现在完成时与一般过去时课件.ppt

1、I have had my best love before, but I didnt treasure her. When I lost her, I fell regretful. It is the most painful matter in this world. If God can give me another chance, I will say 3 words to her - I love you. If you have to give a time limit to this love, I hope it is 10 thousand years. A Chines

2、e Odyssey曾经有一段真挚的爱情摆在我的面前，我却没有珍惜，直到失去才追悔莫及。人世间最大的痛苦莫过于此。如果上天再给我一次机会的话，我一定会对那女孩说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这段爱情前加个期限的话，我希望是一万年。 大话西游 现在现在完成完成时态时态Present perfect tenseI have had my best love before.现在现在完成完成时的构成形式时的构成形式 have/has + done助动词助动词 + + 过去分词过去分词 past participle past participle肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+have/has +过去分词过去分词

3、否定句：主语否定句：主语+have/has +not+过去分词过去分词一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语主语+过去分词过去分词1.动作始于过去，结束于过去，但对现在有影响，动作始于过去，结束于过去，但对现在有影响，影响现在还存在影响现在还存在。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。2. 动作始于过去，一直延续到现在，可能是某种状态或习惯性动作。动作始于过去，一直延续到现在，可能是某种状态或习惯性动作。 I havent hea

4、rd from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 3.过去某一时间到现在这段反复发生的动作。过去某一时间到现在这段反复发生的动作。 We have had four exams this semester.现在现在完成完成时的含义时的含义nowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时：一般过去时：to talk about events in the past whic

5、h are separate from now(the moment of speaking)表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时：现在完成时：to connect the past and now(the moment of speaking)1. 表示的是在过去某个时间开始，并持续到现在的表示的是在过去某个时间开始，并持续到现在的动作动作/状态状态2. 发生在过去，却对现在造成的影响发生在过去，却对现在造成的影响 since 用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间 “自从自从” for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达长达”I have

6、 lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较比较since和和for注意：并非有注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工作。) I have

7、 worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。) 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作表示过去某时发生的动作或或单纯叙述过去的单纯叙述过去的事情，强调事情，强调； 现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是响，强调的是。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。

8、）（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）Rule 1:We use the Simple Past Tense to talk about the events in the past which are separate from now (the moment of speaking).We use the Present Perfect Tense to connect the past and now (the moment of speaking).2）一般过去时一般过去时 常与常与具体的表示过去的具体的表示过去的时间状语连用时间状语连用; 现在完成时现在完成时通常与通常与模糊

9、的模糊的时间状语连用，时间状语连用，或无或无时间状语。时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now, - 具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yester

10、day, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时（错）（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.3）现在完成时）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是般是延续性的延续性的，如，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词

11、有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。 She joined the League three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的) She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). (在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续) She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持

12、续)Rule 2:uWe use the Simple Past Tense with expressions such as last week, a year ago, in June, yesterday (referring to time completely in the past).uWe often use the Present Perfect Tense with for and since (the period of time is from the past to now).uWe often use the Simple Past Tense with just a

13、nd already and the Present Perfect Tense with yet (words that have a link with now).uWe often use the Present Perfect Tense with ever and never (referring to any time up to now).He has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经) 去过上海。去过上海。比较比较 have/has been to have/has gone t

14、oHe went to Shanghai last week. 他他(曾经曾经)到到/去过上海去过上海 在他人生中曾经有过这样的在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了他已经他已经去上海了去上海了 也许刚动身出发也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了也许已经到了,也许也许还在路上还在路上,反正他人不在这里反正他人不在这里上周他上周他做了一件事做了一件事:那就是那就是去了上海去了上海He has been Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.He has been Shanghai for 10 years.他他呆

15、在上海迄今为止已经呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了年了 现在还在上海没现在还在上海没有离开呢有离开呢辨析这些句子辨析这些句子由时态导致的由时态导致的含义上的差别含义上的差别1. He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He

16、 arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化1. He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept th

17、e book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He has had the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light has been on for 2 hours.延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化 (keys) 6. He left

18、here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _

19、for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 6. He left here 2 years ago. - He has been away from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film has been on for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door has been open for an hour. 9

20、. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door has been closed for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. - He has been a soldier for a year. - He has been in the army for a year. - It is a year since he joined the army. have/has am/is/are go do eat take give spend learn see动词原形 过去式 过去分词verb past tense past participle动词原形 过去式 过去分词verb past tense past participle sleep meet know speak buy get drive break tell say