定语从句b(介词+关系代词和where-why-课件.ppt

1、定定 语语 从从 句句（二）（二）指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时省略？何时省略？做做宾语宾语时可省时可省关系代词关系代词 主语主语 宾语宾语介宾介宾 定语定语 人人whothat whowhom that whomwhose=of whom 物物thatwhichthatwhichwhichwhose=of which请填空并说明成份：请填空并说明成份： 1.The man came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl I met is Luc

2、y. 3. A child parents are dead is called Tom. 4. I like the book you bought yesterday. 5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone family was poor. 6. I like the person you just talked.7. We shall never forget the days we spent together. 1、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、with whomB、a

3、bout whomC、about whoD、whomB2、I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D3、This is the factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、whoC、whatD、the oneA关系代词的用法练习关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry. He came t

4、o supper last night.The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh.The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot. He prefers the

5、cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.难用的难用的whoseThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.The house whose window is broken is mine.=the houses windowThe house is mine.

6、the window of which is brokenof which the window is brokenwhose whose 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作定语定语, ,表示引导表示引导词与词与 whose whose 后的后的名词为所属关系名词为所属关系。 whosewhose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of whichof which互换使用。互换使用。This is the bookThis is the book whosewhose covercover is is blue.blue.This is the book This is the

7、 book of whichof which thethe cover cover is blue.is blue.This is the book This is the book thethe cover of which cover of which is blue. is blue. The boss of the company, whose name was Mr. Little, told the story about Ms King.1. The boss of the company told the story about Ms King. His name was Mr

8、. Little.HisThe boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident.2. The boss had heard about the accident.Mr. King worked in his department.his3. The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our

9、 class.whose =the studentsThere are in this class 20 students, _ are different.A. whose backgrounds B. the backgrounds of whomC. of whom the backgrounds D. the backgrounds of whose1）This is the girl with whom I went to the cinema yesterday.2）Ill never forget the day on which (when) I came here. 3）On

10、 the earth there are many research stations in which outer space is studied. a). Oct. 1 1949 is the day China was founded. b). That is the park I lost my wallet.on whichin which a).The watch she felt proud was worth $ 100. b).The big tree the oldare playing chess is about 100 years old. c).Ill give

11、your son a model plane he will like to play. of whichunder whichwith which1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.介词介词+ +关系代词的情况关系代

12、词的情况( (练习练习) )on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very g

13、ood at wrestling.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which注意：注意：在一些在一些固定搭配固定搭配的短语词组中，由于的短语词组中，由于动词和介词不可分割动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介，因此不能把介词提前，即不能置于关系代词之前。词提前，即不能置于关系代词之前。This is the pen which Im looking for.This

14、is the pen for which Im looking.类似搭配：类似搭配：look for, look after, take care ofThe babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. 那个保姆照看的小那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。宝宝们都很健康。 The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.注意：注意：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前或后还可有前或后还可有some, any, none, all,

15、both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。等代词或者数词。如：如：He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。很好。In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which (=of which some) have gone bad. 篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。There are forty stu

16、dents in our class in all, most of whom (=of whom most) are from big cities. 我们班总共有我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自个学生，大多数来自大城市。大城市。Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which (=of which three) are about country life. 迄今为止，他写了迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中部小说，其中部是关于农村生活的。部是关于农村生活的。高考链接高考链接介词加关系代词引导的定语从句1. The place _

17、the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross- river traffic is the heaviest. (江苏江苏2005) A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 2. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. （山东（山东2005） A. from which B. after that C. after which

18、 D. from this 简析：简析：题题1中中 the place 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作 to be built 的地点状语，此处的的地点状语，此处的 at which 相相当于当于 where; 后面是表语从句，表示建后面是表语从句，表示建在某地。在某地。题题2表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥深造，故选深造，故选C。3. I have many friends, _some are businessmen.(全国全国2005） A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 4. I saw a woman

19、running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _ she had come. (重庆重庆2006) A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _we gave some bells and glasses. (湖

20、南湖南2006) A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which 6.I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. (浙江浙江2006) A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 题题3、4、5、6考查考生对考查考生对“介词介词+关关系代词系代词”引导的定语从句的掌握及其引导的定语从句的掌握及其灵活运用情况。灵活运用情况。1.American women usually identify their best friend

21、 as someone _ they can talk frequently. （04上海）上海） A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom Practice two 2. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. （04全国全国I） A. for whichB. at which C. in which D. on which3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ fi

22、ve are mine. （04全国全国IV） A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which4. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. （04广西）广西） A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which知识点回顾知识点回顾1,The house,_ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has b

23、een repaired.A the roof of which B which roof C the roof of whose D that roof2, I decided to write about Chaplin, one of _ films I had seen several years before.A whose B whom C that D which3,There are two small rooms in the house,_ serves as a kitchen.A the smaller of which B the small of which C t

24、he smaller of them D the smaller one4, He fell from his horse, as a result of _ he could not go to work.A that B which C whose D whom5,The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A of which B which of C of them D of that6,American women usually identify thei

25、r best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.A who B as C about which D with whomthatthat和和whichwhich的用法区的用法区别别 that和和which在在指物指物的情况下一般可互的情况下一般可互换换, 但以下情况但以下情况, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. (1) 先行词为先行词为all, e

26、verything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代等不定代词时。词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰

27、时。(5)先行词中既有人又有物时，引导先行词中既有人又有物时，引导定语从句用定语从句用that 。 The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.(6) 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时用用that.She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.(7)在以在以which或或who开头的句子中，为开头的句子中，为了避免重复，关系代词用了避免重复，关系代词用that.W

28、hich is the book that you bought last week?Who is the boy that is standing there?All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .that thatthatIve read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we have received is satisfactory.Plea

29、se send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time. that thatthatthatHamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. thatthatthatThe famous wri

30、ter and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc. thatthatMy hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.He didnt become the kind of person that his father wanted him to be.Who _ you have

31、 ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ?that that 不管先行词是人还是物不管先行词是人还是物, ,只用只用thatthat的两种情况的两种情况: :Which is the subject (that) you are going to learn next term? Who is the man that came to see you just now?2. 关系代词在从句中作表语时：关系代词在从句中作表语时：He is no longer the man (that)

32、he used to be.1. 由由which和和who开头的问句中避免重复开头的问句中避免重复三、不用三、不用that，用，用which, who, whom的情况的情况He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from ab

33、road,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，指物用指物用which，指人用，指人用who或或whom。Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，在介词后面，指事物用指事物用which，

34、指人用，指人用whom。在下列情况指人只能用在下列情况指人只能用 who 而不用而不用thatOne who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.The ones who are often late should be punishedDont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.1.先行词是先行词是one / ones / an

35、yone 时要用时要用whoThose who break the law are punished.Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.He who has not been to the Great Wall is not a true man.He who laughs last laughs best.He who breaks the law is punished.2.先行词为先行词为 those, he 时用时用 “who”而不用 “that”. 在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中只能用只能用which 做

36、关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况在介词后面在介词后面1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatl

37、y in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom5.This is one of the best books_. A.that have ever been written C.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have writtenA B BBA6.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything_ _ _ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where7.Is

38、oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it8.Is there anything_to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong9.The scientist and his achievements_you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose10.Which of the books_were borrowed from hi

39、m is the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whoseBABBC关系副词的用法关系副词的用法 1). I will never forget the day when he left.2). Tell me the time when the train leaves.on whichat which= in/ at/ during/ on which3). Oct 1. 1949 is the day when China was founded.4). We will have some free time when we can learn French

40、 at home. during whichon which 1). A desert is a place where nothing will grow.2). This is the school where I used to teach.3). Tell me the restaurant where we can go for dinner.at whichto whichin which 1).I dont know the reason why he left.2). The reason why he is fired is that he isnt fit for the

41、job.3). The reason why he failed is that he didnt listen carefully in class.= for which是否所有的是否所有的介词介词+关系代词关系代词都都能用能用关系副词关系副词代替代替?1.The painting (_ I looked) was painted by me.2.The book (_ I heard) was written twenty years ago.at whichabout which3.The pen (_ she wrote that book) can now be seen in a

42、 museum.4.Kunming is a beautiful place ( _) flowers are seen all the year round.5.Yesterday we went to visit the house ( _ ) the great writer used to live.with whichwhere/in whichwhere/in which6. I will never forget the day (_ ) I first met you on the ship. 7. The film (_I fell asleep) was very bori

43、ng.结论：结论：只有当只有当 “介词介词+关系代词关系代词”充当地点状语、时间状语或原因充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。状语时，才能用关系副词代替。on which/whenduring which注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句中的关系：句中的关系：“介词介词+ +关系代词关系代词”在从句中作状语在从句中作状语相当于一个关系副词。相当于一个关系副词。如：如：王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。这个句子有以下三种表达方式：这个句子有以下三种表达方式：The factory that/which Mr. Wa

44、ng works in is a shoe one.The factory in which Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.The factory where Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.他将永远记住他入团的那天。他将永远记住他入团的那天。1. He will forever remember the day that/which he joined the League on.2. He will forever remember the day on which he joined the League.3. He will for

45、ever remember the day when he joined the League.The park is beautiful.I met him in the park.The park ,where I met him is beautiful.=The park which/that I met him in is beautiful.=The park ,in which I met him is beautiful.The table is made of wood.I put my book on the table.The table where I put my b

46、ook is made of wood.=The table, on which I put my book ,is made of wood.=The table which I put my book on is made of wood.The day on which I met him first was May 1st=The day when I met him first was May 1st.=The day that/ which I met him first on was May 1st.I will never forget that year.I came to

47、this school in that year.I will never forget that year in which I came to this school.= I will never forget that year when I came to this school.= I will never forget that year which/ that I came to this school in.We often think of the days we spent together in the countryside.We often think of the

48、days we worked together in the countryside.比较比较We believed the reason he told us. We believed the reason he was absent yesterday.比较比较This is the factory he works. This is the factory he told us.比较比较注意：注意： 并非先行词是表示时间、并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用地点和原因的词时都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语从句中不作状语，

49、而是作主语或宾语，就必须用或宾语，就必须用which或或that。 This is the park I like best.This is the park I often meet him.Sept. 1 is the day Ill never forget.Sept. 1 is the day I first came to No. 1 Middle school.Compare the following sentences:Compare the following sentences:This is the reason he gave me.This is the reason

50、 he missed the train.Compare the following sentences:Compare the following sentences:This is the village _I was born.This is the village _I like to paint in my picture.wherewhichI remember the time _I saw the film Titanic.I will never forget the two hours _I spent in the cinema.whenthat1. After livi