2022年4月自考00012英语一试题及答案.pdf

1、2022 年年 4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）英语（一） 试卷试卷(课程代码课程代码 00012)第一部分第一部分：阅读判断（第阅读判断（第 1 11010 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分分) )下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择 C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Why I Love My JobRoss is a public school teacher. She teac

2、hes a group of, mostly, seniors and she loves what she does.My job is great,she said.That is the only way to describe it.As teachers, we have the opportunity to completely change someones life by providing him or her with a good education.Ross moved to Austin in 1981 to attend the University of Texa

3、s. She earned a degree in math. Since her graduation, she has enjoyed teaching high school students in Texas for nearly 30 years. Over the years, she has taught every level of high school math.Ive always taught high school students, she said. I like their energy, and I enjoy teaching seniors because

4、 they are getting ready to move on.Ross also believes teaching helps her keep a balance between work and life. It has allowed her to have the same work schedule as her childrens school schedule. When her sons were younger, she worked during the day while her musician husband worked at night. So dayc

5、are was never a problem. Today her two boys share the same daily schedule and the same winter, spring and summer vacations with her.Teaching brings other benefits, too. Entry-level salaries of teachers are competitive with other fields. Teachers are also offered good retirement benefits and insuranc

6、e.“Due to bad economy, very few places offer a pension now and teaching is one of them, she said.1.Ross believes that good education can change a persons life. （A）A、trueB、falseC、Not Given2.Ross has been teaching in Austin since 1981.（B）A、trueB、falseC、Not Given3.Ross is able to teach every level of h

7、igh school math.（A）A、trueB、falseC、Not Given4.Ross is one of the most popular teachers in her high school.（C）A、trueB、falseC、Not Given5.Ross enjoys teaching high school students.（A）A、trueB、falseC、Not Given6.Ross husband used to have a day-time job when their sons were younger.（B）A、trueB、falseC、Not Giv

8、en7.Ross two sons are interested in music.(C)A、trueB、falseC、Not Given8.Ross often goes traveling with her sons during their vacations.(C )A、trueB、falseC、Not Given9.New teachers earn much less than beginners in other fields.(B )A、trueB、falseC、Not Given10.Because of bad economy, teachers are losing th

9、eir pensions, too.(B)A、trueB、falseC、Not Given第二部分第二部分: :阅读选择（第阅读选择（第 11111515 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分分) )阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出 1 个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was a famous scientist. He created many theories that completely changed the way people saw our world

10、 and the universe. At first, very few scientists could understand his theories. As time passed, other scientists came to accept them.Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879 and grew up in Munich.He was not a good student at school. He only did things he was interested in, like science and math.Aft

11、er school， Einstein went to Switzerland and worked at the Swiss patent（专利） office in Bern.He studied what other people had invented. Later he moved to Berlin, Germany.He lived there for a long time and developed many of his scientific theories. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.In 1933,Hitl

12、er and the Nazis came to power in Germany. Einstein was against the Nazis and their ideas.He decided to leave Germany and go to America. When World War broke out in 1939, Einstein discovered that German scientists were working on a bomb. The bomb could kill thousands of people. He wrote a letter to

13、the American president to warn him. He also suggested that the Americans start building one, too.In 1942,the American government started a project to build the atomic bomb.Two of these bombs were dropped to end the war against Japan.Einstein was shocked when he heard the news.He wanted atomic energy

14、 to bring peace to the world.For the last twenty years of his life, Einstein lived in Princeton. He continued his scientific work there. He died on April 18, 1955.11.What can we know about Einstein in his childhood? (D)A、He was born in Munich, Germany.B、He was a straight-A student at school.C、He was

15、 asked to leave school.D、He was interested in science subjects.12.In which country did Einstein develop many of his theories? (C )A、Switzerland.B、America.C、Germany.D、Japan.13.Einstein decided to leave for the United States because he_A_.A、was opposed to the NazisB、could find a better job thereC、want

16、ed to get away from warsD、was invited by the US government14.When Einstein learned about the bombs dropped on Japan, he felt_B _.A、excitedB、surprisedC、satisfiedD、confused15.What can be inferred about Einstein from the passage? (D )A、He had many followers when he was in Switzerland.B、He earned a Nobe

17、l Prize after World War II.C、He spent his late days in Germany.D、He was a peace-loving person.第三部分第三部分概括段落大意和补全句子（第概括段落大意和补全句子（第 16162525 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务（1）从第 1620 题后所给的 6 个选项中为第段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；（2）从第 2125 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Jungle High

18、way Central Brazil has been invaded （入侵） by engineers and construction workers. They have cut through the Amazon jungle to build a new road across Brazil. The new road is called the Trans-Amazon Highway. It links the cities of Brazils east coast with another highway that stretches to the Pacific. Th

19、e highway connects cities all over Brazil with new settlements in central Brazil. Brazilians are both hopeful and anxious about the highway project. The land of northeastern Brazil is dry. It is difficult for the people to grow enough food or make enough money. They expect the new highway to provide

20、 new farmland and many jobs. They also expect new towns and cities to develop along the highway. They believe people will move from the coastal cities and help develop central Brazil. The highway is a great challenge to Brazilian engineering. Huge cutting machines are used to clear away thick jungle

21、 growth. There are other challenges, too. Workers have to deal with heavy rains, biting insects, diseases and loneliness. They do not bring their families with them. They often miss their families and friends at home. Ecologists（生态学家）are worried about problems the new highway has brought. The rainfo

22、rest has only a thin layer （层）of rich soil. This layer has been protected by tall trees and fed by dead leaves and plants. But construction is destroying the forest. The trees have been cleared away to make room for the road and new settlements. Ecologists believe there will be no good farmland. Alr

23、eady, some areas of the jungle have turned into dry and dusty deserts.Task1Task116.Paragraph ：17.Paragraph ：18.Paragraph ：19.Paragraph ：20.Paragraph ：A. Description of the highwayB. Difficulties of the projectC. Invasion of the Amazon jungleD.Life in the jungleE. Ecologists worriesF. Brazilians expe

24、ctationsTask2Task221. Trees in the jungle have been cut_.22. People in northeastern Brazil expect the highway_.23.Brazilians hope that_.24. Road workers often feel lonely because_.25. Ecologists are worried that_.A. to make room for a highway projectB. central Brazil will be developedC. they leave t

25、heir families behindD. the forest is destroyedE. people will suffer from more diseasesF. to bring them more money答案：C17.A18.F19.B20.E21.A22.F23.B24.C25.D第四部分第四部分填句补文（第填句补文（第 26263030 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）下面的短文有 5 处空白，短文后有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。First-bor

26、n ChildrenHow do first-born children differ from later-born children? Hundreds of experiments have shown that the eldest child tends to be more careful, more eager for success, and more anxious.26_ He avoids dangerous sports like football and soccer.One thing seems certain: first-borns have a good s

27、tart in life. They are no more intelligent. But they are better readers as children.They do better in high school. They get better grades on school tests. More first-borns go to colleges and graduate schools.27_ They dominate（占优势） in graduate schools. They account for more than a third of doctors, l

28、awyers and college professors. More first-borns become famous people in the world.One reason for differences between older and younger children is that parents treat them differently.Many parents usually favor the eldest because everything he does is a novelty（新奇）. First-borns tend to be breast-fed

29、longer.They are photographed endlessly. 28_ First-borns are also given more responsibility because the mother needs them to help with the younger ones.29_ Sometimes it is simply because families cannot afford to send more than one child to college.30_The first-born child provides the first vehicle b

30、y which parents can continue their own identities and realize their hopes and dreams. All in all, it seems that first-borns are not only teachers pets, but parents pets as well.A. He is also more sensitive to pain.B. Many parents simply expect more of the first child.C. They account for 66% of the s

31、tudents in top US universities.D.Later-borns have valuable qualities that many first-borns lack.E. But later-borns are lucky to appear in group pictures.F. In certain cultures, the eldest should enjoy special educational advantages.答案A27.C28.E29.F30.B第五部分第五部分填词补文（第填词补文（第 31314040 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共

32、分，共 1515 分）分）下面的短文有 10 处空白，短文后列出 12 个词，其中 10 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Building Trust in TeamworkTrust is important for teamwork. Teens must learn to trust each other to work towards a common 31_.For one activity，put the teens into 32_.One is blindfolded（蒙住眼睛）.Use rings to 33_ mines（地雷）in a ce

33、rtain area. The seeing partner stands on the 34_ side of the field. He must direct his partner across the mine field safely. The point is to see how 35_ their chosen form of communication is.For another activity， 36_ the whole group an un-assembled（未组装的） tent. Tell them they are in Antarctica and 37

34、_ survived a snowstorm. The team leader has his hands hurt and cannot 38_. Half the team have been blinded by 39_ and the other half have lost their voices.They must work 40_,listen to their leader and trust each other to quickly put the tent together for survival.A.barelyB. EffectiveC. effotD giveE

35、. goalF. helpG.oppositeH.pairsI. representJ. snowK. difficultL. together答案E32.H33.I34.G35.B36.D37.A38.F39.J40.L第六部分第六部分完形补文（第完形补文（第 41415050 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分）分）下面的短文有 10 处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌。The Origin of Birthday CakeThe words forcakeand breadwere practically (p

36、ractical) the same in early Europe. The only 41_(differ)was that cakes were sweet. In the 15th century,42_(baker)came up with the idea of 43_(sell) cakes for peoples birthdays and their weddings. Since the cakes were 44_(usual) used for the birthdays of young children, these celebrations were 45_(re

37、fer) to as childrens festival. During this period,people began to put new ingredients（成分） into cakes to make them 46_（sweet） and less bread-like.During the 17th century，birthday cakes were a luxury（奢侈品）. Only the very 47_(wealth) could afford them. During the 48_(Industry)Revolution, materials and t

38、ools became more advanced and more 49_(easy) acquired.As a result, the price of birthday cakes became 50_(accept) to the masses.答案difference42. bakers43. selling44.usually45. referred46.sweeter47. wealthy48.Industrial49. easily50. acceptable第七部分第七部分短文写作（第短文写作（第 5151 题，题，3030 分）分）请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 80

39、词左右的英文写作任务。51.某英文报社邀请你参加题为Where do you prefer to live，in a city or in the countryside?的征文活动。以下是写作提纲 你的选择; 你做出上述选择的原因。答案范文（略）1）评分原则本题总分为 30 分，按 5 个档次评分。阅卷人应就总体印象给分，而不是按照语言错误的数量扣分。 评分时，先根据文章的内容要点、篇章结构和语言运用初步确定其所属的档次，然后依照该档次的具体要求酌情增减分数，最后给分。应避免分数趋中现象，即不能只给中间档次的分数。该给高分时就应给高分（包含满分），该给低分时就应给低分（包含 0 分）。拼写和

40、标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英式、美式拼写及用法均可接受。如书写较差难以辨认，以致影响交际，或字数明显少于要求，将分数降低一个档次。 2）评分标准第一档 2530 分：圆满完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求。语言运用较为准确、恰当。第二档 1924 分：完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部或关键内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的基本要求。语言运用基本正确，虽有小错，但不影响理解。在 第三档 1318 分：基本完成了试题规定的任务。提及了关键内容要点（可能漏掉了个别内容）。 运用的语法结构和词汇满足任务的最低要求。存在一些语言错误，但基本不影响理解。第四档 712 分：完成了一部分试题规定的任务。遗漏或未能清楚表达内容要点。语法结构和词汇单调。语言错误较多，部分错误影响理解。第五档 16 分：未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏内容要点。语法结构和词汇极单调。语言错误很多，严重影响理解。0 分：所传达的信息或所用语言太少，无法评价；所写内容与题目要求完全无关。