2015年3月公共英语三级真题含真题答案.doc

1、2015年3月公共英语三级真题及答案SECTION Listening comprehension 1-25 略SECTION 11 Use of English ( 15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C, or D on your ANSWER SHEET. It is an unfortunate fact of todays life that most people are growin

2、g up unable to see the stars. The prime night sky exists only 26pictures. This is true not only in cities and suburbs, but al-so in 27areas. We have lost our view of the stars and 28our nighttime environment as well. Such a loss29be acceptable if light pollution were the inevitable price of progress

3、, 30it is not. Most sky glow is 31 . It comes mainly from lighting sources that do little to increase32 safety, security or utility. They produce only glare,33over one billion dollars annually in the U.S. alone. 34science, the impact has been even more dramatic. Scientists require observations of ex

4、tremely faint objects that can only be 35 with advanced devices at sites 36of air pollu-tion and urban sky glow. For example, some images of the objects can 37information about faraway comers of the universe, helping us understand the way in 38our world was actually formed.39 , the light from these

5、objects can be lost at the very end of its 40 in the glare of our own sky. Reducing light pollution is not difficult. It 41that public officials and citizens be 42of the problem and act to counter it. As 43people can help reduce sky glow just by 44 lighting only when necessary. The stars above us ar

6、e a 45heritage. We must do our best to preserve it. 26. A. on B. from C. in D. at 27. A. local B. rural C. industrial D. scenic 28. A. mined B. reduced C. dirtied D. wasted 29. A. should B. may C. might D. will 30. A. but B. as C. because D. though 31. A. inadequate B. invisible C. unpredictable D.

7、unnecessary 32. A. nighttime B. lifetime C. peacetime D. longtime 33. A. costing B. making C. putting D. raising 34. A. At B. From C. For D. Over 35. A. accepted B. made C. pushed D. sent 36. A. worthy B. typical C. critical D. free 37. A. collect B. offer C. share D. save 38. A. that B. what C. whe

8、n D. which 39. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. Yet 40. A. march B. visit C.journey D. flight 41. A. indicates B. proves C. requires D. shows 42. A. ashamed B. aware C. independent D. tired 43. A. individuals B. natives C. residents D. victims 44. A. fixing B. providing C. taking D. using 45. A

9、. cosfless B. priceless C. valueless D. worthless 参考译文如今大部分人在生活中很难看到天空中的繁星，这真是一件憾事。星光灿烂的夜空只有在图片里才能见到。不仅城市和郊区是这样，连乡村也是如此。我们不但看不到星星，同样这也污染了夜空的环境。如果光污染是人类进步所不可避免要付出的代价，那么这种损失或许可以被接受，但事实并非如此。大多数人工白昼是不必要的，因为它们并非是用来增加夜晚安全或照明的，它们只是发出耀眼的光。仅在美国一年就在此项上花费十亿多美元。光污染给科学带来的影响更加严重。科学家们需要用精密仪器观察极其细微的物体，这种观测需在没有空气污染和

10、城市灯光的环境下才能进行。例如，一些物体的影像可以提供宇宙遥远角落的信息，帮助我们了解地球实际形成的方式。然而，这些物体发出的光线可能在到达地球时被人工光源所覆盖而消失。减少光污染并不难，需要政府官员和公民们意识到这个问题并面对它。就个人而言，仅在必要时使用照明，就能有助于大幅减少人工白昼现象。闪耀在我们上空的星星是无价的文明遗产，我们必须尽我们所能去保护它。26.C【精析】本题考查介词词义辨析。on“在之上”；from“来自”；in“在里”；at“在（场合）”。根据句意，应是“在图片里”，C选项符合题意，故选C.27.B【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。local“当地的”；rural“乡村的

11、”；industrial“工业的”；scenic“风景优美的”。前文提到城市、郊区，此处应为乡村，rural符合题意，故选B.28.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。ruin“毁坏”；reduce“减少”；dirty“污染”；waste“浪费”。此处为污染夜空，C选项符合题意，故选C.29.C【精析】本题考查的是情态动词用法。此句中的if是非真实条件句，是一种虚拟和假设，如果光污染是进步所必须付出的代价，那么这种损失或许可以接受，might符合题意，故选C.30.A【精析】本题考查的是上下文语义的衔接。此句是虚拟，事实并非如此，所以应用转折，故选A.、31.D【精析】本题考查形容词辨析。inad

12、equate“不恰当的”；invisible“看不见的”；unpredictable“不可预知的”；unnecessary“不必要的”。由上下文可知，此处应表达的是许多人工照明其实是不必要的，unnecessary符合题意，故选D.32.A【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。由上文说人工白昼是不必要的，下文解释原因，“它们并非是用来增加夜晚安全或照明的，它们只是发出耀眼的光”。nighttime“夜晚”；lifetime“一生”；peacetime“和平时期”；longtime“长时间”。由题意可知A选项正确，故选A.33.A【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。cost“花费”；make“制作”；put“

13、放置”；raise“提高”。此处是说花费美国十亿美金，故选A.34.C【精析】本题考查介词词义辨析。at“在（场合）”；from“来自”；over“超过，在之上”；for“对来说”。此处是对于科学来说，for符合题意，故选C.35.B 【精析】本题考查动词搭配。此处的动词是跟前面的observations搭配的，只有make符合，故选B.36.D【精析】本题考查固定搭配。四个选项中，只有free可以和后面的of搭配，表示“没有、免除”，故选D.37.B【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。collect“收集”；offer“提供”；share“分享”；save“保存”。此处意为一些物体的影像可以为研究

14、提供信息，0ffer符合题意，故选B.38.D【精析】本题考查定语从句的引导词。此引导词要修饰先行词way，前面又有in搭配，应为in which表示一种方式，故选D.39.D【精析】本题考查连词用法。根据上下文意思，此处应为转折，besides“而且”；instead“而不是”；therefore“因此”；yet“然而”。故选D.40.C【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。march“行进”；visit“参观”；joumey“旅途”；flight“飞行”。此处意为这些物体的光线可能在到达地球的途中被覆盖，只有journey有旅途之意，故选C.41.C【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。此处意为要减少光污

15、染需要政府官员和公民去解决。indicate“指出”；prove“证明”；require“要求”；show“显示”。故选C.42.B【精析】本题考查固定搭配。此处意为官员和公民要意识到光污染的问题。be aware of“意识到”，故选B.43.A【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。前面说政府官员和公民要意识到光污染的问题，此处是说作为个人，应该怎么做。individual“个人”；native“本地人”；resident“居民”；victim“受害者”。故选A.44.D【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。fix“修理”；provide“提供”；take“带走”；use“使用”。根据句意，此处意为只在必要

16、时使用照明，故选D.45.B 【精析】本题考查形容词词义辨析。costless“不花钱的”；valueless“不值钱的”；worthless“无用的”；priceless“无价的”。由下句“我们必须尽我们所能去保护它”可知，此处意为无价的文明遗产，故选B.SECTION III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Dilrections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on

17、your ANSWER SHEET. Text 1 Sometime in the middle of the 15th century, a well-to-do merchant from London buried more than 6,700 gold and silver coins on a sloping, hillside in Surrey. He was fleeing the War of the Ro-ses and planned to return during better times. But he never did. The coins lay undis

18、turbed until one September evening in 1990, when local resident Roger Mintey chanced upon them with a metal de-tector, a device used to determine the presence of metals. Minteys find much of. which now sits in the British Museum-earned him roughly $350,000, enough to quit his job with a small manu-

19、facturer and spend more time pursuing lost treasure. But digging up the past is controversial in Britain. In many European countries, metal detecto- fists, or people using metal detectors, face tough regulations. In the U. K., however, officials in- troduced a scheme in 1997 encouraging hobbyists to

20、 report their discoveries (except for those fall- ing under the definition of treasure, like Minteys find, which they are required to report)-but al- lowing them to keep what they find, or receive a reward. Last year, a hidden store was uncovered in a field outside Birmingham. It consists of more th

21、an 1,500 gold and silver objects from the sev- enth century and was valued at more than $4.5 million. While local museums hurry to raise enough money to keep the find off the open market, it sits in limbo, owned by the Crown but fa- cing claims by the landowner and the metal detectorist who found it

22、. The find marks the latest battleground in the increasingly heated conflict between the countrys 10,000-20,000 metal detectorists and the museum workers determined to protect its precious old objects. Supporters say the scheme stems the loss of valuable information about precious old ob-jects, whil

23、e opponents argue that metal detectorists dont report everything. The debate centers on the larger question of who owns the past. Theres been a slow move over the centuries that precious old things belong to us all, says Professor Christopher Chippindale of Cambridge University. But in Britain at le

24、ast, the temptation of buried treasure could change all that. 46. According to the first paragraph, the coins in Surrey were A. worth roughly $350,000 B. possessed by a local resident C. unearthed about 500 years ago D. left by a merchant during a war 47. What do we know about Roger Mintey? A. He pr

25、oduces metal detectors. B. He owns a manufacturing firm. C. He works for the British Museum. D. He seeks buried treasure as a hobby. 48. In the U. K., metal detectorists A. are rewarded for whatever they find B. are forced to obey tough regulations C. may keep what they have discovered D. should rep

26、ort whatever they discover 49. As for the find outside Birmingham, it is still unclear A. how much it is worth B. how it was discovered C. who is entitled to it D. what it is made up of 50. According to Professor Christopher Chippindale, buried treasure A. is owned by the public B. is debated in a h

27、eated way C. remains a big temptation D. turns precious over time Part A Text 1在15世纪中期，一位来自伦敦的富有商人将6700多枚金币和银币埋藏在萨里的一座倾斜的山坡里。他当时在躲避玫瑰战争，打算在战争结束时再返回，但是他却没能回来。这些金银币一直藏在地下，直到1990年九月的一个夜晚，当地的一位居民Roger Mintey偶然间用一种探测金属的仪器发现了它们。Mintey发现的金银币大约价值35万美金（大部分硬币现保存在大不列颠博物馆），这笔钱足够他辞去小工厂的工作并继续搜寻剩下的宝藏。但是这种挖掘在当时的英国是

28、备受争议的。在许多欧洲国家，金属探测者或使用金属探测器的人都将面临严厉的法律制裁。然而，l997年英国官方颁布了一项新制度，鼓励爱好者们上报他们的发现（除了那些属于宝藏范围内的物品，Mintey的发现就属于此范围，必须上报），但允许他们拥有发现的物品或上报赢得奖励。去年，在伯明翰郊外发现了一处隐秘的仓库。该仓库中藏有1500多件7世纪的金制品和银制品，价值高达450多万美元。正当当地的博物馆急着筹集资金去购买这些制品以免其流入市场时，它的归属权还在争论，其皇族拥有者遭到了土地拥有者及发现者的指责。这些被发现的物品激发了英国l至2万金属探测者和博物馆力图保护文物的工作人员之间的白热化的战争。支持

29、者认为此制度阻止了珍贵文物的流失，而反对者认为金属探测者们不会上报所有东西。这场争论的重点在于到底谁应该拥有历史遗产。剑桥大学的ChristopherChippindale教授说道，“过去几个世纪以来，人们渐渐开始认为这些珍贵的文物属于我们所有人”。但是至少在英国，这些埋葬的宝藏*着很多人，从而改变了一切。46.D【精析】细节题。关于萨里的硬币，从文章第一段第一、二句“awelltodo merchant from London buried more than 6，700He was fleeing the War of the Roses”可知，这些硬币是被一位商人在战争中留下的，D正确。

30、由第一段最后一句“Minteys findmuch ofwhich now sits in the British Museumeamed him roughly$350000spend more time pursuing lost treasure”可知Mintey发现的金银币大约值三十五万美元，但他并没有发现全部的，题干问的是埋在底下的全部金币的信息，所以A不正确；第一段没有提及归属权的问题，故8错误；由第一段开头可知，金币是在15世纪中期（大约l650年左右）埋藏的，l990年发现，中间大约340年左右，故C 不正确。综上所述，故选D.47.D【精析】推断题。由文章第一段可知，Mint

31、ey只是使用金属探测器发现了金币，并不是他发明了金属探测器，故A不正确。由第一段最后一句可知，Mintey是在一家工厂工作，并不是拥有一家工厂，故B、C不正确。从文章第一段最后两句可知，Roger Mintey是偶然间用金属探测器发现的并且他在一家小工厂工作，第二段第三句也提到政府鼓励爱好者上报他们的发现，并举了Mintey的例子，由此可推断Mintey只是将此作为爱好，故选D.48.C【精析】细节题。根据第二段第三句“In the U.K., however, officials introduced a scheme in l997 encouraging hobbyists to rep

32、oa their discoveries（）一but allowing them to keep what they find. Or receive a reward.”可知，在英国，政府出台政策鼓励人们上报发现的物品，但是允许他们拥有，故选c.49.C【精析】推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句While local muse umshurry to raise enough money to keep the find off the open market, it sits in limb0, owned by the Crown but facing claims by the lando

33、wner and the metal detectorist who find it.可知，关于该宝藏的归属权还在争论中，故选C.50.A【精析】细节题。从文章最后一段第二句1hereS been a slow more over the centuries that precious old things belong to US all.可知，这位教授认为这些宝藏或文物是属于大家共有的，故选A. Every year for more than a decade Ive gone with some good male friends to the music festival. Wome

34、n are not invited, but they do prepare a picnic for our trip. The better the food, the more likely we are to continue our annual tradition and give them peace at least one week out of the year. When were not eating, we sit around in circles and talk about manly stuff: women, mostly. After years of t

35、his special journey I have figured out women are different from us, especially when it comes to how we communicate. Women dont need to manufacture reasons to chat, but guys need excuses like outings or organized events. And Ive noticed that when women are in groups there can be several conversations

36、 going on at once. When men are in a group, one man talks, and everybody else listens. Its like bluegrass jamming in a way; one musician plays the lead, and the rest try to follow. Ive had more heartfelt conversations with other men at the festival than Ive had at any other time in my life, partly b

37、ecause there are no women there, and partly because were all a little drunk. It was males bonding over whatever parts we still had left. The festival is also the only place Ive ever cried in front of other men. As the years have slipped by, some in our group have lost parents and grandparents, some

38、have divorced, and others have changed careers, not always on purpose. It seems that every year something distressing has happened to at least one member of our crew, and the rest of us are there to listen and offer support. I hope that this column can offer some comfort to women: if your man heads

39、out on a bowling or poker night with the guys, be happy. Chances are good hes not fleeing you and the kids, but hes running toward the conversations he can only have with other men, and hell come home the better for it. 51. It is implied in the first paragraph that A. the trip is a relief for both m

40、en and women_ B. the trip will continue in spite of everything C. the quality of the picnic needs improvement D. the women can rarely get peace themselves 52. Men and women differ in the way they talk in that_ A. men like to play the lead in conversations B. women can strike up a talk for any reason

41、 C. men can be engaged in several talks at once D. women are good listeners in conversations 53. That the author cried in front of other men reveals_ A. the effect of bluegrass music upon men B. the effect of alcohol on mens behaviors C. mens need to release their deep emotions D. mens need to culti

42、vate intimate friendship 54. What is the idea that the author wants to convey in paragraph 5 ? A. Life is doomed to be full of distresses. B. Changes are the constant theme of life. C. Friendship stays despite changes in life. D. Life consists of sweating and harvesting. 55. In the last paragraph, t

43、he author advises women to_ A. encourage their husbands to improve their life style B. encourage their husbands to go bowling or play poker C. give their husbands chances to flee from housework D. give their husbands chances for male communication 参考译文 近十几年来，每年我都会和一些男性好友去参加音乐节。我们没有带上妻子，但是她们会为我们的旅途准备

44、野餐食物。食物越丰盛，我们就越有可能继续我们每年的传统，留给她们一年当中至少一星期的放松时间。 当我们吃完饭时，我们会围坐一圈谈论男性话题，大部分是关于女性。在许多年的特殊旅行后，我意识到女性和我们是不同的，特别是关于交流方式。女性们不用找理由去聊天，而男人却需要如外出或组织活动等理由来进行交流。 我注意到当有一群女性时，会立刻产生许多话题。但在一群男性中，当一位男性在说话时，其他男性都在倾听。就像即兴演出蓝草音乐，一人主奏，其他人合奏。 与其他时候相比，大多是在音乐节的时候我跟好友有过推心置腹的交谈，一部分是因为没有女性在场，还有一部分是因为我们都有点喝醉了。这是一种我们所具有的超越任何事物

45、的兄弟情谊。我也只在音乐节时在其他男性朋友面前大哭过。时光荏苒，我们这群兄弟中，有人失去了父母，有人失去了祖父母，有人离婚，也有人换了职业，当然，这些都并非刻意。似乎每年我们中至少有一人会发生这样令人悲痛的事情，这时其他人就会倾听并给予他支持。我希望这个栏目会给女性带来一些安慰。如果你的丈夫晚上和朋友出去打保龄球或玩扑克，你应该要感到高兴。他很有可能不是在逃避你和孩子，而是跟他的朋友聊一些只能和他们谈的话题，他之后就会回家，这样反而更好。 51. A【精析】推断题。文章第一段介绍了作者每年一次和男性友人的音乐之旅，跟他们一起放松，同样留给妻子们一年当中至少一星期的放松时间。由此可推断，这个旅行

46、对男性和女性来说都是放松时间。故选A. 52.B【精析】细节题。由文章第二段最后一句Women dont need to manufacture reasons to chat, but guys need excuses like outings or organized events.可知，女人们不用找理由去聊天，而男人却需要如外出或组织活动等理由。故选B. 53.C【精析】推断题。由文章可知，这个音乐节只有男士参加，他们都是亲密的朋友，作者只有在这才哭过，可以推断出，男士们也需要释放他们的情感。故选C. 54.C【精析】推断题。从文章第五段可知，尽管男性朋友的生活中总会出现这样那样的事故

47、，但是大家都会倾听并支持他，由此可推断，不管生活怎么改变，友谊会一直不变。故选C. 55D【精析】推断题。文章最后一段，作者建议如果你的丈夫出去打保龄球或者打牌，你应该要感到高兴，因为他在跟男性之间进行交流，从朋友那获得支持和帮助。由此可知，作者建议妻子应给丈夫们机会去讲行男性之间的交流故诜DGiven the choice, younger professionals are most interested in working at tech companies like Apple and government agencies like the State Department, bu

48、t they are comparatively disinterested in working in the financial industry, according to a survey conducted by Universum, a researchftrrn. What attracts college graduates to big tech companies like Apple is mainly the cool factor sur-rounding these companies and their products, as the survey found young professionals were most influenced by the strength of the corporations brand when picking their most desired companies. Companies that have appealing consumer brands generally also succeed in being perceived as att