes.scene n C 情景；场面：情景；场面：非正式用语非正式用语 单数单数 活动领域；圈子：活动领域；圈子：The little boy came riding full speed down the road on his bicycle.What a dangerous scene it was!The Beatles became th

20、e hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.2019 浙江The Beatles 甲壳虫乐队，英国摇滚乐队(rock band)，由约翰列侬(John Lennon)、林戈斯塔尔(Ringo Starr)、保罗麦卡特尼(Paul McCartney)和乔治哈里森(George Harrison)四名成员组成。1960年，乐队于英格兰利物浦市(Liverpool)成立，其音乐风格(style)源自20世纪50年代的摇滚乐(rock and roll)，并开拓了迷幻摇滚、流行摇滚等曲风。名词动词化名词动词化写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。写出

21、下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Stop mothering me!I can take care of myself._ 2.For two days he was nursed by his mother._ 3.I joined a private team coached by my school coach._ 4.Chinas online-shopping industry was pioneered by Jack Ma._5.He has fathered an idea._ 创立创立像母亲一样照顾像母亲一样照顾照料照料训练训练开创开创 画线词在例句中都作动词，其动词释义是由

22、名词转化而来，这种词性转换现象叫作名词动词化名词动词化。英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示身份和职务的名词常可转化为动词。father,mother,nurse,coach,pioneer就是一类表示身份和职务的名词转化为动词的用法。读下面的句子，体会画线词的含义：读下面的句子，体会画线词的含义：1.Will you friend anyone you havent met in real life on WeChat?_ 2.I used to partner him in tennis matches.But now I have a ne

23、w partner._ 名词动词化名词动词化加加为好友为好友做做的搭档的搭档抽象名词抽象名词比起中文来，英文不但富于抽比起中文来，英文不但富于抽象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。余光中余光中具体名词：bathwater,_ 抽象名词：comfort,_ _将所给名词分类：将所给名词分类：pot,partner,cigar,goods bathwater comfort pot patience passion generosity humour qualitypartner love impact cigar personality destiny goods fortune

24、patience,passion,generosity,humour,quality,love,impact,personality,destiny,fortune具体名词(concrete noun)是指现实物质世界中存在的，可触摸到或看到的人、事物、地方和实体等。抽象名词(abstract noun)指的是抽象的东西，如意念、情感、概念、性质、关系、状态等。Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance

25、,he had created a new type of Chinese architecture,said Tadao Ando,the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed,”he said.20182018年全国年全国IIIIII卷阅读理解卷阅读理解C C篇篇节选节选抽象名词是英语学习中的难点和盲点。英语喜欢用名

26、词，而汉语喜欢用动词和形容词，这是英语和汉语之间一个很重要的差异。因此，建立抽象名词的概念，学会使用抽象名词，能大大提升表达的地道性。话题词汇：性格与行为话题词汇：性格与行为creativity,talent,wisdom,etc.personality,character&behaviorintelligence&abilitycharacterattitudequalitybehaviorcarefulness,confidence,k i n d n e s s,optimism,patience,politeness,sincerity,etc.a m b i t i o n,dete

27、rmination,energy,humour,independence,etc.cooperation,logic,support,tirelessness,etc.b r a v e r y,diligence,duty,generosity,honesty,m o d e s t y,responsibility,selflessness,etc.随堂检测随堂检测根据句意写出句子中根据句意写出句子中画线部分画线部分的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth._ 2.She ca

28、n tell your fortune by looking at the lines on your hand._3.Getty made a large fortune in his life,but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art._运气运气fortune命运命运大笔的钱大笔的钱turn up写出下列句子中写出下列句子中画线部分画线部分的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.Open the curtains and turn up the lights._

29、2.When the sports hero turned up at our party,he was welcomed with open arms._3.Dont worry.Im sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later._开大；调亮开大；调亮出现；到达出现；到达被发现被发现一、一、根据所给根据所给汉语汉语，用适当的词块用适当的词块完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,was visiting a museum when _(地

30、震发生).2.We would spend 1,500 yuan purchasing some pens for the needy students in _(贫困地区).3._(我突然想到)playing against the other team was a great learning moment.4.趁热打铁。_ strikethe earthquake struckpoverty-stricken areasIt struck me thatStrike while the iron is hot.二、二、写出下列句子中写出下列句子中划线部分划线部分的汉语释义的汉语释义。1.

31、It always struck me that when youre looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge,but when youre in the midst of it,it just seems normal._2.I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books,or observations that are particularly meaningful._3.When sunlight strikes an obj

32、ect,some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected._ 我总是想到我总是想到把书中印象深刻的看法和引文记录下来把书中印象深刻的看法和引文记录下来阳光照射在物体上阳光照射在物体上根据句意根据句意，写出写出画线部分画线部分的汉语释义。的汉语释义。1.Hes famous on the music scene._2.At the end of the story,my mind continued the final scene of reunion,on and on,until my own lost dog and I were,i

33、n my mind,running together._3.You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love._4.If you are involved in an accident,you are required to offer appropriate aid,call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go._5.About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio to take part in a crowd-scene._scene音乐界音乐界/圈圈情景情景景色景色事发现场事发现场(电影的电影的)一个场景一个场景谢谢谢谢观观赏赏