第十二章含氮有机化合物课件.ppt

1、CH NO2CH3CH32硝基丙烷硝基丙烷NO2硝基苯硝基苯NO2CH3间硝基甲苯间硝基甲苯3硝基甲苯硝基甲苯Cl3CNO2硝基三氯甲烷硝基三氯甲烷HNO3420NO2+NO2+CH3CH2NO2+CH3NO225%40%10%25%CH3HNO3H2SO4CH3NO2+CH3NO2NO2NO2H2,Cu/SiO2270475NH24 ArNO2 +9Fe +4H2OFeCl2pH=564 ArNH2 +3 Fe3O4H2NO2NNO2NH4HS50H2NH2NNO2CH3O2NNO2Na2S290CH3O2NNH2CH3NH2甲胺NHCH3CH3二甲胺NHCH3CH3CH2甲乙胺NH2环己胺

2、NH2苯胺NH2萘胺萘胺CHCH3CH3CHNH2CH2CH32甲基甲基3氨基戊烷氨基戊烷CH3CHNHCH3CH2CH2CH3甲氨基戊烷甲氨基戊烷2,4-二甲基二甲基-4-氨基戊烷氨基戊烷CH3CH CH2CH CH3CH3NH22-甲基甲基-4-氨基戊烷氨基戊烷CH3CNH2CH2CHCH3CH3CH3CHNH2CH2CH3CHCH3CH32甲基甲基3戊胺戊胺CH CH2CH2CH3NHCH3CH3N甲基甲基2戊胺戊胺(CH3)4N+Cl-氯化四甲基铵氯化四甲基铵CH3CH2N(CH3)3+Br-溴化三甲基乙基铵溴化三甲基乙基铵RX+NH3RNH2RXR2NHRXR3NRXR4N+X-CH

3、3OH+NH3CH3NH2 +(CH3)2NH +(CH3)3N350400 0.5MPaAl2O3OH+NH3Al2O3,SiO2385,1.7MPa NH2+H2OOH+NH3(NH4)2SO4,NH4HSO4150,0.6MPa NH2+H2O4 ArNO2 +9Fe +4H2OFeCl2pH=564 ArNH2 +3 Fe3O4+NH3R CHOR CH NHH2R CH2NH2CRRO +RNH2CRRNRH2CHNHRRRCHNH2RR结构的胺。结构的胺。C O+NH3+H2CH3CH3雷尼镍 CHNH2+H2OCH3CH3CNCN催化氢化130，13.6MPa雷尼镍,H2NH2N

4、H2LiAlH4还原CNCH3LiAlH4乙醚CH2NH2CH388%C N(CH3)2OLiAlH4乙醚CH2N(CH3)288%CCOONHKOHCCOONKRICCOONRRNH2+COONaCOONaNaOHH2OC NH2ORBr2/NaOHRNH2RNRHNH2碱碱性性酰酰化化基基烷烷化化基基重重氮氮化化亲亲电电取取代代氧氧化化RNH2 +H2O R NH3+OH-NHCH3CH3NH2CH3NCH3CH3CH3NH3NH2OHNH2OH+NH2NO2NH2NO2+CH3NH2 +HClCH3NH3+Cl-(CH3)3N +HCl(CH3)3N+Cl-NH2 +H2SO4NH3+H

5、SO4-NH3+HSO4-+2NaOHNH2+Na2SO4+2H2O(CH3)3N+Cl-+NaOH(CH3)3N +NaOH +NaClRNH2 +RC XORC NHR +HXOC O COOR R2NH +RR C NR2 +RCOOHOR C NR2OH+or OH-RCOOH +R2NHRNH2R2NHR3NSO2ClCH3NaOHCH3SO2NRHCH3SO2NR2R3N(不反应)水蒸气蒸馏溶于NaOH不溶于NaOH蒸馏液(R3N)余液过滤滤液沉淀HClRNH2HClR2NHCH2NH2+CH3IC2H5OH6070CH2NHCH3CH2N(CH3)2CH2N(CH3)3+I-15

6、%45%10%CH Br +CH3NH2CH3CH3CH NHCH3CH3CH3RNH2+NaNO2+2HClRN N+Cl-+NaCl+2H2OR+N2NH2NaNO2+HCl05N2+Cl-RNH(Ar)RNaNO2+HCl05RN(Ar)RNO 亚硝胺 亚硝胺N(CH3)2NaNO2+HClN(CH3)2ONNH2+3 Br2NH2BrBrBr白色白色NH2(CH3CO)2ONHCOCH3CH3COOHBr2BrNHCOCH3H3+OBrNH290%NH2(CH3CO)2ONHCOCH3HNO3H2SO4,NO2NHCOCH3H3+ONO2NH2NH2H2SO4NH3+HNO3H2SO4

7、NH3+NO2OH-NH2NO2NH2H2SO4NH3+OH-H2SO4SO3HNH3+SO3HNH2NH2H2SO4NH3+HSO4-H2ONHSO3H180SO3HNH2NH2MnO2,H2SO4OOH2NiHOOHClCl145180,9.5MPa4 NH3H2NNH24ClCH2COOH2 Na2CO3NCH2CH2NHOOCCH2HOOCCH2CH2COOHCH2COOHCH2CH2NH2NH2Cl2ClClNaCNCNCNH2雷尼镍NH2NH2COOHCOOH2NH3-4H2OCNCNH2雷尼镍NH2NH2OH+NH3Al2O3,SiO2385,1.7MPa NH2+H2O4 Ar

8、NO2 +9Fe +4H2OFeCl2pH=564 ArNH2 +3 Fe3O4+Br-CH2N(CH3)2C12H25新洁尔灭新洁尔灭+Br-OCH2CH2N(CH3)2C12H25杜灭芬杜灭芬CH2Br+NaCN CH2CN(CH3)4N+OH-(CH3)3N +CH3OH无无无无 -H H H H有有有有 -H H H H(nC3H7)N+(CH3)3OH-CH3CH CH3+(CH3)3N+H2ON+(CH3)3OH-+4%96%ArNH2+NaNO2+HCl ArN2+Cl-+NaCl+2H2O05ArN2+X-Ar+N2 +X-or hvN2+Cl-Cu2Cl2,HClClN2+H

9、SO4-Cu2Br2,HBrBrN2+HSO4-Cu2(CN)2,NaCNCNN2+HSO4-KI100IN2+Cl-NaBF4N2+BF4-FN2+HSO4-+H2OOH+N2 +H2SO4N2+HSO4-+H3PO2+H2O100+H3PO3+N2 +H2SO4N2+HSO4-+CH3CH2OH+CH3CHO+N2 +H2SO4ClClClClClClNH2NH2NO2ClClClN2+Cl-HNO3,H2SO45060混酸Fe+HClCl2,H2ONaNO2+HClCH3CH2OHH3PO2BrBrBrBrNH2BrBrNH2BrSO3HNH2SO3HNH2NO2混酸FeHCl浓H2SO4NH3+HSO4-NHSO3HH2O180Br2H3+OH2SO4NaNO2BrN2+HSO4-BrCu2Br2 HBrCN丙烯腈丙烯腈CN苯甲腈苯甲腈NCCN1,6-己二腈1,6-己二腈异腈 CH3NC甲胩CH3CH2NC乙胩恶臭恶臭RX+NaCN R CN+NaX乙醇CH2Br+NaCNBr乙醇CH2CN +NaBrBrN2+HSO4-Cu2(CN)2,NaCNCN2 CH2CHCH3+2NH3+3O22 CH2CHCN+6H2OCH3NH3,O2,高温磷钼酸铋CN