Unit 1 Discovering Useful Structures 现在分词的用法-ppt课件-（2022）新人教版(2019新版)高中英语必修第三册.pptx

1、unit1unit1Festivals and celebrationsFestivals and celebrationsDiscovering Useful StructuresDiscovering Useful Structures1 These lanterns are amazing.2 During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.3 Families celebrating the Lunar New

2、 Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together.作表语，常放在系动词之后作表语，常放在系动词之后作前置定语，修饰名词作前置定语，修饰名词mooncelebrating the Lunar New Year 短语作后置定语，修饰短语作后置定语，修饰families;exciting 作前置定语，修饰作前置定语，修饰dragon dancesPay attention to the usage of the underlined words.*I think the Rio Carnival would be the mo

3、st exciting.*Do you mind passing me that dictionary?*Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,in spite of its religious origins.*Hearing the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.表语表语宾语宾语定语定语状语状语1、动词、动词-ing形式表示主语的内容时，可以转换到句首作主语。形式表示主语的内容时，可以转换到句首作主语。【例句

4、】【例句】Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.(Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。【例句】【例句】Her duty is taking care of the babies.(Taking care of the babies is her duty.)照看婴儿是她的职责。照看婴儿是她的职责。2、动词动词-ing形式表示主语的某种性质和特征时，通常可以看作形容形式表示主语的

5、某种性质和特征时，通常可以看作形容词。常用来作表语的现在分词有词。常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing，amusing，confusing，disappointing，boring，encouraging，inspiring，moving，tiring，interesting，surprising等。等。【例句】【例句】The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。这个问题很令人困惑。【例句】【例句】The film we saw last night was very moving.我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。【例句

6、】【例句】【例句】【例句】【例句】【例句】is being discussedis playingembarrassingcoming1.后接动词-ing作宾语的动词 此类词有很多,常见的以口诀形式列举如下:建议suggest/advise考虑consider保持keep练 practise 允许permit/allow想象imagine否deny冒险 risk 阻止prevent错过miss完finish避开avoid/escape 介意mind抵制resist承admit喜欢enjoy I often practise listening and speaking.我经常练习听和说。Do

7、you mind passing me that dictionary?你介意递给我那本词典吗?2.后接动词-ing作宾语的动词短语 此类短语有很多,如:feel like(想),cant help(忍不住),give up(放 弃),put off(推迟),insist on(坚持)等。When he doesnt feel like talking,we just let him be.他不想说话时,我们就任其自便吧。She couldnt help crying when she heard the news.听到那则消息她忍不住哭起来。容易被忽视的短语后接动词-ing的情况列举如下:1

8、.有些短语其后to不是不定式符号,而是介词,后面可接动词-ingobject to 反对lead to 导致stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意look forward to 期望get down to 着手get rise to 引起be opposed to 反对be used/accustomed to 习惯2.有些短语或句式中介词经常省略,要注意此时后面仍接动词-ingspend.(in)be busy(in)have a（n）.time(in)have difficulty/trouble(in)There is no point(in)stop/preven

9、t.(from)1、You cant imagine what difficulty the freshmen had (consult)the French dictionary.consulting2、I didnt mean _(eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _(try)it.to eattrying3、These flowers need （water）.=These flowers need to be watered.watering1.动词-ing作状语时其形式的选择 形式内在含

10、义doing与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,与谓语动作同时 或几乎同时发生。having done与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,且先于谓语动作发生。having been done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动作发生。动词-ing作状语用法作时间状语相当于when/while/after等引导的时间状语从句作原因状语相当于as/since/because引导的原因状语从句作条件状语相当于if/unless引导的条件状语从句作让步状语相当于though/although等引导的让步状语从句作结果状语表示自然而然的结果,可扩展为并列分句或定语从句作方式或伴随状语表示与谓语动作同时

11、发生的次要(或伴随)动作,通常可扩展为并列分句。2.动词-ing作状语的语法功能 Hearing the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.When they heard the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.听到这个消息,他们立即出发去上海了。(时间)Being tired,I stopped to have a rest.Because I was tired,I stopped to have a rest.我累了,停下来休息。(原因)He comes home very late

12、 every evening,making his wife very angry.He comes home very late every evening,and it makes his wife very angry.He comes home very late every evening,which makes his wife very angry.他每天晚上回家都很晚,这使他妻子很生气。(结果)I stood there,waiting for her.I stood there,and waited for her.我站在那儿等她。(伴随)1、动词-ing作定语,通常表示动作

13、正在进行或与谓语动作同时发生。通常有两种形式:doing被修饰词与do是主谓关系The professor giving a speech about pollution is from Harvard University.正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。being done被修饰词与do是动宾关系The film being shown in the cinema is great.正在电影院上映的那部电影很不错。1、The astronomy has explained mysteries(神秘的事物)_(confuse)us for thousands of years,but even more significantly,it has opened up more mysteries than any of us can study in our lifetime.confusingTIPS：动词-ing作定语,还可用于说明被修饰词的用途、功能或目的,常放在被修饰词之前。a changing room 一间更衣室 a waiting room一间候车室/候诊室a racing bicycle一辆赛车 a writing desk一张写字桌a swimming pool一个游泳池 a reading room一间阅览室