[高一英语]关系副词引导定语从句课件.ppt

1、 （一）关系副词（一）关系副词wherewhere引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。 wherewhere引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。示地点的名词。 例：例： China is the only country where China is the only country where wild pandas can be found.wild pandas can be found. This is the house where I lived This is the house where I lived two years ago. two

2、years ago. 知识拓展：知识拓展：1. 1. 关系副词关系副词wherewhere引导的定语从句可以引导的定语从句可以转换为转换为“介词介词+which”+which”引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。例：例：The hotel where we stayed The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.wasnt clean. The house where LuXun once The ho

3、use where LuXun once lived is being repaired now.lived is being repaired now. =The house in which LuXun =The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired once lived is being repaired now.now. 2. 2. 若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，用从句缺主语或宾语，用whichwhich或或thatthat引引导定语从句，而不用导定语从句，而不用where

4、where来引导。来引导。 The library that/ which you visited The library that/ which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.yesterday was built in 1990. 3. 3. 如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point, point, situation, stage, conditionsituation, stage, condition和和casecase等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where where 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种

5、地步，到了某种地步，在某种境况中在某种境况中”。 例：例：Ive come to the point where Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.I cant stand him. 【典型例题典型例题】 1. Its helpful to put children in a 1. Its helpful to put children in a situation situation _ _ they can see they can see themselves differently. themselves differently.

6、 A. that B. when A. that B. when C. which D. where C. which D. where D D 2. Life is like a long race 2. Life is like a long race _we compete with others to _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. go beyond ourselves. A. why B. what A. why B. what C. that D. whereC. that D. whereD 3. I have r

7、eached a point in my 3. I have reached a point in my life life I am supposed to make I am supposed to make decisions of my own.decisions of my own. A. which B. A. which B. where where C. how D. whyC. how D. why B B 4. They will fly to Washington, 4. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay f

8、or two or _ they plan to stay for two or three days.three days. A. where B. A. where B. there there C. which D. whenC. which D. when A A whenwhen引导的定语从句其先行词往往是引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。表示时间的名词。 例：例： The time when I first met The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very Nelson Mandela was a very d

9、ifficult period of my life.difficult period of my life.（二）关系副词（二）关系副词whenwhen引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 知识拓展：知识拓展： 1. 1. 关系副词关系副词whenwhen引导的定语从句也可引导的定语从句也可以转换为以转换为“介词介词+which”+which”引导的定语从引导的定语从句。句。 I still remember the time when I still remember the time when (during which ) I lived in the (during which ) I li

10、ved in the countryside.countryside. 2. 2. 若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用从句缺主语或宾语，则用whichwhich或或thatthat引导定语从句。引导定语从句。 Ill never forget the time that / Ill never forget the time that / which I spent on campus. which I spent on campus. Ill never forget the time that/ Ill never forget the

11、time that/ which was spent with you. which was spent with you. 1. Because of the financial 1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. yuan for one night. A. ifB. when A. ifB. when

12、 C. which D. sinceC. which D. sinceB B 2. We went through a period _ 2. We went through a period _ communications were very communications were very difficult in the rural areas. difficult in the rural areas. A. which B. A. which B. whose whose C. in which D. with whichC. in which D. with which C C

13、（三）关系副词（三）关系副词why why 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。 whywhy引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：因的名词，如：excuse ; explanation; excuse ; explanation; reasonreason等。等。 例：例： The reason why he didnt come to The reason why he didnt come to the party is that he didnt want to the party is that he didnt want to see Jan

14、e.see Jane. We cant accept the excuse why We cant accept the excuse why you were absent. you were absent. This is the explanation why they This is the explanation why they put off the meeting.put off the meeting. 知识拓展：知识拓展： 1. 1. 关系副词关系副词whywhy引导的定语从句可以转引导的定语从句可以转换为换为“for +which ”for +which ”引导的定语从句

15、。引导的定语从句。 This is the reason why ( = for This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.which ) I didnt come here. 2. 2. 若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是reasonreason，但，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用whichwhich或或thatthat引导定语从句。引导定语从句。 The reason that/ which she gave The reason that/ which she gave was not

16、true.was not true. 即学即用 1) TheThe reason _he didnt come was that he was ill. 2) The reason he explained is not truetrue.whywhy that/ whichthat/ which （四）判断关系代词与关系副词（四）判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词；而不面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词；而不及物动词则要用关系副词及物动词则要用关

17、系副词 1. This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year. 2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year. 3. This is the mountain village _ _ I stayed in last year.that/ whichthat/ whichwherewherethat/ whichthat/ which 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、宾、定、状），也能正确的成分（主、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关

18、系代词选择出关系代词/ /关系副词。关系副词。 1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago? A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one 2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held? A. where B. that C. on whichD. the one 解题思路：解题思路： 题干句如果是疑问句式，要将其转化为陈题干句如果是疑问句式，要将其转化为陈述句式。述句式。 方法二中的第一个句子变为肯定句：方法二中的第一个句子变为肯定句： This museum i

19、s _ you visited a This museum is _ you visited a few days ago.few days ago. A. where B. A. where B. that that C. on which D. the oneC. on which D. the oneD D 第二个句子变为肯定句：第二个句子变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. exhibition was held. A. whereB. A. whereB. that

20、that C. on whichD. the oneC. on whichD. the oneA A 归纳：归纳： 关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾主、定、宾语语时，选择关系代词时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, (who, whom, that, which, whose)that, which, whose)；先行词在从；先行词在从句中作句中作状语状语时，应选择关系副词时，应选择关系副词 ( where ( where 地点状语，地点状语，when when 时间状语，时间状语，why wh

21、y 原因状语原因状语) ) 。 （五）定语从句与其他从句的比较（五）定语从句与其他从句的比较 1. 1. 非限制性定语从句和单句非限制性定语从句和单句/ /并列句的比较并列句的比较 He has two sons. Both ofHe has two sons. Both of_ are are teachers. teachers. （ 句）句） He has two sons, and both of He has two sons, and both of _are teachers. are teachers. （ 句）句） He has two sons; both ofHe has

22、 two sons; both of _ _are are teachers. teachers. （ 句）句） He has two sons, both of He has two sons, both of _are teachers. are teachers. （ 句）句） A. them B. whomA. them B. whomA A简单简单A AA A并列并列并列并列B B定语从定语从 分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。键。 2. as 2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句

23、与引导的非限制性定语从句与 it it引导的句子引导的句子 The earth is round, and _is The earth is round, and _is known to all.known to all. _is known to all, the earth _is known to all, the earth is round.is round. _is known to all that the _is known to all that the earth is round. earth is round. A. (I)it B. A(a)s A. (I)it B

24、. A(a)s A AB BA A 3. 3. 定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语从句 (1) This is such a big stone (1) This is such a big stone _no one can lift it._no one can lift it.（ 从句）从句） This is such a big stone _no This is such a big stone _no one can lift. one can lift. （ 从句）从句）状语状语thatthatasas定语定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that

25、 that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的而定语从句中的asas在从句中要作一个成分在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。（主语，宾语或表语）。 (2) Please put the letter in the (2) Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find drawer where he can easily find it. it. （ 从句）从句） Please put the letter where he Please put the letter w

26、here he can easily find it. can easily find it. （ 从句）从句）定语定语状语状语总结：总结：wherewhere前面有被修饰的前面有被修饰的地点名词地点名词时，时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。是定语从句，否则是状语从句。 4. when4. when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。引导的定语从句与强调句句型。 It was October _we met in It was October _we met in Beijing for the first time.Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句） It was in

27、 October _ we met in It was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.Beijing for the first time.（ 句）句）whenwhenthatthat定语从定语从强调强调总结：强调句句型：总结：强调句句型：It is/was+It is/was+被强调的被强调的部分部分+that/who +that/who +其它部分，去掉其它部分，去掉It It is/wasthat/who, is/wasthat/who, 句子照样成立。而句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。定语从句的引导

28、词在句中要作一成分。 解题技巧：解题技巧： 1. 1. 通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。 2. 2. 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。陈述句式。 3. 3. 分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词 4. 4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词连词and, butand, but等。等。 即学即用：即学即用： 1) Yesterday my

29、 physics 1) Yesterday my physics teacher set such a difficult teacher set such a difficult exam problem _ none of us exam problem _ none of us worked out. worked out. A. that B. as A. that B. as C. so that D. whichC. so that D. whichB B 2) Here are players from Japan, 2) Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old some of _ are our old friends.friends. A. which B. that A. which B. that C. whom D. themC. whom D. themC C