非洲的能源贫困与获取能源挑战.docx

1、ENERGY POVERTY &ACCESS CHALLENGES IN AFRICA: SOLUTIONS AND WAY FORWARD非洲的能源贫困与获取能源挑战：解决方案与未来道路UNDERSTANDING ENERGY ACCESS/ ENERGY POVERTY如何理解能源获取/能源贫困？vvDefinitions:定义 Energy key in addressing major global challenges of the 21st century能源是解决21世纪全球重大挑战的关键 Modern energy versus traditional energy现代能源与传

2、统能源的比较 African experience (over 600 million people lack access to modern energy)非洲经验（在非洲，有六亿多人无法获取现代能源） Goal 7 of the UN SDGs relates to energy access联合国可持续发展目标中的第七项与能源获取有关 How it differs from related terms like Energy Security (mostly common in developedcountries) 这一概念与能源安全等相关术语的区别（在发达国家最为常见） Stree

3、tlight effect路灯效应IMPACTS OF ENERGY POVERTY IN AFRICA非洲能源贫困的影响vvIt influences the success of other SDGs影响了其他可持续发展目标实现的可能性Goal 1 of SDG to reduce poverty可持续发展目标一：减少贫困 number of poor people increased by more than 100 million from 288 in 1990 to 389 in2012)贫困人口从1990年的2.88亿增长到2012年的3.89亿，增长超过1亿 Besides m

4、odern energy other factors including technology, good governance, equality areKey除了现代能源，技术、善治和平等等其他因素也是关键Goal 2 of SDG is to end hunger, achieve food security, promote sustainable agriculture可持续发展目标二：消除饥饿，实现食物安全，促进可持续农业的发展 Use of electricity and diesel for irrigation by small scale farmers in develo

5、ping countries在发展中国家，小农需要用电和柴油进行灌溉IMPACTS OF ENERGY POVERTY IN AFRICA CONTIN非洲能源贫困的影响还包括Goal 3 to ensure healthy living可持续发展目标三：保障健康生活 More than six million children die before their fifty 应该是fifthbirthday each year (energy & health)每年，5岁以下儿童的死亡人数超过600万（能源&健康）SDG goal to achieve quality education可持续

6、发展目标：提供优质教育 57 million children out of schools in developing countries: energy key in education sector发展中国家有5700万失学儿童：能源对教育领域至关重要SDG goal to achieve gender equality可持续发展目标：实现性别平等 Women are major users of energy resources in developing countries在发展中国家，女性是能源的主要使用者SDG goal to achieve Economic Developme

7、nt可持续发展目标：实现经济增长 Small scale mining and working conditions of the people小规模矿业和人们的工作条件GLOBAL AND REGIONAL RESPONSES TO ENERGY POVERTY/ ACCESS全球和各地区面对能源贫困/获取能源挑战所采取的举措 USAID Power Africa美国国际开发署“赋能非洲”项目 Sustainable Energy For All“人人享有可持续能源” Regional Power Pools区域性电力库 Regional energy infrastructures区域性能

8、源基础设施 Regional energy regulations区域性能源法规RELATED DISPUTES AND HOW TO RESOLVE THEM相关争议与解决之道vvWastage of energy which could have been used to tackle energy access部分能源遭到浪费，而这本可以用于解决获取能源的问题 Gas flaring and its effect to the environment天然气燃除及其对环境的影响 Community discontent社会的不满 legal cases brought against in

9、ternational energy investors due to wastage of energy由于能源浪费，国际能源投资者遭到起诉vvRenewable energy as a response to both energy access and climate change发展可再生能源有助于应对获取能源挑战和气候变化vvRegional cooperation as a response to energy access and related disputes区域合作有助于应对获取能源挑战，并化解相关争议SOLUTIONS & WAY FORWARD解决方案与未来道路 Renewable energy可再生能源 Clean technology to utilize fossil fuels采用清洁的化石燃料技术 Reforms in legal and institutional framework改革法律框架和制度框架 Utilization of regionalism in the energy sector在能源领域注重区域合作 END