机械通气的模式进展课件.ppt
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- 机械 通气 模式 进展 课件
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1、保留和扶持自主呼吸自动调控自动调控自动监测自动监测安全性安全性无创伤性无创伤性吸气峰流量吸气峰流量25%15%45%TinspChiumello D, Pelosi P, Taccone P, et al. Effect of different inspiratory rise time and cycling off criteria during pressure support ventilation in patients recovering from acute lung injury. Crit Care Med 2003; 31: 2604-10.PflowToo late
2、switchoverProper switchoverToo early switchoverETS can improve synchrony and change Ti of spontaneous breathsNext measurement in 3 min.Autoflow可加用于各种容量预置型通气模式,降低气道压,也可用于反比通气时,降低人-机对抗时气压伤的危险。容量控制通气时,吸气流量是由潮气量和吸气时间决定的,不管患者的气道阻力和肺顺应性。Autoflow的功能是自动调节吸气流量,这种自动调节是按照设置的潮气量和当时的肺顺应性来进行的。无论在吸气相或呼气相,患者均可无干扰的自
3、主呼吸(开放活瓣)。为克服气管插管的阻力,我们常加用5cmH2O的PS来代偿。但导管的阻力与其管径和流量相关。流量大时阻力增加,5cmH2O的PS可能代偿不足,流量小时可能代偿过度。使用方便只需要设定导管类型和尺寸以及%支持度呼吸机自动进行适当的支持呼吸功最低与CPAP或T型管呼吸相比提高病人的舒适度能随着病人呼吸驱动的变化而变化 BIPAP:Biphasic positive airway pressure Drger Evita BiPAP: Respironics-VisionBiVent:Servo 300 or 300A、 ServoiBiLevel:PB-840 BIPAPPEEP
4、High + PS PPEEPLPEEPHPressure SupportTMechelle Williams RN ANP-CS, Susannah Kish RN CS CCRN CPANThe University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TexasIntroduction: The use of analgesia on mechanically ventilated patients is acommon practice in the medical ICU. Analgesia management is gen
5、erallyrelated to the patients dysynchrony and agitation on the ventilator. A newmode of ventilation (BiLevel) was introduced that should allow the patient tobe more comfortable. The current study compared the use of opioid in MICUpatients before and after the introduction of the new mode. Methods: A
6、 studydone in our ICU prior to the introduction of BiLevel quantitated the amount ofopioid use on mechanically ventilated patients. At that time the mode ofventilation was a combination of Assist Control or SIMV with PressureSupport. This study was used as the baseline for comparison. The datacollec
7、tion methods of the previous study were duplicated on 10 consecutivepatients ventilated with BiLevel. Opioid usage was collected on day 1,2,3 andday 7 after institution of mechanical ventilation. All opioid dosages wereconverted to an equivalent parenteral dose of morphine sulfate for comparison.The
8、 data was analyzed using a two tailed unpaired t test. Results: Patients inthe two groups had similar demographics. Current group mean age was 57 andin the baseline group mean age was 53. Females comprised 56% of the patientsin the baseline and 40% in the current group. Patients in both groups hadsi
9、milar etiologies for Respiratory Failure. Mean data is presented in the table.MorphineEquivalentDay 1Day 2Day 3Day 7OverallPre BiLevel77.10mg 142.5mg 204.17mg213 mg159.2mgPost BiLevel76.72mg 130.2mg 113.30mg41.34mg 90.4mgDifference(% decrease).38mg(0.49%)12.32mg(8.6%)90.87mg(44.5%)171.66(80.6%)68.8m
10、g(43.2%)This represents a statistically significant decrease in opioid use of 43.2% in theBiLevel group on the days monitored. ( p.01) Conclusions: Analgesiamanagement of non-surgical patients ventilated with the BiLevel mode, asmeasured by opioid administration, decreased as compared to a previousb
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