高考英语：语法重难点解析.doc

1、高中英语习惯用法汇总【要点点拨】1. Its the first time that.(从句中用现在完成时)It was for the first time that(强调句，对状语for the first time进行强调)Its (high) time that.(从句中用过去时或should do)2. Its the same with sb. / So it is with sb.表示某人也如此（用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓语动词）3.be about to do / be doingwhen.正要做/正在做就在那时.4   A is twice / th

2、ree times as +原级+as BA is twice / three times the n. of B.    A is twice / three times +比较级+than B5.   Its a waste of time / money doing / to doIts no use / good doingIts possible / probable / (un) likely that.It makes great / no sense to do做某事很有/没意义6.     Theres no use / go

3、od doing.Theres no sense / point (in) doingThere is no need for sth. / to do.There is (no) possibility that（同位语从句）7.The+比较级., the+比较级越., 越.注意：前半句为从句，用一般现在时代替将来时；8.    It seems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb.在某人看来某人.= Sb. seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.It seems / l

4、ooks as if.好象/似乎.9.It (so) happened that sb. .某人碰巧.= Sb. happened to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.10.It is said / thought / believed / hoped / supposed .that sb=Sb. is said to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.(注意：这种句型里如带动词hope则不能变成简单句，因为无hope sb. to do结构)12     .such.that

5、.如此.以致于（引导结果状语从句）      .such.as像.的这种(as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句里充当主、宾、表)13. Do you mind if I do sth.?  /  Would you mind if I did sth.?14. The chance is that./ (The )Chances are that.很可能.15.Check / Make sure / See to it  / See that.(从句中常用一般现在时) 确信/务必.16.     depend on

6、 it that.取决于 see to it that.负责/设法做到.注意：除了except / but / in等介词可以直接接that从句，其它介词后必须用it做形式宾语；17  It is / was +介词短语/ 从句/ 名词/代词等+that      How / When / Where / Why is / was it that.?注意：此句型为强调句，当被强调的为表示人的词时，还可用who连接；强调主语时，从句后的谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致；注意与定语从句的区别）18   .How is it that.（这几个句型都表

7、示“怎么会.?” “怎么发生的？”）  How come+从句？  How does / did sth. come about? ( How did it come about that.?)如:How come you are late again?19.    There seems / appears / happens to be / must be / cant be / is (are, was, were) said to be / is (are, was, were) thought to be.表示 “.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可

8、能有/ 据说有/认为有.”      介词（如of ）there being      want / wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有.      adj. / adv. enough for there to be.足够.会有.注意：there being / there to be为there be的非谓语形式；It is said / thought that there is / are=There is / was / are / were said (thou

9、ght) to be. 如：I have never dream of there being such a good chance for me.It wont be cold enough for there to be a frost tonight.20. 疑问词+插入语+陈述语序？Who do you think hell have attend the meeting?21. But for + n. / pron.,  sb. / sth. would (not) have done.要不是., 某人早就(表示虚拟语气)=If it had not been for.,

10、./ If there had not been ., .22.    It won(t) be long before +从句（从句中用一般现在时）不久/很久就要. It was (not) long before+从句（从句中用一般过去时）不久/很久才.23.    Those who.(从句及主句中谓语动词用复数形式). Anyone who= Whoever.(从句及主句中谓语动词用单数形式)24.主句（一般现在时或过去时）.when从句.(might / should do 或might / should have done) 表示”对比”,意

11、思为 “本该(可)而却”,主句中为陈述语气,从句里为虚拟语气,如:Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该上学的怎么在这儿?He stopped trying when he might have succeeded .本该已成功了他却停止努力了.25.    There is ./ Sb. have no doubt that(同位语从句,that不可省略)There is / Sb. have some doubt whether.(同位语从句不可用if)    Sb. doubt if /

12、whether. Sb. dont doubt that26    . immediately / directly / instantly / the moment +从句 on / upon + n. / doing No sooner had sb. done than .(过去时) Hardly had sb. done  when.(过去时)注意：这几个结构都表示“一.就”；27.     every time / each time / the last time / the first time / next time +从句（名

13、词性短语引导一个时间状语句）anywhere / everywhere +从句（相当于wherever引导的地点状语从句）You can go anywhere you like.Next time you come, please bring your son along.28.If only / I  wish +从句(用过去类时态) 表示虚拟语气, “要是.就好了” “但愿就好了!”29   .Considering + n. 或 pron. 或 that从句 / Seeing that.考虑到/鉴于.Given + n. / pron作状语,表示 “在有的情况下”

14、“如果有” “假定”,有时也表示”考虑到”Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.Given their inexperience / that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.30.There was a time when.曾经有那么一度.31.other than与no, not, none等否

15、定词连用,表示肯定意思,如:It was none other than Mr. Smith.这正是Smith先生.32.   Not until.did / do/ does / will sb. doIt was / is not until that sb33.Its (un) like sb. to do / to have done做某事很像某人/ 做某事可不像某人34.It remains to be seen Wh-words .是否.还有待于看.(不用that, if作连接词)35.It only remains for sb. to do剩下的只是要某人做某事.We

16、ve got everything ready. It only remains for you to come to dinner.36.One moment., and now刚才一会儿还在做而现在却.37.Not all / both / everyone表示部分否定38. Such is / are.这(些)就是.(谓语动词单复数由后面名词决定)39.    Id rather (not) do / have done我宁愿.    Id rather +从句（从句中用过去时或过去完成时）40. Its important / necessary

17、 / strange / surprising.+that(用陈述语气或should do)41. I like / hate / appreciate it that / when等从句 (it表示后面从句的这种情况)I appreciate it if you will give me a hand.42. By the time +从句（一般现在时/过去时），主句（将来完成时/过去完成时）43., as is often the case with sb. / as is usual with sb.(as引导非限制性定语从句)44 in case / lest / for fear t

18、hat.(从句中用陈述语气或should do)45.While置于句首可表示As long as 或 AlthoughWhile there is life there is hope.While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.46.   can not ( never) too +adj. (adv. ) / adj. (adv.) + enough “越越好”“非常”   too + adj. ( anxious / eager / willing / ready / glad等)+to do.表示肯定

19、意思I cant thank you enough.我非常感激你.He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to see his father.47. not / never等表示否定的词与比较级连用表示最高级，如：-Do you agree with his suggestion? -I cant agree more.48. What if.要是.怎么办？What if he doesnt come tomorrow?49. more.than与其.不如.He is more nervous than frightened. &

20、nbsp;  50. It is / has been +一段时间+since从句(从句中如为延续性动词,则实际表示的意思相反)It is two years since he drank.他不喝酒已两年了.高考重要句型精讲句型1    would rather that somebody did“宁愿；更愿意”(表示现在或将来的愿望)    would rather that somebody had done“宁愿；更愿意”（表示过去的愿望）例句Id rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现

21、在去寄信。Id rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.  我到情愿你不是个知名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。Id rather that I hadnt seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。句型2as if/though+主语+did/had done好像（表示现在或将来的情况用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时）参考句型4例句Our head teacher treats us as if we were her

22、 own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her. Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。句型3   “wish +宾语从句”，表示不大 可能实现的愿望表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时；表示过去的愿望：主语+had done；表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do例句How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我们学

23、生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己！I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadnt wasted so much time playing!What a pity you cant go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!句型4    Its high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) 早就该例句 Its time that you went to school.=

24、Its time that you should go to school. Its high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了。I think its high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。句型5情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法could have done “本来可以”（表示过去没有实现的可能）。might have done “本来可能；本来应该或可以做某事”（实际没有发生；含有轻微的责备语气。should/ought to ha

25、ve done “本来该做某事”（而实际未做）should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”（实际却做过了，含有责备语气）neednt have done “本来不必做”（但是已经做过了）would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”（实际没有做过）；否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。句型6as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。注意although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或

26、名词放在连词前。参考倒装结构 请注意下列句式的变化：例句1. Although/Though Im young, I already know what career I want to follow.Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.  Much as/though I respect him,

27、 I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的观点。3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.  Child（省略冠词）as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。4. Although he tried, he couldnt solve the problem.  Try as he might, he couldnt so

28、lve the problem. 尽管他努力了，但是他没有解决问题。5. Although it is raining, Im going out for a walk.  Raining as it is, Im going out for a walk. 天虽然在下雨，我还是要出去散步。 6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 虽然我很想帮助你，但是我

29、有很多事要做。8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。句型7 before特殊用法（1）“没来得及就”例句The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could

30、 have a word with her. 让我非常失望的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。句型8 before特殊用法（2）“过了多久才”或“动作进行到什么程度才”例句They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。He almost kno

31、cked me down before he knew it.他几乎撞到我了才意识到。We had walked a long way before we found some water. 我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五年过去了。句型9It was + 时间段+before.“过了多久才（怎么样）”It was not long before.“不久，就”It will (not) be +时间段+before.“要过多久（不久）才”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态) 例句It was not lon

32、g before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险。It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业。It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概不久就会互相了解。句型10in case of(+n.) “以防；万一”；in case that“以防，万一”（谓语动词用一般现

33、在时态或should+动词原形）例句In case of fire, what should we do?Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).带上雨伞，以防下雨。 句型11 It强调句型强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部

34、分 + who（主要指人时）/that + 其余部分注意1这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括时间，地点，方式，原因等），但是不能强调谓语动词（参考句型15）。原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It isthat/who.；原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It wasthat/who.；    强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how, 必须用that。例句1I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.It was I who saw him in the street yesterday af

35、ternoon.（强调主语）It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语）It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（强调时间状语） It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调宾语）例句2He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. It was not until his mother came back tha

36、t he went to bed. He didnt do his homework until his father came back from work. It wasnt until his father came back from work that he did his homework. 例句3Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him. It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize ho

37、w much you value him. 只有你快要失去某个人时，你才意识到你是多么尊重他。例句4I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour. It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again. （强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句，because不能换成since, as, for, now that等）注意2强调句的疑问结构一般疑问句 Is / Was

38、it +被强调部分 +who / that ?特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that?                                                  What is/was it that? Who is/was it that? When is/was it that? Wher

39、e is/was it that? Why is/was it that? How is/was it that? 例句1I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. When was it that you saw him in the street?Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?例句2I dont know when he will come back. I do

40、nt know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序）How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个朋友。句型12（1）、祈使句（表条件）+ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句（表结果） “否则，要不然” （2）、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果）例句Hurry up, or youll be late for class. Please call me up b

41、efore you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out.你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。Think it over and you will find the answer. Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。句型13until.“直到时候”；notuntil“直到才”例句You are to stay until/till your mother comes b

42、ack. 你得等到你妈妈回来。The meeting was put off until ten oclock. 会议推迟到十点钟。The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句）等到湖里的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。He didnt go

43、 to bed until his mother came back.It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（强调句）Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed. 句型14 unless“除非，如果不”(=ifnot)例句I shall go tomor

44、row unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。Shall Tom go and play football?Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作业，否则不能出去。 I wont go unless he comes to invite me himself.除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。I wont attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited).除非被邀请，否则我不去参加的生日晚会。句型15when引导的从句when除了用来引导主

45、语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有一种用法值得关注，那就是when引导并列分句，意思是“这时突然；就在那时”，强调另一个动作的突然发生。常用于以下句型中：（1）、主语 + be doing when意思是“正在做某事这时”；（2）、主语 + be about to dowhen；（3）、主语+be on the point of (doing) when意思是“正要去做某事这时”例句One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuc

46、k正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。I dont know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达。I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来。 I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for h

47、elp. 我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救。I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会来临。比较I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailors shop. 我正在街上走，这时我看见一家裁缝店。I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailors shop. 我在街上走。就在那时我看见一家裁缝店。 句型16 wh