电子教案·实用英语口译实训教程课件.ppt
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1、第10单元 数字口译 1(Figures in Interpreting 1)口译技巧之数字口译Outline导入练习导入练习数字口译概述数字口译概述分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译实战训练实战训练Reading and interpreting numbers properly Read the following numbers in English 123 一万 100000000 87654321 Interpreting numbers 1 亿?100 mn,0.1 bn 150 billion?15亿?E.g.This amount would be enough to servi
2、ce its$10 billion debt.AmE or BrE?十亿 一百亿 一千亿 一万亿(avoid using 兆)Interpreting Chinese ordinal numbers Challenges:cultural differences cognitive loads E.g.1 这是您第几次访问中国?E.g.2 你们队得了第几名?E.g.3 令公子排行第几?In Chinese we often hear or talk about ordinal numbers.If we interpret in English,we have to change the wa
3、ys of asking/inquiry.这是您第几次来中国?Is this your first visit to China?This isnt your first visit to China,is it?How many times have you been in China?你们队得了第几名?Did your team win the championship?Did you get/win the first place in the competition?这孩子是(你的)老几呀?Is this your oldest/youngest child/son/daughter?
4、数字口译 数字翻译是口译中的一大难关,数字之所以难译,其中一个主要原因在于英语和汉语对于四位数以上的数字的表达,有不同的段位概念和分段方法。英语数字以每三位数为一段位,而汉语则以每四位数为一段位。不同的表达方式不同的表达方式英语英语分节号:分节号:thousand,million,thousand,million,billion billion(十亿)(十亿)汉语汉语档位:个、十、百、千、档位:个、十、百、千、万、亿万、亿1,000,000,000bmth亿万 千数字的翻译口译数字的关键在于记录口译数字的关键在于记录填空计数填空计数bmth十亿亿千万百万十万万千百十个第一段位OneTenHun
5、dred第二段位ThousandTen thousandHundred thousand第三段位MillionTen millionHundred million第四段位BillionTen billionHundred billion第五段位Trillion第一段位个 十 百 千 第二段位万十万 百万 千万第三段位亿十亿百亿千亿第四段位兆(万亿)汉语数字分段法:英语数字分段法:阿拉伯数字阿拉伯数字英语英语汉语汉语1One一10Ten十100Onehundred一百1,000Onethousand一千10,000Tenthousand一万(首位*10)thousand100,000Onehun
6、dredthousand十万(首位*10)thousand1,000,000Onemillion一百万10,000,000Tenmillion一千万(首位*10)million100,000,000Onehundredmillion一亿(首位*100)million1,000,000,000Onebillion十亿(首位/10)billion10,000,000,000Tenbillion一百亿(首位/10)billion100,000,000,000Onehundredbillion一千亿(首位/10)billion1,000,000,000,000Onetrillion一兆(万亿)Comm
7、on mistakes in interpreting numbers multi-digital numbers times approximate numbers Pronouncing numbers 14%?40%?Tip:13%-19%common mispronunciations Hearing numbers S/SE Asians 14%=40%?U.S.1000=one thousand?Ten hundred?2.数字的翻译 一万:一万:10 thousand 十万:十万:100 thousand 百万:百万:million 千万:千万:10 million 亿:亿:10
8、0 million 十亿:十亿:a billion数字的翻译 分节号的作用分节号的作用 five thousand 5,thirty-two thousand 32,five million 5,twenty five million 25,one billion 1,用横向方式表现为:billion million thousand万 千 百 十 千 百 十 亿,亿 万 万,万 万 千,百 十 个 2,8 6 3,5 8 9,4 0 0汉语读作:二十八亿六千三百五十八万九千四百英语读作:two billion,eight hundred sixty-three million,five hu
9、ndred eighty-nine thousand and four hundred 实践是训练数字互译的根本途径。口译教学要集中一段时间专门进行数字口译训练。译员只有经过大量反复的数字口译实践才能掌握英汉数字互译的不同特点和规律,达到数字互译脱口而出,快速、准确的程度。Read the following figures in Chinese:3,8993,9087,00930,00990,59179,301780,120504,781312,6852,345,4101,129,1051,001,45331,289,09810,209,01324,155,876160,890,232101
10、,870,171278,067,9911,898,220,0001,029,991,12490,892,134,783672,009,719,2298,890,234,891,889135,481,901,270 Read the following Chinese figures in English,and write down the figures in Arabic figures:六万 五十七万 四百七十六万 九百六十一万 五千九百三十三万 七百五十亿 十一亿七千五百万 三千五百三十八万五千 九亿三千六百七十七万七千分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译 Fractions(cardin
11、al no./ordinal no.)六分之一:六分之一:二分之一:二分之一:四分之一:四分之一:四分之三:四分之三:one-sixtha/one halfa/one quarterthree quarters 8%eight percent 15%fifteen percent 42%forty-two percent 4.35%four point three five percent 0.5%point five percent 4.032four point naught three two 71.006seventy-one point naught naught six 1/2on
12、e half;a half 1/3one third 1/4a quarter 3/5three-fifths 7/8seven-eighths 1/10one-tenth 1/100one-hundredth;one percent 1/1000one-thousandth 14/1000fourteen-thousandths 1/10000one-ten thousandths 2-1/2two and a half 4-2/3four and two-thirds分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译五分之二:五分之二:十分之七:十分之七:千分之三:千分之三:two-fifthsseven-
13、tenthsthree-thousandths分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译 Fractions六十分之九十七:六十分之九十七:七十五分之三十四:七十五分之三十四:ninety-seven over sixty-threethirty-four over seventy-five 分数和小数的口译分数和小数的口译六又七分之四:六又七分之四:六又二分之一:六又二分之一:九又四分之三:九又四分之三:six and four-seventhssix and a halfnine and three quarters分数和分数和小数的口译小数的口译0.7:0.546:0.009%:point sev
14、en;zero point sevenpoint five four sixzero point o o nine percent分数和分数和小数的口译小数的口译9.007:87.36%:nine point 0 0 seven;eighty-seven point three six percent分数和分数和小数的口译小数的口译0.8 万万:0.7亿:亿:0.93亿:亿:56.08万:万:8,000;eight thousand70,000,000;seventy million93,000,000;ninety-three million560,800;five hundred and
15、sixty thousand eight hundred 模糊数字的口译模糊数字的口译 口译中经常遇到一些模糊数字,如“几个”、“十几个”、“几十个”、“成百上千个”等等。模糊数字的口译虽也有一定的规律,但主要靠平时熟记,用时才能熟练自如,准确无误。注意以下模糊数字的口译 几个 十几个 几十个 几十年 七十好几了 好几百个 成千上万 几十万 some;a few;/several;a number of more than 10;no more than twenty dozens of Decades well over seventy hundreds of thousands of hu
16、ndreds of thousands ofNote the following ways of uncertain numberswell over seventyin her/his early twentiesin her/his late thirtiesthousands and thousands ofhundreds ofthousands upon thousand ofhundreds of thousands ofmillions ofhundreds of millions ofa decadea score/four score and seven years agoa
17、 generationhalf a centurycentennial Century 实战训练第11单元 数字口译 2(Figures in Interpreting 2)Figures in Interpreting 2数字的记录方法数字的记录方法Recording Numbers数字趋势变化的表达数字趋势变化的表达 The expression of number fluctuation 1.增/减百分比的口译 2.倍数的表达Recording Numbers用英文字母用英文字母“t”、“m”、“b”、和、和“tr”分别表示分别表示“thousand”、“million”、“billio
18、n”和和“trillion”等段位。等段位。123m456t 用逗号用逗号“,”、斜杠号、斜杠号“/”、横线、横线“”或用字母或用字母“k”表示表示“000”。123,456,123,456/123,456 123,456K转换成目的语记录。转换成目的语记录。1亿亿2345万万6千千数字趋势变化的表达 The expression of number fluctuation向上趋势向上趋势增加:增加:increase,rise,grow,go up增长到:增长到:expand to,increase to,go up to,be up to,rise to增长了:增长了:go up by x%
19、,increase by x%爬升:爬升:climb,pick up飙升:飙升:surge up,hike sth.up,jump up,shoot up,soar,skyrocket向下趋势向下趋势 下降:下降:decrease,decline,drop,fall,go down,reduce 猛跌:猛跌:slump,plunge,be slashed,tumble 稍降:稍降:be trimmed,dip 波动趋势超过:超过:surpass,exceed,be more than,be over达到:达到:reach,amount to,be up to,arrive at,hit;总计:
20、总计:total,add up to,amount to占(百分比):占(百分比):account for,occupy,make up,take多达:多达:be as much as,be as many as,be up to1.1 1.1 增增/减了减了 Between 1986 and 1987,Nikes sales dropped 18 percent and profits sank by more than 40 percent as a result of competition with Reebok.与“锐步”鞋业竞争的结果,从1986到1987年,耐克(鞋)的销售额下降
21、了18%,利润下降了40%多。By putting out more than one new shoe style everyday on average,in 1995 and 1996,Nikes sales and profits grew 71 percent and 80 percent respectively;meanwhile,Nikes closest rival Reebok grew just nine percent in the same period.靠平均每天推出一个以上新(鞋)款式,1995到1996,耐克的销售额和利润分别上涨了71%和80%。而同期最接近耐
22、克的竞争对手锐步只上涨了9%。1.增增/减百分比的口译减百分比的口译 1.2 1.2 与与相比,增相比,增/减了减了%1999年,普通高校招生规模比上年扩大了年,普通高校招生规模比上年扩大了47.4%。University and college enrollment in 1999 increased by 47.4 percent over the previous year.同同1997年相比,年相比,1998年工业排污减少了年工业排污减少了11.6%;家庭排污增加了家庭排污增加了2.6%。Compared with 1997,the discharge of industrial wa
23、stewater dropped by 11.6 percent,while that of domestic sewage rose by 2.6 percent in 1998.1.3 增/减率 去年收入总计人民币去年收入总计人民币150亿元,亿元,比上年增长比上年增长20%。The revenue of last year totaled RMB 15 b yuan,a 20%increase over the previous year.1.4 增/减具体数字的英译也可用“by”+具体数字来表示。我国水土流失面积每年以我国水土流失面积每年以10,000平方公里的速度在扩大。平方公里的速
24、度在扩大。目前,水土流失面积已达目前,水土流失面积已达367万平方公里万平方公里,占总土地面积将近占总土地面积将近38%。The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km.annually to 3.67 million square km.at present,accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area.由于低温多雨的影响由于低温多雨的影响,我国夏粮减产我国夏粮减产1460万吨。万吨。Chinas output of summe
25、r grain declined by 14.6 million tons due to low temperature and rainy days during the growing period.2.1 特殊倍数的表达 Quadruple 到到2020年实现国内生产总值比年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番年翻两番,达到达到40,000亿美元左右。亿美元左右。By 2020,Chinas GDP will quadruple that of 2000 to approximately USD 4 trillion.今年的粮食产量比去年增长今年的粮食产量比去年增长3成成.The outp
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