物流专业英语Unit-One课件.ppt
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1、Unit One What Is Logistics Unit One What Is Logistics Pre-reading Discussion v 1.What do you know about logistics?v 2.What activities do you think are belonged to logistics?v 3.Do you know any logistics companies and what do they do?Introduction 1 Logistics refers to series of activities associated
2、with flow of merchandise,information and payments among suppliers and consumers.It has couples of versions of definitions.The most popular one is introduced by the Council of Logistics Management(the CLM now becomes the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals):the process of planning,implem
3、enting and controlling the efficient,effective flow and storage of goods,services,and related information from the point of origin to the point ofIntroduction consumption for the purpose of conforming to customers requirements.Note that this definition includes inbound,outbound,internal,and external
4、 movements,and return of materials for environmental purposes.Definition2We can briefly conclude logistics as“having the right thing,at the right place,at the right time”.Going to explore the implied meaning,logistics,at its heart deals with satisfying the customer by allocating all kinds of resourc
5、es and arranging various activities.It is the service conception.Logistics usually bring both tangible and intangible benefits to the users.The tangibility is in the form of moving products to the user,while intangibility is known as extra services.Definition3The explanation above is based on the mo
6、dern conception of logistics,which has been changing and developing a great deal from the very beginning and turned out to be more complex.In the following section,lets see how logistics grows.History of Logistics4Logistics as a term was introduced into business by Peter Druker in 1960s,but the acti
7、vity of goods movement existed from very ancient time when trading appeared.In the business world this activity used to be called“physical distribution”.It only refers to delivering raw materials and final products in manufacturing industries.5Logistics received recognition in military operations du
8、ring World War II,and gained its momentum as it contributed to the effective distribution of machinery and supplies to troops.The US and allies have won the war through successful logistics capability.So in a military sense,the term“logistics”encompasses transport organization,army replenishments an
9、d material maintenance.And this sense has been enhanced in the 1991 Gulf War.This kind of movement is more than physical handling,but resource allocating and information management.This is learnt by business which leads to enrich the meaning of logistics in business.The developed logistics means not
10、 only“physical d i s t r i b u t i o n”b u t a l s o i n t e g r a t i n g information and providing quality services.Functions of Logistics 6The modern conception of logistics consists of several functions,which relate with each other,as follows:7Procurement deals with the buying of goods and servi
11、ces that keep the organization functioning.Since these inputs have a direct impact on both the cost and quality of the final product/service offered to the consumer,this activity is vital to the success of the logistics effort.The objective is to secure optimal supplier performance with respect to q
12、uality,timely delivery,and minimum cost of purchased items.To achieve these objectives,it is necessary to develop the satisfactory sources of supply and to maintain good relationships with these suppliers.8There are some basic steps for procurement process.The first step is to receive a request to p
13、lace an order.Second,make a decision on which supplier to choose,based on his past history and the ability to supply highquality product with timely delivery at a reasonable cost.The third step,after selecting the suppliers,is placing an order.Last,make payment.9Packaging focuses on protecting the p
14、roduct while it is being shipped and stored.It needs to be compatible with the processes through which it will pass,such as filling,and with packaging machinery and the design,which related to the costs.Too much packaging increases costs while inadequate protection can result in merchandise damage a
15、nd,finally,customer dissatisfaction.In addition,since every bit of packaging is ultimately discarded,packaging management must also consider the societal costs associated with waste disposal.Increasingly,firms are working to develop materials that provide required levels of protection yet are recycl
16、able or quickly biodegradable.10Inventory management deals with balancing the cost of maintaining additional products available against the risk of not having those items when the customer wants them,which is related with warehouse management(also known as storage and materials handling).The challen
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