TOEFLJunior分析课件.ppt

1、TOEFL JuniorTest-preparationListening Comprehension 听力理解 Introduction考试介绍TOEFL Junior考试的听力部分共有42道题，全部为单项选择题，时长为35分钟。 类型听力材料 （数量）听力材料对应题目数量非学术性课堂说明 10 1对话 45 34学术性学术演讲和讨论 34 45课堂说明课堂说明 听力材料一般有10段，为“一对一”形式长约1分钟，涉及一些通知、说明或课堂注意事项对话对话 听力材料一般为45段，对应34个问题，约2分钟。 学生和学生或学生和老师之间对课堂内容以及作业的讨论，或与其他与校园生活息息相关学术演讲和讨

2、论学术演讲和讨论 听力材料一般为34段，对应45个问题，约3分钟 发言人的小型演讲、课后学生与老师对知识点的探讨，或是关于实地调研的讨论。主旨题主旨题 听力材料中的说话者有时会明确提出中心思想典型问法 What does the teacher want the student to do? What does the teacher ask the student to do? What is the teacher reminding the students to do? What is the main topic of the conversation?答题要旨答题要旨 A：迅速浏览

3、题目，判断问题类型 B：关键词 C：记下关键词 D：开门见山 考生需要自己归纳、概括主题思想On the recording,you will hear: Narrator Listen to a librarian speaking to a class of students. Man I know you are all here to start researching for your history papers. But I have a few rules that I would like to tell you before you get started . First,

4、 remember that this is a library and that you need to remain quiet. Second, when you finish with a book, make sure that you put it back where you found it. This helps when other students want to use the same book too. Third, you will be allowed to check out two book so that you can do some of the re

5、search for homework. Narrator What is the librarian mainly explaining to the students?In your test book, you will read: What is the librarian mainly explaining to the students? (A) How to behave in a library (B) How to check out library books (C) How to finish a research project quickly (D) How to f

6、ind books for their research project 目的题目的题 在一些听力材料中，说话这不会明确说明目的，需要考生根据听力材料的大意总结并推断出说话者的意图典型问法典型问法 What is the purpose of the talk? What is the purpose of the announcement? What is the speakers purpose?On the recording, you will hear: Narrator Listen to a science teacher talking to a group of studen

7、ts. Woman Id like to talk to you all about the trip we were planning for April. I know you are all really excited about the new dinosaur exhibit. Well , yesterday I called the museum to find out the cost of the exhibit, and they said that it wont even be open until June. They changed the date becaus

8、e they need some extra time to build everything. So well be going in June instead of April. Narrator What is the purpose of the talk?In your test book you will read: What is the purpose of the talk? (A) To announce a change in the date of a field trip (B) To encourage students to visit anew exhibit

9、at the museum (C) To prepare students for a video they will watch about dinosaurs (D) To apologize for giving students the wrong information about an exam推断句推断句 理解能力，以及对说话者没有明确说出的信息的推理能力。 典型问法 What does the teacher imply about? What does the speaker suggest? What can be inferred about? What is true

10、about?答题要旨答题要旨 推断题的答案并不会之间在听力材料中出现，但会出现与正确答案有关的信息。多数情况下，正确答案是原文的改写或转述。On the recording, you will hear: Narrator Listen to a chemistry teacher talking to a class. Man Now, in our experiment today, the materials well be working with include bottles and tubes made of glass. Be careful and try not to br

11、eak them. But if you do happen to break one, dont worry-it happens all the time. Just let me know, and I will come over and clean it up. Narrator What is probably true about the materials for the experiment?In your test book, you will read: What is probably true about the materials for the experimen

12、t? (A) They are easily broken. (B) They are very expensive. (C) There are not enough for all the students. (D) They need to be cleaned before students use them.预测题预测题 在合理推论的基础上，选择最优方案。除了要明确说话者的意图之外，还要有相应的判断能力来排除干扰选项。 典型问法 What will the students probably do next? What will the teacher probably do nex

13、t?Sample G On the recording, you will hear: Narrator Listen to an English teacher speaking to his class. Man Now that youre read quite a few poems and weve talked about how poets write, you are going to write your own poem. First, you need to decide on a topic for your poem. We are going to write ab

14、out animals so you will need to think of your favorite one. Then you need to decide how long you want the poem to be. Finally you can begin writing. Take out a piece of paper; let get started Narrator What will the students probably do next?In your test book you will read: What will the students pro

15、bably do next? (A) Choose an animal to write about (B) Read their poems to the class (C) Discuss how poets write (D) Research famous poets语气题语气题 听出说话者时重音、语调的变换，挖掘隐藏在字面背后的意图，列如：指示、推荐、抱怨、接受、同意、陈述、质疑、喜恶等等。典型问法典型问法 What does the girl mean when she says, “”? What does the speaker imply when he says, “”?

16、How does the boy fell when he says,“”?答题要旨答题要旨 隐含意义，或对说话人立场、态度的理解。考生需要根据情景以及说话人的语气来作出正确的判断。On the recording, you will hear:Narrator Listen to a conversation between two students.Girl . Yes, of course. Ive been looking forward to this trip for weeks. Ms. Plattner told me wed finally get to see some o

17、f the animals weve been learning about, like giraffes and pandas. I really hope the weather is good tomorrow. Ms. Plattner said that some of the animals dont like to come outside if its raining. Are you excited about the trip? Boy I am, but I might not be able to go. Ms. Plattner said that if I dont

18、 turn in the permission slip by today, I cant come on the trip. If only Ms. Plattner were here so I could give it to her! Narrator How does the boy probably feel when he says, “If only Ms. Plattner were here so I could give it to her”?In you test book, you will read: How does the boy probably feel w

19、hen he says, “If only Ms. Plattner were here so I could give it to her”? (A) Proud (B) Excited (C) Confused (D) Frustrated细节题细节题 听懂并记住听力段落中的一些细节或事实。 答题要旨答题要旨 抓住关键词 如果发现漏听了重要的细节，可以从全文角度出发，排除完全没有在材料中出现的选项On the recording, you will hear: Narrator Listen to a conversation between two students. Girl Yes,

20、 of course. Ive been looking forward to this trip for weeks. Ms. Plattner told me wed finally get to see some of the animals weve been learning about, like giraffes and pandas. I like to come outside if its raining. Are you excited about the trip? Narrator What does the girl say about some animals i

21、n the zoo?In your test book, you will read: What does the girl say about some animals in the zoo? (A) They are very large. (B) They are new to the zoo. (C) They are from all over the world. (D) They do not like to go out in the rain.修辞结构题修辞结构题 考生要做到充分理解某一关键次或某一关键句在上下文中所起到的作用，包括：转换话题、连接过渡、开篇、结论、举例说明或

22、是掺杂题外话。该类题型一般在对话及学术演讲和讨论中出现。 典型问法典型问法 Why does the speaker mention? Why does the speaker talk about?On the recording, you will hear: Narrator Listen to a conversation between a teacher and a student at school. Girl Hmm. I really liked learning about the formation of the solar system. Man Why dont yo

23、u write about one of the planets? Girl Thats a good idea, but Ive actually done a project on a planet before. I wrote about the planet Saturn last year. I really enjoyed learning about Saturn, but Id like to try something new this time. Narrator Why does the girl mention Saturn?In your test book, yo

24、u will read: Why does the girl mention Saturn? (A) To tell the teacher about a book she recently read (B) To describe a planet with many volcanoes (C) To explain why she does not want to write about planets (D) To explain how she first became interested in the solar systemTest Skills考试开始后，考生在听清Drect

25、ions的基础上，应抓紧时间快速浏览即将播放的听力材料所对应的题目，明确题干关键次，以便在听的时候能够准确的把握重点，有的放矢，集中精力听取主要内容。在听力播放过程中，要注意对听力材料的整体把握，可以记下其中的主要观点、关键词，以备做题时使用，但注意不要过分关注细节或者将注意力集中在某一个没有听清楚的单词上，这样可能会错过下一个信息点。作答时，从选项中选择最佳答案。一道题结束后，考生不要纠结于上一题的对错，以免浪费时间，应立刻将注意力转移到下一题。对于听力部分的问题建议考生按顺序逐一作答。答题时，认真读题以防粗心大意看错题目而失分。读完各项选择后应当快速排除干扰项，再根据回忆和笔记，选出最佳选

26、项。答题后，如果还有多余时间，可以对没有把握的题再思考。听力考试结束前，请考生注意检查答题卡，以免错填、漏填。听力练习注意事项扩大词汇量广泛阅读，对新单词重点记忆；制作单词卡片辅助背单词；由易至难听力练习可由简单材料开始，随着综合能力的提高，可以逐渐增加难度，循序渐进；适应不同语言、语速在收听英文广播时，可涉猎不同节目；观看英文原声电影，可注意不同的人说话时语音语调的不同；笔记养成记笔记的良好习惯，可将main idea, main topic, key words列在纸上，以提醒自己注意。对于听力中出现的人名、地名或一些学术名词，只记下首字母即可，无需过与关注其拼写及意义。一段听力材料可反复

27、练习精听，从整体内容到每个单词全部掌握；抓主要内容时常总结听力材料的主旨，从整体上进行把握；放松心态，把握做题节奏在听力考试中，心态和节奏极为重要，所以在日常听力练习中，就应保持平和的心态，最好安排时间能一次性做完整套题，并进行计时，练习把握答题节奏。Practical Skills 日常练习时，注意听力材料里重复出现的词，这些词一般与主旨大意相关。如遇到没听清或听不懂的词，可以根据上下文猜出。对于较难的词，说话人往往都会在下文作出解释，所以遇到是千万不要慌张。尤其是学术演讲和讨论类，要从大的方面把握，如：材料整体的布局、各个观点之间的联系等，不要把时间、精力过分浪费在不要的细节上。转折词转折

28、词 一些转折词如:but, however, yet, unfortunately等的出现，常带来句意上的转折，应多加注意；同时，要关注说话人的目的、语气、确定程度和话题的转换，这些可帮助考生在做题时作出合理推断。总结总结 这些备考策略都是在长期听力练习中总结出来的，考生可灵活运用，同时还应根据自身特点，时常总结适合自己的方法，以便更有效地提高自身听力水平。题目自测题目自测 1.What does the teacher want the students to do? (A) Help a new classmate (B) Prepare for gym class (C) Welcome

29、 a guest speaker (D) Return books to the library 2.What is the purpose of the talk? (A) To explain to students why debating is important (B) To describe to students the process for the class debates (C) To discuss ways students can improve their classroom debates (D) To find out if students would be

30、 interested in starting a debate team 3.What are the teacher and student mainly talking about? (A) Kinds of transportation (B) Disadvantages of technology (C) Jobs during the Industrial Revolution (D) Inventions in the United States after the Industrial Revolution 4.According to the teacher , how di

31、d people usually get around day to day before the Industrial Revolution? (A) By walking (B) By riding a horse (C) By using a bicycle (D) By riding in a carriage 5.What does the teacher use milking cows and churning butter as examples of? (A) Tasks that required new technology (B) Activities still do

32、ne on farms today (C) Jobs related to the food industry (D) Hard work people used to do 6. According to the teacher , why are people more prone to diseases today? (A) They eat too much processed food. (B) They are exposed to more germs than people were exposed to in the past. (C) They engage in litt

33、le physical activity (D) They are unaware of the latest medical technology. 7.What is the main topic of the talk? (A) Newly discovered type of ant (B) Type of ant with unusual skills (C) An increase in the population of one type of ant (D) A type of ant that could be dangerous to humans 8.According

34、to the teacher, what is one activity that both leafcutter ants and people do? (A) Clean their food (B) Grow their own food (C) Eat several times a day (D) Feed their young special food 9.What does the teacher say many people think must be true about leafcutter ants? (A) They eat leaves. (B) They live in plants. (C) They have sharp teeth. (D) They are especially large 10.What did the experiments show about leafcutter ants? (A) How fast they grow (B) Which plants they eat (C) Where they look for leaves (D) How much weight they can carryPractice set1Practice set2