工业革命史英语介绍-PPT课件.pptx
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- 工业 革命史 英语 介绍 PPT 课件
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1、History of The Industrial Revolution (工业革命史)Contents 1.A simple introduction 2.First Industrial Revolution 3.Second Industrial Revolution 4.The third revolution of science and technology 5.latest Industrial RevolutionIntroductionThere have been three complete industrial revolutions in human history,
2、 successively the steam technology revolution(蒸汽技术革命), the power technology revolution(电力技术革命)and the information technology revolution(信息技术革命).Today,with the development of internet industrialization(互联网产业化), industrial intelligence(工业智能) and industrial integration(工业一体化),people claimed that the fo
3、urth industrial revolution(第四次工业革命) has come quietly.First Industrial RevolutionThe First Industrial Revolution( or steam technology revolution 蒸汽技术革命) took place from the 18th to 19th centuries in Europe and America. It was a period when mostly agrarian(农耕), rural societies became industrial and ur
4、ban.The iron and textile industries(钢铁和纺织工业) , along with the development of the steam engine(蒸汽机), played central roles in the Industrial Revolution.Picture of the steam engine (蒸汽机) In 1785, Watts improved steam engine(瓦特改良的蒸汽机) was put into use, providing more convenient power and driving the pop
5、ularization(普及) and development of machinery. In 1807, the steam-powered steamboat pilot of American Fulton succeeded.美国人富尔顿制成以蒸汽为动力的汽船试航成功。 In 1814, British man Stephen sun invented the steam-powered car.英国人史蒂芬孙发明了蒸汽汽车。 The first industrial revolution greatly strengthened the links between differen
6、t parts of the world, changed the face of the world, and finally established the dominance of the bourgeoisie for the world(确立了资产阶级对世界的统治地位).Britain first completed the industrial revolution and soon became the worlds hegemon(世界霸主). The first industrial revolution greatly improved productivity(生产力)
7、and spread advanced production techniques and advanced production experience. Capitalist countries(资本主义国家) seize commodity markets and raw materials around the world and enslave(奴役) local farmers.It has exacerbated(加剧) the poverty and backwardness of local farmers, making the east belong to the west
8、.Second Industrial RevolutionThe Second Industrial Revolution( or power technology revolution电力技术革命) took place between 1870 and 1914, just before World War I. It was a period of growth for pre-existing industries and expansion of new ones(原有的产业和新产业的扩张), such as steel, oil and electricity, and used
9、electric power to create mass production. Major technological advances during this period included the telephone, lightbulb, phonograph(留声机) and the internal combustion engine(内燃机). Electric energy is a new source of energy to complement and replace the steam engine.电能成为补充和取代以蒸汽机为动力的新能源。 In 1866, th
10、e German Siemens(西门子) made a generator(发电机).By the 1970s, the actual generators were available.After that, electric lights, trams(电车) and movie projectors(电影放映机) came into being, and humans entered the age of electricity(电气时代). In the 1970s and 1980s, an internal combustion engine fueled by gas and
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