Unit 1 Vocabulary -ppt课件2021-2022学年高中英语新人教版选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、 Book4Unit 1 Science Fiction vocabulary(1)Beijing artist Yang Yang developed a love of plants and botanical gardens when she was a little girl.She once frequented botanical gardens with her father,a painter who went there to get inspiration for his art.Yang views the two science fiction books,publis

2、hed by CITIC Press Group,as a way to share with younger readers her passion for plants while also evoking their interest in science.fiction.小说;虚构或想象出来的事E.g.Her cup was a fiction,but this is reality.她的酒杯是杜撰出来的，但是这酒倒是真的。His next two fictions will be published soon.他的下两部小说即将出版。read a fiction 读小说complet

3、e fiction 彻头彻尾的虚构detective fiction 侦探小说legal fiction 法律上的假定light fiction 情节轻松的小说modernpopular fiction 现代通俗小说realisticromantic fiction 现实浪漫主义小说science fiction 科学幻想小说novel，romance，fiction，story，fable，tale这些名词均含“小说、故事”之意。novel指任何有情节、人物、对白的虚构长篇散文体故事。romance系novel早期的代用词，泛指具有强烈神话和传奇色彩的故事，现指爱情故事。fiction指部分

4、或全部虚构的短篇、中篇、长篇小说，也指传奇故事，是小说的总称。story指篇幅较短，常包含一系列情节或事件，口述或书写成文的故事。fable指短小而寓有教育意义的虚构故事，故事的主人公多为拟人化的动物或非动物之类，也作传说解。tale常可与story换用，指以事实为中心作叙述的故事，也指古代流传下来的传说故事或神话故事。A resident takes a COVID-19 nucleic acid test at a testing point in Beijing,May 26,2022.test sb.on sth.在.方面测试某人test sth.on.sb./sth.在.身上测验.t

5、est sb.for sth.为某事检查某人 take a test 参加考试,参加测验try out:试用;测试;试验 test out考验；充分检验；测试；试验考验；充分检验；测试；试验拓展：完成以拓展：完成以out 结尾的动词短语。结尾的动词短语。_ out 设计出；计算出设计出；计算出 _ out 拿出；取出拿出；取出 _ out 穿破；耗尽；使厌烦穿破；耗尽；使厌烦 _ out 出来；显露出来；显露 _ out 动身；开始动身；开始work takewear come settest,exam,examination,quiz这组词的共同意思是“考试”,它们也有细微差别:examin

6、ation通常指正式考试,如期终考试、入学考试等;exam是examination的缩写式,常用于学生口语中;test指小考或考查;quiz指课堂上进行的非正式测验。例如:They are guessing when the exam will take place.他们在猜测什么时间考试。John dwelt on his mistake long after the test was over.测验结束后很久,约翰还在凝思他的错误。Mr.Smith gave us a five-minute quiz.史密斯先生对我们进行了五分钟的测验。运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。运用：根据汉语意思完

7、成英语句子。昨晚我叫他过来测试我的新电脑。昨晚我叫他过来测试我的新电脑。I asked him to_.test out my new computer last night 科学家靠实验检验理论。科学家靠实验检验理论。Scientists _ by experiment.test out theories他考验她的勇气他考验她的勇气。误误 He put her courage to test.正正 He put her courage to the test.析析 表示表示“使使经受考验经受考验”可以用可以用put sb/sth to the test,test前不可省略定冠词前不可省略定冠

8、词the。他们的友谊经历了时间的考验他们的友谊经历了时间的考验。误误 Their friendship has passed the test of time.正正 Their friendship has stoodwithstood the test of time.析析 表示表示“经过时间的考验经过时间的考验”可以用可以用 standwithstand the test of time,注意注意 stand 不可换成不可换成 pass。bonusyear-end bonuse.g.He received a box of cookies as a bonus when he bought

9、 coffee at the shop.他在商店买咖啡时,意外地得到了一盒免费赠送的饼干。The warm weather in such a freezing winter has been a real bonus.这么寒冷的冬天有这样暖和的天气真是令人喜出望外。bonus n.意外收获意外收获;奖金奖金;红利红利pl.bonuses employee bonus 员工奖金.bonus dividend 赢利股 bonus stock 红利股 bonus wage 奖励工资 bonus share 分红股 bonus system 奖金制度,分红制.cash bonus 现金分红 atte

10、ndance bonus 加班奖金 David Sanchez from Spain regards Fuzhou,Fujian province,as his second hometown.My wife and I are quite adapted to life in Fuzhou.In our leisure time,we like going hiking or to the parks.We feel the place is more like our home,he said in Chinese.more like更像是；更像是；说说.还还差不多差不多I even mo

11、re like to take the plane.我更愿意乘飞机去。She behaves(towards me)more like a friend than a mother.她像朋友一样(待我),而不像是我的母亲。He seems more like a military officer than a business executive.他似乎比较像一个军官，而不像一个商业行政主管。Thats more like it.那样才像话。Tsai Ing-wens empathy for Ukraine ridiculous:China Daily editorialridiculous

12、adj.愚蠢的愚蠢的;荒谬的荒谬的;荒唐的荒唐的Its the most ridiculous thing Ive ever heard in my life.这是我有生以来听到的最为荒唐可笑的事。You look ridiculous in such a dress.你穿这样的衣服看上去很可笑。It is simply ridiculous to attempt such a thing.想这种事,简直可笑。Its ridiculous that we should have to queue,when we have already got our tickets.我们已经拿到了票,居然还

13、要排队,未免可笑。He made himself ridiculous by overestimating his ability.他把自己的能力估计得过高,弄得很可笑。ridiculous,absurd,foolish,silly,stupid这组词都有“愚蠢,荒唐,可笑”的意思。其区别是：absurd指因为不符合常理或人情而令人觉得荒唐可笑;ridiculous指因为不符合常理或人情而引起别人的讥笑或鄙视;foolish侧重“愚蠢”,多用来指人,也可以指行为,多指因为缺乏智慧或判断力而造成;silly多用于口语,比foolish语气重,指极端的和明显的“愚蠢”,有令人觉得“糊涂”的含意,有

14、时也可以指“傻气;憨;不懂事”,指行为、言语等时有“无聊的;无意义的”含意;stupid强调“愚笨”,常指由于智力低下或其他原因而引起,往往含有“呆滞麻木”的含意,具有较强的贬义,有时也可指事物的“无聊;乏味”;absurdity n.荒谬;不合理;荒谬的言语或行为absurdly adv.荒谬地Thats an absurd idea!这主意太荒谬了。Dont be absurdyoure just worrying about nothing.别犯傻了,你不过是在瞎操心。It is absurd to try to persuade them.试图说服他们是愚蠢的。It is absurd

15、 and ridiculous that he should behave so.他竟然做了那种举动,真是荒唐可笑。Dont you think it absurd?你不认为那荒唐可笑吗?He has a good sense of the absurd.他对荒诞事物有较强的识别能力。The 40th anniversary of the China Soong Ching Ling Foundation is held in Beijing on May 31,2022.It should boost its consciousness of the need to maintain pol

16、itical integrity,think in big-picture terms,follow the leadership core.integrity n.正直；诚实;完整；完全；统一;完好；完善；健全;We must respect each others territorial integrity.我们应当尊重彼此的领土完整。We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。One of the most important features of the

17、 steel cables is their structural integrity.钢索最重要的特点之一，是结构的完善性。My husband is a man of the highest integrity.我丈夫是个非常正直的人。The kid was raised to become a man of integrity.这孩子被培养成了一个诚实的人。integrity,perfection这两个词都可作“完善”解。integrity较通俗,多用于口语;perfection则较正式,多用于书面语中。integrity，honesty，justice这些名词均有“诚实、正直”之意。i

18、ntegrity指品格纯正，有高度是非感，正直诚实，受人敬佩。honesty普通用词，侧重为人忠厚，老实，正直，不欺骗，不说谎。justice侧重办事或处事公正，公道不偏心。Soldiers of the Hard-boned Sixth Company of the 74th Army Group of the Peoples Liberation Army take part in a battle drill in a coastal area of Guangdong province on June 1,2020.The main objectives are to raise th

19、e capability of better providing assistance,working opportunities,pensions and preferential treatment for veterans,while better protecting their rights,interests and dignity,said the plan jointly issued by the general offices of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,the State Council an

20、d the Central Military Commission.dignity dnti:n.庄重庄重;庄严庄严;尊严尊严 He would do nothing beneath his dignity.他决不愿意干任何有损自身尊严的事。The real dignity of a man lies in what he is,not in what he has.一个人的真正尊严在于他的品格，而非他的财富。Hes afraid of losing dignity and wont speak a foreign language.他怕失去尊严,因此不愿说外国话。She bears hers

21、elf with dignity.她举止庄重大方。beneath ones dignity有失身份with dignity:有尊严地maintain dignity不失尊严dignifyvt.使高贵；使增辉；抬高使高贵；使增辉；抬高的身价；将的身价；将美其名美其名为为常用短语：dignify sb/sth with sth；dignify sb/sth by doing sthDignified in conduct or appearance.高贵的行为、相貌显得高贵的The broad steps in front of the mansion made it look very dign

22、ified.宽阔的台阶使大厦的正面显得很气派。Zhang Jun runs with his students during a PE class at the Minning Central Primary School in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region.In 2010,he graduated from the School of Physical Education at Ningxia University and took a job with a construction company in Yinchuan city,attracted

23、by the relatively high salary.He didnt stay long.salaryn.薪水薪水v.给给.薪水薪水用作名词用作名词(n.)His money comes mainly from salary.他的钱主要来自工资。I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。用作动词用作动词(v.)Dont worry about him,he will be salaried by a big company.别为他担心,一家大公司会给他发薪水。Like those who work fo

24、r government or nonprofit organizations,they are salaried rather than paid a fee.同在政府或非盈利性组织工作的会计师一样，他们是挣工薪而不是按每笔业务收费。salary,pay,wages这组词都有“薪水”“工资”的意思。其区别在于：1.pay是普通用词,不可数,意思是“工资,薪水”,指工作所得到的酬金,也可特指发给军人的薪饷,强调付了钱,不如salary和wages正式。2.salary一般指脑力劳动者的月薪或年俸。例如:He lived on his salary.他靠薪水生活。The company pays

25、 good salary.这个公司的薪金高。His regular salary doesnt come to much,but he gets bonuses too.他的固定薪水并不高,但他还有奖金。3.wages多指体力劳动者按天或按周领取的工钱。例如:Her wages are one hundred dollars a week.她的工资为每周100美元。He takes his wages home to his wife every Friday.他每星期五把工资带回家交给妻子。A couple shows their marriage certificates at the m

26、arriage registration office of Congtai district in Handan,Hebei province,May 20,2022.Couples may make an appointment for registration online,and those coming to the center should have their temperature scanned and show negative nucleic acid test results.appointment n.约会约会;任命任命make/have an appointmen

27、t with sb.与某人约会与某人约会keep an appointment 守约守约我跟她约好星期天见面。我跟她约好星期天见面。I made an appointment with him to meet on Sunday.当你与朋友约会时，别迟到！当你与朋友约会时，别迟到！Dont be late when you have an appointment with your friend！知识拓展：知识拓展：appoint vt.任命，委派任命，委派appoint sb.as.任命某人为任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人去做某委派某人去做某事事老师任命李明为你

28、们的班长。老师任命李明为你们的班长。Our teacher appointed Li Ming as your monitor.经理委派林先生去完成这个项目。经理委派林先生去完成这个项目。The manager appointed Mr.Lin to finish the project=Mr.Lin was appointed to finish the project.Exercises1.Kate_as secretary last month.Now she is making an_with the marketing manager.(appoint)2.If you are invited to dinner,you are supposed to arrive no later than the _(appoint)time.3.A new engineer was appointed_(deal)with the products returned by customers.was appointedappointmentappointedto dealThank you