英语图表作文课件.ppt

1、图表作文根据所给图表根据所给图表, 写一篇短文描述近年来看电影与看电视的人数变化，并分析变化的原因。写一篇短文描述近年来看电影与看电视的人数变化，并分析变化的原因。 a: Number of TV watchers b: Number of film goersNumber of People (in thousands)Task one： a bvFrom the graph, we can see that in the past 10 years, the number of TV watchers has soared from 10,000 in 1996 to 100,000 in

2、 2004 while the number of film goers has declined sharply from 90,000 to only 10,000 in 2005.参考范文参考范文:1 From the table, we can see that film is giving way to TV in our city. 2For example, in 1995, there were less than 10 thousand TV watchers, more than 80 thousand film goers, while in 2005, we had a

3、bout 100 thousand TV watchers but only about 10 thousand film goers. 3The number of film goers is decreasing and that of TV watchers is increasing. 4Televisions are quite common nowadays and so more and more people turn to TV because it is convenient and cheap and watchers have a wide range of progr

4、ams for them to choose from. 5At the same time, there are still some people who prefer films because they like the atmosphere in the cinema as well as the entertainment 图表作文的题目一般分为三部分v1. 解释v 一般为一句话，如：vThe table below summarizes some data about 图表作文的题目一般分为三部分v2. 写作要求 如: vWrite a report to describe th

5、e sales figures based on the information shown in the table.v3. 图表图表类型v1. line graph （曲线图）v2. bar chart (柱状图）v3. pie chart (饼图）v4. table （表格） A(pie/chart)Percentage of Average Family Expense in 2000 BPercentage of Average Family Expense in2005Housing 25%other57%Housing32%other46% Fooddrink18%Fooddri

6、nk22%vAs can be seen from the two charts, in the past five years, the percentage of family expanse on housing has increased greatly while money spent on other things has decreased a lot.20012002200320042005grain43%42%41%41%40%milk13%14%14.5%14.5%15%meat25%25%26%26.5%27.5%Fruit&vegetable19%19%18.5%18

7、%17.5%total100% 100%100%100%100%请你根据下表提供的信息描述近请你根据下表提供的信息描述近5年人们饮食的变年人们饮食的变化化,并说明变化的原因并说明变化的原因.( table)vAccording to the table, people have been eating less grain, fruit and vegetables than they did four years ago while they have been taking in more meat and dairy produce. The following graph shows

8、sales trends of a company between 1994 and 2000. look at the graph carefully and answer the questions below. Use the words and expressions in bold to help you.Sales in $ Millionv注意抓住图表个性注意抓住图表个性( characteristic)( characteristic)。不同。不同类型的图表反映的信息重点不一样：柱状图的类型的图表反映的信息重点不一样：柱状图的描写重点在于比较和对比；曲线图重点在于描描写重点在于

9、比较和对比；曲线图重点在于描述曲线的上升与下降趋势，并对明显的高峰和述曲线的上升与下降趋势，并对明显的高峰和低谷进行细节描写；饼状图应该依次描写，突低谷进行细节描写；饼状图应该依次描写，突出重点，如果有几个饼图，还应作对应的比较出重点，如果有几个饼图，还应作对应的比较；表格信息相对而言不很直观，应在仔细阅读；表格信息相对而言不很直观，应在仔细阅读之后发现其特点，找出突出鲜明的信息对比描之后发现其特点，找出突出鲜明的信息对比描写。写。Data descriptionData description描述数据描述数据v描述数据重要的是描述数据的变化，比较不同的数据，突出特征数据，千万不能只是罗列一些

10、具体数据。v数据变化的种类：增加，减少，波动，不变四种。The following graph shows sales trends of a company between 1994 and 2000. look at the graph carefully and answer the questions below. Use the words and expressions in bold to help you.Sales in $ MillionQuestions: 1) In which year did clothing sales and toy sales remain a

11、pproximately the same?2) During which period did clothing sales rise steadily?3) During which period did toy sales decrease significantly?4) During which period was there a slight increase in toy sales?5) During which period was there a dramatic rise in toy sales?In 1997.1997-2000.1997-1998.1998-199

12、9.1995-1996.6) In which year did clothing sales reach a peak?7) In which year did toy sales hit the lowest point over the seven-year period?8) During which period did toy sales reach a peak?9) During which two periods was there a sharp drop in clothing sales?10) In which year was there the biggest d

13、ifference between clothing sales and toy sales?In 2000.In 1995.1997.1994-1995 and 1996-1997. In 1994. 写作步骤v1. 审题，看懂图表 v2. 列提纲，选择材料的组织和取舍v3. 开始写作 v4. 检查 引言 （introduction )v一般是一句话，简单而概括地告诉读者图表显示了什么。一般是题目中解释的改写，但注意不要照搬过来。v常用句型：v1) The table / chart / diagram/ graph shows / describes / illustrates/ indi

14、cates/ outlines/ compares / summarizes _.引言 （introductionv2) According to / As shown in / As can be seen from the table / chart / diagram/ graph, _.v3) It can be seen from / We can see from / It is clear from / It is apparent from the table / chart/ diagram / graph that _.描述图表v可以写成一段，但最好根据不同对象分为多段，这

15、样结构更清晰。得出结论v用一两句话再次说一下从图表中能看到什么。v注意: 不要写得过多，一两句话就可以。写 作重点应放在第二部分描述数据上。描述数据v1. 描述数据的变化v一般曲线图（line graph)中肯定有数据的变化，如果图表中涉及两个以上的时间，也肯定要写数据的变化。v变化的种类一般有：增加、减少、波动、不变四种。通常用动词和副词，或者形容词和名词来表示。图表的描述图表的描述v图表的类型 table （表格）, line graph（ 曲线图）, bar chart（柱状图）, pie chart（饼状图）等v表示曲线图上最高点和最低点的表达方式表示曲线图上最高点和最低点的表达方式

16、reach a peak, reach its highest point, reach their/its nadir (最低点), reach its lowest point, reach its bottom. 表示增加、减少和变化不大或没有变化的词语表示增加、减少和变化不大或没有变化的词语1）增加、上升趋势）增加、上升趋势 rise to / rise, to increase/an increase, soar, to grow/a growth, to go up, to shoot up, be on the rise, a upward trend, move upwards

17、. 2）减少、下降趋势）减少、下降趋势 to decline/an decline, to collapse/a collapse, to drop/a drop, to go down, to decrease/a decrease, to fall/a fall, to reduce/ a reduction, downward trend, move downwards, slump(暴跌).3)变化不大或没有变化变化不大或没有变化to level off, to remain constant/steady/stable, to stabilize, to have little ch

18、ange, to remain unchanged, to fluctuate(波动). Step One: Describing Trends 2. 表示变化幅度的词和词组表示变化幅度的词和词组 1) 小幅变化小幅变化 small, slow/slowly, slight/slightly, gradual/gradually, steady/steadily, a bit, a little, hardly. 2) 大幅变化大幅变化 a great deal/a lot, big, great/greatly, sudden/suddenly, rapid/rapidly, sharp/s

19、harply, dramatic/dramatically, obvious/obviously, steep/steeply, considerable/considerably, apparent/apparently, remarkable/ remarkably, significant/significantly,. 3.表示比较和对比的词语表示比较和对比的词语1) 相同相同Similarly, likewise, like, too, bothand, the same as, have a lot in common, in the same way2) 相异相异,对比对比 ne

20、vertheless, on the contrary, on one hand, on the other hand, in sharp contrast (with), whereas, unlike, but, however, rather than, instead, in/by contrast, regardless of. V. to show increasev. To show decreaseadverbsincreasedecreaseSlightlyGo (went) up Go (went) downslowlyRise (rose)declinegradually

21、Grow (grew)Fall (fell)SteadilyJump (up)Is (was) reduced rapidlySurgeDropmoderatelyShoot (shot) up Sink (sank)SignificantlyDip sharply注：并非所有的dramatically副词适合所有的动词drasticallyAdjectivesnouns to show increaseNouns to show decreaseSlowIncreaseDecreaseGradualRiseDeclineSteadyGrowthFallRapidJumpReductionSl

22、ightSurgeDropModeratefluctuationSignificantSharpDramatic并非所有的形容词适合所有的动词drastic其它一些有用的词Adjectives nounsverbsAdverbsDownwardchangechangedownwardupwardFluctuationfluctuateUpward(reach a) peakPeakRemain the sameReach a plateauStabilizeRemain stableRemain constant描述数据变化的句式有三种v1）变化的主体+动词 （+副词）va. The numb

23、er of toy sales increased significantly from 1957 to 1974.vb. The number dropped slightly from 1957 to 1974.vc. The number remained stable from 1957 to 1974.vd. The number fluctuated between 100 and 200 from 1957 to 1974. 描述数据变化的句式有三种v2) There be + 形容词形容词+名词名词+in + 变化的主体变化的主体va. There was a sharp de

24、crease in the number toy sales from 1957 to 1974.vb. There was a significant increase in the number from 1957 to 1974.vc. There was little change in the number from 1957 to 1974.vd. There was a fluctuation between 100 to 200 in the number from 1957 to 1974. 描述数据变化的句式有三种v3) 时间 + saw +形容词+ 名词+ in +变化的

25、主体vThe last 17 years saw the sharp decline in the number.2. 比较不同的数据v描述数据的变化是非常重要的，也要注意比较图表中不同的数据，通常用到比较级。v常用句式：v1) In management positions, there are more males than females.v2) A greater percentage of men than women are found in management positions.v3) A smaller percentage of women than men are em

26、ployed in management positions.2. 比较不同的数据v4) The percentage of men employed in management positions is much larger than that of women in these occupations.v5) College students bought more fiction books than others.v6) More urban dwellers have a water supply than rural dwellers.v7) Fewer rural dwelle

27、rs have a water supply than urban dwellers.v8) In 1980, 30% of rural dwellers had drinking water compared with 50% in 1990. v9) In 1980, 30% of rural dwellers had drinking water whereas in 1990 50% had it.v10) The students in class A are three times as many as those in class B.v11) The profit double

28、d from May to June.v12) The profit increased three-fold from May to June.v13) They made twice the profit in June than In Match. v14) They made three times the profit in June than in March. 3. 抓住特征数据v常常指最大值、最小值、最高点、最低点。v常用句式：v1) England had the largest percentage of the students.v2) Tailand accounted

29、 for the smallest number of the students.v3) In 1998, the number reaches its peak / top / highest point.3. 抓住特征数据v4) In 1998, the number increased to its peak / top / highest point.v5) In 1998, the number reached its bottom/ lowest point.v6) In 1998, the number dropped to / reached its bottom / lowe

30、st point.v7) The profit peaked at 2000.4. 描述特征数据v 并非所有图表中都能看出数据的变化，但任何图表中都包含静态数据。描述静态数据不是特别重要。尤其当图表中信息很多时，只选出有代表性的静态数据写一两句就可以了。重要的是描述数据变化和比较不同的数据。如果图表中数据比较少，可以适当描述一些静态数据，以满足字数的要求。4. 描述特征数据v常用句式：v1) The number was 2000.v2) The number reached 2000.v3) The number increased to 2000.v4) The number decrea

31、sed to 2000.v5) The number increased by 100 from 200 to 300.v6) Thailand had 15%.v7) Thailand represented one third.4. 描述特征数据v8) Thailand accounted for two thirds.v9) Thailand made up three quarters.v10) Thailand occupied one quarter.v11) College students bought 200 fiction books.v图表中信息很多时，不要再描述静态数据

32、上花很多的笔墨，可以在描述数据变化及比较不同数据时，顺便将静态数据写出来。4. 描述特征数据v如：v1) In managerial positions, there are more males than females (10% and 5% respectively).v2) College students bought more fiction books (224) than others.v3) Thailand accounted for the smallest number (234) of the students.5. 使用的时态v 第一段（引言）和最后一段（结论）一般

33、用一般现在时。第二部分描述数据，如果题目中指出了具体的时间，一般用一般过去时，否则用一般现在时。当然两种情况都会用到完成时及进行时。如：v1）题目中指出具体的时间，一般用一般过去时。 例如：vA. The number of television licenses increased significantly from 1957 to 1974.5. 使用的时态vB. The number of cinema admission dropped slightly from 1957 to 1974.v2)题目中没有涉及具体的时间，一般用一般现在时。例如：vA. In management p

34、ositions, there are more males than females.vB. A greater percentage of men than women are found in management positions.5. 使用的时态v3) 两种情况下都会用到完成时及进行时。如：vA. By 1974, the number has reached 2500.vB. In 1995, 30% of the people were cycling to work.6. 涉及的时间v常用的表示时间的短语如下：v1) in 1997 2) before 1957 v3) af

35、ter 1957 4) since 1957 v 5) between 1957 and 1974v6) from 1957 to 1974v7) by 1974v8) until 1974 7. 描述数据不必太精确v除非图表中很确定，否则描述数据不必太精确，适合使用下列词：v1) 大约：approximately, about, almost, nearly v2)超过：more than, overv3) 不到：less than, under HomeworkvDirections: Study the following graph carefully and write an ess

36、ay entitled What Jobs do Colleges Graduates Want to Do ? in which you should 1) interpret the graph; 2) give your comments. You should write 160200 words neatly. 百分比%BoysGirlsBusinessman Lawyer Manager Scientist TeacherSample Writing What Jobs do College Graduates Want to Do ? College students have

37、a clear idea about their future occupation and boys are to some extent different from girls in their choice as is seen from the graph. The most striking contrast is in the occupation of teacher: 45% of girl students would like to become teachers after graduation whereas only 5% of boys want to do th

38、is job.What boys like to do most is to become managers (40%) and the second largest group is to be businessmen (30%) . Girls also like to pursue these two professions, with a percentage of 15% and 25% respectively choosing these two jobs. 15% of boys want to be lawyers while 10% of girls prefers thi

39、s profession. Teaching is preferred by females as it provides a more regular and purer life. Womens patience also fits the job well. Boys consider working as scientists, managers, businessmen and lawyers more demanding and stimulating, so more boys want to show their talents in these fields. One thi

40、ng worthy of note is that the numbers of girls wanting to do business is not small. This shows that girls also want to do the challenging and exciting jobs.Writing about Line GraphsvDirections: The line graph below shows the growth of households with personal computers in China. Write a short compos

41、ition describing the changes. 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988Year Percentage20%15%10%5%00.2%21.0%Sample Writing The line graph illustrates trend of thousands with personal computers in China from 1980 to 1988. As can be seen from the graph, there is a steadily increasing tendency of per

42、sonal computers in households in China. In 1980, only two families in every one thousand families possessed a personal computer. However, in 1981, there were forty families in every one thousand families owned a computer. The figure is twenty times of that in 1980. From then on, the line continued t

43、o go up until 1987 when two hundred families in every one thousand families had a personal computer; this is one hundred times of that in 1980. In 1988, the rate of family computer reached as high as two hundred and ten in every thousand families.Writing about Pie ChartsvDirections: The pie chart be

44、low shows the average way in which foreign students learning English in London spend their money over the course of a week. Write a short report to describe the information.v Rent and food100School fees 90Entertainment 60Clothes: 25Study materials: 5Underground20Sample Writing The pie chart reveals

45、typical spending patterns for foreign students taking English language courses in schools in London. The average spend can be divided very roughly into thirds: the first third being spent on rent and food, the second on school fees and the last divided between entertainment, travel, clothes and stud

46、y materials. The total weekly spend for international students is shown to be 300 pounds per week. From the information described in the chart, it can be seen that rent and food accounts for exactly a third of the total amount spent by students, amounting to 100 pounds per week. This is the biggest single expense for students in London. The second greatest expense is school fees, the average being 90 pounds per week. Entertainment makes up a fifth of the total spend for students, and the remaining money (50) is used to travel on the underground and buy clothes and study materials.