Unit 5 Review useful structure -ppt课件 --(2022)高中英语新人教版选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、UNIT 5 POEMS Relative Clauses定语从句定语从句 在高考中的考查：在高考中的考查：语法填空的语法填空的连接词考点连接词考点；阅读理解阅读理解长难句长难句的翻译；的翻译；写作写作的运用。的运用。There are various reasons why people compose poetry.定语从句定语从句 Attributive clause 先行词先行词(antecedent)：被定语从句所修饰的词关系词关系词(relatives)：1.引导引导定语从句的词定语从句的词（连接）（连接）2.代替先行词代替先行词（指代）（指代）3.在从句中充当句子成分在从句中充当

2、句子成分（作成分）（作成分）先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句的分类的分类 There are various reasons why people compose poetry.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the“list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases w

3、hich/that give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.Another simple form of poem that/which amateurs can easily write is cinquain,which is made up of five lines.Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future.(1)定语从句分为限制性定语从句定语从句分为限制性定语从句(如句：如句：_)和非限制性定语从句和非限制性定

4、语从句(如如句：句：_)。类别引导词句子成分指代例句关系代词who主、宾人Yesterday I helped an old man who/that lost his way.whom宾人The man who/whom/that you met just now is my friend.关系代词whose定所属关系，“的”I once lived in a house whose roof was broken.which主、宾物或整个句子Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.that主、宾、表人或物The number

5、of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises by one million.as主、宾、表人、物或整个句子As is known to all，China is a developing country.关系词的分类关系词的分类关系副词when时间状语时间The time when we got together finally came.where地点状语地点The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.why原因状语原因Please tell

6、 me the reason why you missed the plane.There are various reasons why people compose poetry.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the“list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases whi

7、ch/that give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.Another simple form of poem that/which amateurs can easily write is cinquain,which is made up of five lines.Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future.(2)定语从句的引导词分为关系代词定语从句的引导词分为关系代词(如句如句_)和关系副词和关系副词(如句如句_)

8、。(3)句句为为“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。How to choose the correct relatives?划出从句；划出从句；找先行词；找先行词；判断从句是否缺成分。判断从句是否缺成分。1.China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(2020新课标全国新课标全国I卷卷)2.In ancient China lived an artist 61._ p

9、aintings were almost lifelike.(2020新课标全国新课标全国III卷卷)wherewhose 3.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,formed the core collection of the British Museum _ opened in 1759.(2020全国新高考全国新高考I卷卷)which/that【学以致用1】1They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with carin

10、g for these animals.2Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.3Selfdriving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.4Th

11、ey also had a small pond _ they raised fish.who/thatthat/whichwherewhere5We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.6Do you know the reason _ Mary is crying?whenwhythat与which只用that的情况当先行词有人又有物时The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well know

12、n.先行词前有序数词序数词或形容词最高级最高级修饰时；先行词本身就是序数词或形容词的最高级时That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.The first thing that we should do is to get some food.The best that I could do was to apologize.关系代词that与which，which与as的用法区别that与which只用that的情况当先行词是something，anything，nothing，everyth

13、ing，few，all，none，little，some等不定代词不定代词时，或由every，any，all，no，some，little，few，much等修饰时Is there anything that I can do for you?We should do all that is useful to the people.There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.Any man that has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.All the guest

14、s that were invited to her wedding were important people.当主句是以who，which开头开头的特殊疑问句时Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in？当先行词由the last，the only，the right，the very等修饰时This is the very book that Im looking for.She is the only person that understan

15、ds me.that与which只用which的情况“介词关系代词介词关系代词”修饰的先行词指物时The table under which the boy crawled was put up for writing.引导非限制性定语从非限制性定语从句句，指物或前面整个句整个句子时子时He invited us to dinner，which was very kind of him.先行词本身是that时Whats that which flashed in the sky just now？which与as在限制性定语从句中，当先行词由such，the same或或so修饰时，关系代词要

16、用as，译为“正如，像”I bought the same book as you have.Ill give you such things as you may need.She is so nice a girl as we all like.在非限制性定语从句中，which引导的从句一般在主句之后，而as引导的从句，可在主句前、主句后，也可插在主主句前、主句后，也可插在主句中句中He changed his mind again，which made us all angry.As can be seen，oceans cover more than 70%of the earth.E

17、instein，as we know(as is well known)，is a famous scientist.There was an Internet caf around here，as I remember.在非限制性定语从句中，which通常意为“这；这一点”；as通常表示说话人的态度、看法、解释等，意为“正正如；就像如；就像”He failed in the exam again，which was unexpected.He failed in the exam again，as was expected.【学以致用2】1In their spare time，they a

18、re interested in planting vegetables in their garden，_ is on the rooftop of their house.2She and her family bicycle to work，_ helps them keep fit.3The number of smokers，_ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.4There is no success without hard work;success is something _ is only earn

19、ed after much labor.5This is the reference book of _ the teacher is speaking.6The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and their performances _ they saw at the Childrens Palace.whichwhichasthatwhichthat“介词关系介词关系代词代词”引导引导的定语从句的定语从句中的注意事中的注意事项项“介词关系代词介词关系代词”在在定语从句中作时间、定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语，相地点、原因状

20、语，相当于关系副词当于关系副词when，where，whyIll never forget the day on which/when I joined the army.The factory in which/where his father works is far away from my hometown.I dont know the reason for which/why he was late for school.“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中的注意事项“介词关介词关系代词系代词”引引导的定语从导的定语从句中的注意句中的注意事项事项“介词介词which”指物，指物，“介介

21、词词whom”指人指人This is the camera with which he often takes photos.This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.some，any，none，both，all，few，neither，mostof关系代词关系代词(whom/which)，表，表示示“所有所有”关系，或关系，或“整体与整体与部分部分”的关系的关系The Greens have two daughters，both of whom are college students.I have man

22、y books，some of which are on chemistry.介词介词whose名词名词Mr Wang，with whose help I finished the work on time，is one of the teachers I love and respect.“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中的注意事项【学以致用3】1In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.2Many young people，most o

23、f _ were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.3Ill never forget the time during _ I spent my childhood in the country.whosewhomwhich1.The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of childrens poems.It is known to people in China.The Crescent Moon is perhaps the mos

24、t famous collection of childrens poems that is known to people in China.Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.Book P53 2.There are also many poems written from a childs perspective.In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of childrens feelings.There are als

25、o many poems written from a childs perspective in which the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of childrens feelings.3.The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems.The focus of the poems is on the parent-child relationship.The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poe

26、ms,the focus of which is on the parent-child relationship.4.The initial poems were written from the perspective of a mother.The mother loves her baby at play and at rest,in laughter and in tears.The initial poems were written from the perspective of a mother who loves her baby at play and at rest,in

27、 laughter and in tears.5.Many people love to read this collection of poems.The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.The reason why many people love to read this collection of poems is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of chi

28、ldhood.6.It was written by the Indian poet Tagore.Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.It was written by the Indian poet Tagore who was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of childrens poems that is k

29、nown to people in China.It was written by the Indian poet Tagore who was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems,the focus of which is on the parent-child relationship.The initial poems were written from the perspective of a mothe

30、r who loves her baby at play and at rest,in laughter and in tears.There are also many poems written from a childs perspective in which the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of childrens feelings.The reason why many people love to read this collection of poems is that they can feel the wa

31、rmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.What is the passage about?What have you learnt about the poet and his work?3.（2020年全国年全国I卷卷C篇）篇）According to her research,runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step,while race walkers,who do not leave the ground,crea

32、te only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.解析：本句中解析：本句中while连接两个并列句子，表示对比，连接两个并列句子，表示对比，who引导非引导非限制性定语从句，修饰限制性定语从句，修饰race walkers。翻译：根据她的研究，跑步者每一步着地时自身承受的重量是翻译：根据她的研究，跑步者每一步着地时自身承受的重量是其体重的四倍，而竞走者由于每一步都不离开地面，仅承受约其体重的四倍，而竞走者由于每一步都不离开地面，仅承受约自己体重自己体重1.4倍的重量。倍的重量。4.（2020年全国年全国I卷卷D篇）篇）These

33、include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.解析：本句主干为解析：本句主干为These include plants and a plant。第一。第一个个that引导定语从句修饰先行词引导定语从句修饰先行词plants，其中包含一个，其中包含一个when引引导的宾语从句；第二个导的宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句修饰先行词引导

34、定语从句修饰先行词a plant。have sensors printed为使役动词结构为使役动词结构have sth done，表示，表示“使使/让某事被让某事被(别人别人)做做”。翻译：这些包括叶面上印有感应器来显示缺水情况的植物，以翻译：这些包括叶面上印有感应器来显示缺水情况的植物，以及能探测地下水中含有害化学物质的植物。及能探测地下水中含有害化学物质的植物。5.（2020年全国年全国I卷卷D篇）篇）In the future,the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto pl

35、ant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime.解析：本句主干为解析：本句主干为the team hopes to develop a version of the technology。其中第一个。其中第一个that引导定语从句修饰先行词引导定语从句修饰先行词technology，在从句中作主语；第二个，在从句中作主语；第二个that引导定语从句修饰先引导定语从句修饰先行词行词treatment。翻译：未来，该团队希望能开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物翻译：未来，该团队希望能开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植

36、物树叶上就能延长植物寿命的技术。树叶上就能延长植物寿命的技术。6.（2020年全国年全国II卷卷B篇）篇）The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.解析：解析：when

37、assessed at 54 months of age是省略句，原句为是省略句，原句为when children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age are assessed at 54 months of age。翻译：研究人员分析了翻译：研究人员分析了53对孩子与父母在家日常活动的录像，对孩子与父母在家日常活动的录像，并对并对54个月大的孩子进行了评定。结果发现，在个月大的孩子进行了评定。结果发现，在26个月到个月到46个个月大时玩过拼图游戏的孩子的空间技能更好。月大时玩过拼图游戏的孩子的空间技能更好。7.（2020

38、年全国年全国II卷卷D篇）篇）It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library,where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.解析：解析：It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to load up and go to the local library；where my kids.read to them是是where引导的非限制性定语从句，进一

39、步说明引导的非限制性定语从句，进一步说明library。翻译：对我们来说，装好东西然后去当地的图书馆是件大事。翻译：对我们来说，装好东西然后去当地的图书馆是件大事。在图书馆里，我的孩子可以选出自己想看的书，或者选出他在图书馆里，我的孩子可以选出自己想看的书，或者选出他们想让我读给他们听的书。们想让我读给他们听的书。10.（2020年全国年全国III卷卷D篇）篇）She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task eas

40、ier for them.解析：解析：if引导宾语从句作引导宾语从句作wondered的宾语，的宾语，that引导定语从引导定语从句修饰先行词句修饰先行词physical characteristics。翻译：她想知道，几个世纪以来一直从事潜水活动，是否导翻译：她想知道，几个世纪以来一直从事潜水活动，是否导致了他们的身体特征发生变化，从而使潜水这项任务变得更致了他们的身体特征发生变化，从而使潜水这项任务变得更容易完成。容易完成。Read the introduction about the Brownings.Help the author edit the passage to make i

41、t more concise,using relative clauses if necessary.If you study the history of English literature,you will find the names of Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning,who were one of the most romantic literary couples of the Victorian era.Elizabeth Barrett started to write poetry from about the age of s

42、ix.In 1844,Elizabeths Poems brought her great success and also attracted the admiration of poet Robert Browning.Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.The couple exchanged many letters,which obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two.Eliz

43、abeth had been ill for many years.She stayed at home and almost never saw victors.Browning was sure about his love,so he found a way to visit her,and immediately convinced her to become his bride.However,their subsequent marriage was carried out in secret because her father was dominant and selfish

44、man who would refuse to let his daughter go.The couple moved to Italy in 1846,where Elizabeth lived for the rest of her life.Browning had a great influence on Elizabeths writing.The best evidence that can be found is Sonnets from the Portuguese that were written during the time when she was in love

45、with Robert Browning.随堂训练巩固提升.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature，_，for some reason，had withdrawn from all human society.2That evening，_ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.3Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own

46、 strengths.4Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，_ made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.whowhichwhowhich5“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，”said Laurie Demerit，_ company provided the statistics for the report.6The

47、president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.7The reason _ he explained at the meeting for his absence didnt make sense.8However，this was a time _ one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.9Today we have reached a stage _

48、we have almost no rights at all.10The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.whosewhich(that/which)whenwherewhen.完成句子1This is the dictionary _(我花五十块买的)2The classroom _(门坏了的)will soon be repaired.3Up to now，he has written ten stories，_(其中三部)are about country life.4_(正如所

49、料)，the English team won the football match.5There are about seven million people taking part in the election，_(其中大部分受过良好教育)6October 1th，1949，was the day _ _(新中国成立)(which/that)I spend fifty yuan onwhose door is brokenthree of whichAs is expectedmost of whom receive a good educationwhen the Peoples Re

50、public of China was founded.语法填空Last Christmas，I wanted to give the woman 1._ cleans my apartment a nice gift in 2._(appreciate)Since I know she doesnt have much money，I decided3._(write)her a generous check so she could use it however she wanted.I put it in an attractive card with a photo of a cat