大学英语图表作文课件.ppt

1、2005.6nDirections: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Traveling Abroad. You should write at least 150 words based on the chart and the outline given below:1. 近十年来X市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游2. 出现这一现象的原因3这种现象可能产生的影响020000400006000080000100000120000140000199520002005Numbe

2、r of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005图表作文 CET-Writing图表作文的类型n1. 表格作文表格（Table）可以使大量数据系统化，便于阅读、比较。表格常由标题（Title）、表头（Boxhead）（表格的第一行）、侧目（Stub）（表格左边的第一列）和主体（Body）部分（表格的其余部分）等部分组成。用表格表达的信息具体准确，而且表格中的各项均按一定规律排列。阅读表格时要注意找出表格中各个项目的相互关系，表格中各个项目的变化规律。 2. 圆形图作文n圆形图（Pie chart）也称为饼状图或圆面分割图

3、。圆形图因为比较形象和直观，各部分空间大小差别容易分辨，所以常用来表示总量和各分量之间的百分比关系。整个圆表示总量，楔形块表示分量。有时圆形图还有数值表，两者结合可把各分量表示得更准确、清楚。3. 曲线图作文曲线图作文n曲线图（curve graph）也称为线性图或坐标图。曲线图最适合表示两个变量之间关系的发展过程和趋势。一般来说，曲线所呈现的形状比某一点所代表的变量的值更有意义。曲线图有横轴和纵轴。一般先看横轴所代表的数量或时间等，然后再看纵轴所显示的意义。同时必须找出线条所反映的最高或最低的变化。4. 条形图作文条形图作文n条形图（Bar graph）也称为立柱图或圆柱图。条形图由宽度相同

4、但长度不同的条块代表不同的量。当要比较几个项目或量时，常用不同颜色来区分。条形图主要用来表示：1）同一项目在不同时间的量；2）同一时间不同项目的量。阅读条形图时，要先看图例，再看横轴、纵横各代表什么量，每一个刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出图中各长条所表示的数据及各长条间的相互关系。图表作文的出题形式图表作文的出题形式n图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：1）用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势；2）就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。图表作文的写作要领图表作文的写

5、作要领n图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。n写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。图表作文的写作步骤n写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各

6、个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡；5）检查与修改。图表作文的篇章结构图表作文的篇章结构n写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议图表作文常用的句型图表作文常用的句型 （1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法） According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar g

7、raph, we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图，我们可知 The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart 如表/图所示，(2) 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still i

8、ncreased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990. There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease/decline/fall/re

9、duction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year).对于线性图表的描述对于线性图表的描述n上升上升1. 对于上升趋势的描述：对于上升趋势的描述：a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组： to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick upb. 可以使用的名词：an increasea growtha jumpa soaran upward trend2. 对于上升到某个位置的描述对于上升到某个位置的描述：a. 1. a. 中的动词to具体数据。b

10、. 1. a. 中的动词tothe peak of具体数据c. 1. a. 中的动词reaching the peak of +具体数据。d. 1. a. 中的动词reaching + 具体数据。e. to peak at 具体数据f. to climb to + 具体数据n下降下降1. 对于下降趋势的描述：对于下降趋势的描述：a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组：可以使用的动词或动词词组：to fallto decreaseto go downto slideto collapseto declineto dropb. 可以使用的名词：可以使用的名词：a collapsea decreasea f

11、alla declinea drop2. 对于下降到某个位置的描述对于下降到某个位置的描述：na. 1. a. 中的动词to具体数据。b. 1. a. 中的动词tothe bottom of具体数据。c. 1. a. 中的动词reaching the bottom of +具体数据。d. 1. a. 中的动词reaching + 具体数据。对于平稳的趋势的描述对于平稳的趋势的描述：n可以使用的动词或动词词组：to hardly changeto have little changeto keep steadyto level offto remain constantto stay the s

12、ame表示程度的副词表示程度的副词：n1. 程度较大：considerablydramaticallygreatlymarkedlyobviouslyquicklyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenlyn2. 程度较小：slightlygraduallyslowlysteadily写作实践写作实践: An Analysis of the Social Crimes in City A相关链接相关链接 下表是下表是A A市从市从20032003年到年到20052005年各种社会犯年各种社会犯罪案件的情况统计。请对该图表进行描述并进罪案件的情况统计。请对该图表进行描

13、述并进行分析，并呼吁为避免治安局势恶化，要引起行分析，并呼吁为避免治安局势恶化，要引起各方关注。各方关注。 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: An Analysis of the Social Crimes in City A. Study the following table carefully and base your passage on the information given below in Chinese. You should

14、 write at least 120 words. Year Crime200320042005Serious assault (攻击)655464Robbery283438Sexual assault676668Breaking into homes162027Theft of a motor vehicle242732Fraud (欺骗)707371Vandalism (暴力行为)202119Total290295319An Analysis of the Social Crimes in City A The table above shows the number of incide

15、nts with a range of social crimes in City A over a 3-year period, from 2003 to 2005. The types of the social crimes include serious assault, robbery, sexual assault, breaking into homes, theft of a motor vehicle, fraud and vandalism. From the table, it can be seen that the total number of incidents

16、increases from 290 in 2003 to 319 in 2005. Among the seven social crimes, there is a steady growth in robbery (28 in 2003, 34 in 2004, and 38 in 2005), breaking into homes (16 in 2003, 20 in 2004, and 27 inin 2005), and theft of a motor vehicle (24 in 2003, 27 in 2004, and 32 in 2005). There is no s

17、ignificant change in the other areas, and the numbers remain at the same level. Social problems can be reflected from the increasing numbers. In order to prevent the situation from becoming worse and to keep a stable social system, all sides concerned must find an efficient way to cope with it. The

18、authorities related should improve the system and carry out regulations more strictly. Meanwhile, ordinary citizens should abide by laws and regulations.I. IELTS作文题目作文题目I You should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. Recent statistics show that the crimes by the young people in the major ci

19、ties of the world are on the increase. Give your analysis of the reasons and the solutions. You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.II. IELTS作文题目作文题目II You should spend no more than 40

20、minutes on this task. Juvenile delinquency is increasingly common. Discuss the reasons and make some suggestions. You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience to support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.III. GRE作文题目作文题目 The following

21、is from an editorial in The Midvale Observer, a local newspaper. Ever since the 1950s, when television sets began to appear in the average home, the rate of crimes committed by teenagers in the country of Alta has steadily increased. This increase in teenage crime parallels the increase in violence

22、shown on television. According to several national studies, even very young children who watch a great number of television shows featuring violent scenes display more violent behavior within their home environment than do children who do not watch violent shows. Furthermore, in a survey conducted b

23、y The Observer, over 90 percent of the respondents were parents who indicated that prime-time television programs that are shown between 7 p.m. and 9 p.m. should show less violence. Therefore, in order to lower the rate of teenage crime in Alta, television viewers should demand that television programmers reduce the amount of violence shown during prime time.