Unit 1 Reading and thinking Discovering Useful Structure-ppt课件-（2022）新人教版(2019新版)高中英语选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、【版本：人教册别：选择性必修二】Reading and Thinking:Understand the questioning mindLearning Objectivesu Find out the stages of scientific research in this passage.u Learn about John Snows research process u Express your idea on the given topic through creative thinkingcontentsPre-readingLanguage PointsWhile readin

2、gHomeworkPost-readingPre-readingrun nucleic acid tests get vaccinatedWe are taking measures to fight against coronavirus!Are you familiar with these situations?l It was discovered in the human body in 2019.The virus is generally characterised by fever,dry cough and gradually dyspnea(逐渐出现呼吸困难逐渐出现呼吸困难

3、).l The virus was confirmed to be with the phenomenon of human transmission and have latent infection.l The disease had no specific treatment at that time,so it broke out in 2020 and swept the globe.COVID-19Besides coronavirus,what other kinds of epidemics（流行病）have you heard of?bird-flu（禽流感）malaria（

4、疟疾）plague（鼠疫）Ebola(埃博拉)What are the symptoms(症状)of Cholera？It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.dehydration(缺水)severe vomiting(呕吐)diarrhea(腹泻)Many years ago,the cholera in the world killed millions of people.People were very afraid of it,but they d

5、idnt know what to do.Luckily,a young doctor decided to find out how to prevent and treat the disease.Finally,the doctor won the battle.What will be talked about from the title?John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”Who?How?What?STAGES IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Draw a conclusion Collect data Ask a question Find

6、 a problem Analyse the results Find supporting evidence Think of a method While readingRead the whole text quickly and match the main ideas.the second Its one of _ in the world,because it causes _._(when),an outbreak of cholera hit _ milions of people _.He rose to become _,and even _ Queen Victoria

7、when she gave birth.John Snow became _ because no one knew _.However,he had a desire to _ once and for all.the most feared diseasessevere diarrhoea and dehydrationIn the early 19th centuryEuropedied from the diseasefrustratedhow to prevent or treat choleraa famous doctorattended to destroy cholera P

8、ara.1Research backgroundTheory one:caused by _Theory two:caused by _coughsneezerunny noselungdiarrhoeadehydrationbad air germs Para.2Find a problemPara.2Ask a questionWhat did John Snow investigate when another outbreak hit London in 1854?He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outb

9、reak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”What method did Snow use?A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”u Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street?u Which houses had n

10、o death in Broad Street?Multiple deaths happened here.No death happened here.He suspected that the water from the pump was to blame.Think of a method&Collect data&Anayse the resultsPara.3Find supporting evidence&Draw a conclusionPlacePersonEventIn another part of London A woman and her daughterDied

11、of cholera because of drinking the water delivered from the pump Remove the handle of the pumpThe disease was stopped.Para.3A:It was believed that cholera was caused by bad _ or germs in _.B:Snow_the places where the people who _ had lived C:Many deaths occurred near the _ in Broad Street.Some peopl

12、e _ drunk the water from the pump,and lived.A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _.D:The pump water carried _.conclusionevidenceE:The _ of the pump was removed.processsolutionhandletheoriesairfood or watermarked on thediedwater pumphadntdrinking watercholera germsRead from P

13、ara.2-3 again and complete the chart below.conclusion evidence process solution theoriesmapfrom the pumpWater companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste,causing people who drank this water to get malaria.l Water companies began to sell clean water.l The threat of chole

14、ra around the world decreased.l He helped people know how to prevent cholera.l Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.2.What contributions did John Snow make?1.What caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854?Para.4-5TruthWas cholera defeated completely?Para.4-5Was cholera defeated

15、completely?To prevent cholera from spreading,wed better drink pure or boiled water and eat clean food.Para.4-5Post-readingFill in the blanks according to the text.In the early 19th century,an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,_(cause)millions of deaths.Seeing this,John Snow became frustrated because no

16、 one knew how _(prevent)or treat cholera.At that time,doctors had two theories to explain how cholera spread.One was that bad air caused the disease and another was that cholera was caused by germs in food or water.John discovered that in two particular street _ cholera outbreak was _ severe that ov

17、er 500 people died in ten days.Through his serious _(investigate),he found it was the pump water in Broad Street _ resulted in the disease.Therefore,he had the handle of the pump _(remove).causingto preventthesoinvestigationthatremovedIt turned out that the water from the pump _(infect)by waste.Thro

18、ugh Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw _ substantial decrease.Snow transformed the way _ scientists study diseases.For this reason,he is considered the father of modern epidemiology.Fill in the blanks according to the text.

19、had been infectedthat/in whichauAs a doctor,he helped us to _.uAs a scientist,he found out _.Evaluation of John Snowwhat caused choleraprevent choleraWhat qualities do you think John Snow has?To set out a new scientific idea through a scientific research,what qualities do you think are the three mos

20、t important ones that the researcher should be equipped with?And give your reasons in brief.hard-working lazy patient edgy(急躁的急躁的)sympathetic wise devoted selfish honest reliable calm stubborn generous responsible meticulous(缜密的缜密的)handsome careful determinedGroup-workingLanguage Points1one of the m

21、ost feared diseases2become frustrated3attend to sb4lose desire to do sth5once and for all6in general7two contradictory theories最可怕的疾病之一最可怕的疾病之一变得沮丧变得沮丧照顾某人照顾某人失去做失去做某某事的欲望事的欲望一劳永逸一劳永逸一般说来一般说来两种截然不同的看法两种截然不同的看法Important phrases(P2)8an infection from germs in food or water9subscribe to the second theo

22、ry10 in two particular streets11 be determined to find out why12 begin by marking the exact places13 multiple deaths near the water pump食物或水中细菌的感染食物或水中细菌的感染赞同第二种赞同第二种看法看法在两条特别的街道上在两条特别的街道上下下决心找出原因决心找出原因从标记确切的位置开始从标记确切的位置开始水泵附近多人死亡水泵附近多人死亡Important phrases(P2)14suspect that the water pump is to blame

23、15whats more/moreover16have it delivered to her house17as a result of the evidence18have the handle removed19raw waste怀疑是水泵造成的怀疑是水泵造成的而且而且让人让人把它送到她家把它送到她家由于这个证据由于这个证据拆掉把手拆掉把手未经处理的废未经处理的废弃弃物物Important phrases(P2-P3)1.Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,until a British doct

24、or,John Snow,showed how it could be overcome.until 引导 _ 从句，how 引导 _ 从句。时间状语时间状语宾语宾语(1)I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut.(2)I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.until 表示表示“直到直到为止为止”，主句的谓语动词为，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词延续性动词，主句为肯定句，主

25、句为肯定句；not until 表示表示“直到直到才才”，主句的谓语动词为，主句的谓语动词为短暂性动词短暂性动词，主句为否定句。，主句为否定句。Important sentences(P2 P3)在英国医生约翰在英国医生约翰斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。(Para.1,Line 1)He didnt go to bed until he completed his homework.(对画线部分进行强调)not until 用于强调句型中要强调until后面的部分：需要把until部分提前

26、 还要把not一起提前 It wasnt until he completed his homework that he went to bed.It wasnt until that 句子的其余部分Important sentences(P2 P3)It wasnt until he finished his homework that he went to bed.(改为一般疑问句)Was it not until he finished his homework that he went to bed?not until 用于一般疑问句型中强调句的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it 被强

27、调部分 that 句子的其余部分Important sentences(P2 P3)1.The students didnt stop talking until the teacher came in.2.The sports meet will not be held until next week._ _ next week _ the sports meet be held.Not until willnot until 用于倒装结构 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.Important senten

28、ces(P2 P3)1.直到比赛开始他才来到。He _ the game had begun.2.如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去看，或者我会一直等 到DVD版出来才看。If a lot of people say a film is not good,I wont bother to see it,or I will _.3.直到约翰进入大学之后，他才意识到时间的重要性。(倒装)_ _ wait until it comes out on DVD didnt arrive untilNot until John went to college did he realize the imp

29、ortance of time.即学即练Important sentences(P2 P3)2.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他他发现发现霍乱霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡多人死亡。(Para.2,Line 5)so that 意为意为“如此如此以至于以至于”，用来引导，用来引导结果状语从句。结果状语从句。3.It see

30、med that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.该该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水打水 运运到家里来。到家里来。(Para.3,Line 14)Important sentences(P2 P3)1.It rained so heavily that we had to stay at home.2.The question is so difficult t

31、hat we can not work it out.3.It is so busy a day that we dont go swimming.Observe and Find 主语+实义动词+so+副词+that 从句 主语+系动词（be,become,feel 等）+so+形容词+that 从句 主语+系动词+so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that 从句Important sentences(P2 P3)4.I have made so many mistakes that I must stay at home to reflect on them.5.What a pity

32、!We have got so little money that we can not eat at restaurants.6.The shirt cost so much that I did not want to take it.主语+谓语+so+many/few+可数名词复数+that 从句 主语+谓语+so+much/little+不可数名词+that 从句 主语+谓语+so+many(much,few,little)+that 从句Observe and FindImportant sentences(P2 P3)so.that 用于倒装结构 The speaker was s

33、o nervous that his legs were trembling.即学即练n 这个演讲者如此紧张，以至于双腿发抖。（翻译）So nervous was the speaker that his legs were trembling.Important sentences(P2 P3)4.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.于是于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。(Para.3,Line 16)so th

34、at 是从属连词，在此用来引导 _ 从句。意义为“_”，可用 _ 从句来替换。这种从句的谓语动词一般要和情态动词_ 等连用。目的状语目的状语 为了为了；以便以便 in order that can/could/may/mightImportant sentences(P2 P3)so that 引导结果状语从句时，意义为“结果是”，“以至于”，一般不与情态动词连用，有时可用逗号与主句隔开，有时则不用。这种从句可用 so that 从句来转换。=It rained so hard that we had to stay at home yesterday.Compare and Find It

35、rained hard yesterday so that we had to stay at home.Important sentences(P2 P3)5.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.与与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染染 上上霍乱。霍乱。(Para.4,Line 4)more than 结构可以由结构可以由 far,much,

36、a little,slightly,hardly,nothing,no 等词修饰，一般置于等词修饰，一般置于 more than 结构前。结构前。Observe and Find(1)This little man was hardly more than 1.5m fifty tall.(2)She could have thought of nothing more likely to please her brother than this praise of Maggie.Important sentences(P2 P3)Homework1.Draw a mind map about how John Snow defeated the“King Cholera”.2.Complete the exercises on P4&P5.