2021年12月英语四级真题试卷第3套（含答案解析）.doc

1、大学英语四级考试2021年12月真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose you have just participated in a school project of collecting used books on campus. You arenow to write a report about the project, which may include its aim, organizers, participants and activities. Youwill have 30 minutes to wri

2、te the report. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此， 本套试卷不再提供听力部分。Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.

3、 You are required to select one word for each blank froma list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identied by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 wit

4、h a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The sheets are damp with sweat. Youre cold, but your heart is racing as if a killer just chased you down adark street. It was just a nightmare, you tell yourself; theres nothing to be afraid of. But youre

5、 still lledwith 26 .Given how unsettling and haunting nightmares can be, is there a way for dreamers to 27 , or even turno, these bad dreams as they happen?Research is 28 , but some studies suggest that people who can master lucid dreamingthat is, the abilityto be 29 that a nightmare is happening an

6、d possibly even control it without waking upmay hold the 30 .Nightmares are part of the human experience, especially for kids. Doctors 31 dont consider occasionalnightmares a problem. They can just be symptoms of a sleep disorder that can 32 from an unpleasantexperience, stress, or certain drugs.To

7、treat the disorder, there are a number of medicines and therapies that are backed by 33 research,according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, which analyzed the available research on the treatmentof nightmare disorder in a recent 34 published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.However

8、, nightmares are complicated, and researchers are still struggling to understand them, said Dr. RachelSalas, an expert on sleep disorders and an associate professor at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. What we doknow is that people 35 to have dierent kinds of nightmares at dierent points during t

9、he sleep cycle.A) amount I) mechanicalB) answer J) resultC) avoid K) reviewD) aware L) rigorousE) depart M) tendF) drastically N) timidityG) fear O) typicallyH) limitedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statementcontains inf

10、ormation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer thequestions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why it matters that teens are reading les

11、sA) Most of us spend much more time with digital media than we did a decade ago. But todays teens have grownup with smartphones. Compared with teens a couple of decades ago, the way they interact with traditionalmedia like books and movies is fundamentally dierent.B) Analysis of surveys of over one

12、million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift inhow teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens. Digital devicesare changing other behaviors, too. More and more, young people choose spending time on their electronicdevices

13、 over engaging in other activities, regardless of the type. Indeed, by 2016, the average Americanhigh school senior said they spent six hours a day writing text messages, on social media, and online duringtheir free time. And that covers just three activities, and if other digital media activities w

14、ere included, thatestimate would no doubt rise.C) Teens did not always spend that much time with digital media. Online time has doubled since 2006, andsocial media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the same period. By 2016, nearly nineout of ten young women in the 12th grade s

15、aid they visited social media sites every day. Meanwhile, timespent playing video games rose from under an hour a day to an hour and a half on average. One out of tenAmerican 8th grade students in 2016 spent 40 hours a week or more playing video games. Let me emphasizethat this is equal to the time

16、most adults spend per week at work.D) If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices, does that mean they have to give up some otheractivities? Maybe not. Over the years, many scholars have insisted that time online does not necessarily takeaway time spent engaging with traditional medi

17、a or on other activities. Some people, they argue, are justmore interested in certain kinds of media and entertainment. Thus, using more of one type of media does notnecessarily mean less of the other.E) That may be true, but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a whole generat

18、ion of peoplewhen time spent on digital media grows. Large surveys conducted over the course of many years tells usthat American youth are not going to the cinema nearly as often as they did in the past. While 70 percentof 8th and 10th grade students used to go to the movies once a month or more, no

19、w only about half do this.More and more, watching a movie is something teens choose to do on their electronic devices. Why is thisa problem? One reason is that going to the cinema is generally a social activity. Now, watching movies issomething that most teens do alone. This fits a larger pattern. I

20、n another analysis, researchers found thattodays teens go out with their friends much less often than previous generations did.F) But the trends related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teens spend their time.Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading. In 1980,

21、 about 60 percent of senior high schoolstudents said they read a book, newspaper or magazine every day that was not assigned for school. By 2016,only 16 percent did. This is a huge drop and it is important to note that this was not merely a decline inreading paper books, newspapers or magazines. The

22、 survey allowed for reading materials on a digital device.G) Indeed, the number of senior high school students who said they had not read any books for pleasure in thelast year was one out of three by 2016. That is triple the number from two decades ago. For todays youth,books, newspapers and magazi

23、nes have less and less of a presence in their daily lives. Of course, teens arestill reading. But they are generally reading short texts. Most of them are not reading long articles or booksthat explore deep themes and require critical thinking and reection. Perhaps not accidentally, in 2016 readings

24、cores were the lowest they have ever been since 1972.H) This might present problems for young people later on. When high school students go on to college, theirpast and current reading habits will inuence their academic performance. Imagine going from reading textsas short as one or two sentences to

25、 trying to read entire books written in complex language and containingsophisticated ideas. Reading and comprehending longer books and chapters takes practice, and Americanteens are no longer getting that practice.I) So how can this problem be solved? Should parents and teachers take away teens smar

26、tphones and replacethem with paper books? Probably not. Research has shown that smartphones are currently American teensmain form of social communication. This means that, without a smartphone, teens are likely to feel isolatedfrom their peers. However, that does not mean teens need to use electroni

27、c devices as often as they do now.Data connecting excessive digital media time to mental health issues suggests a limit of two hours a dayof free time spent with screens, a restriction that will also allow time for other activitieslike going to themovies with friends or reading longer, more complica

28、ted texts.J) The latter is especially important. I would argue that of all the changes brought about by the widespreaduse of digital devices, the huge decline in reading is likely to have the biggest negative impact on todaysteens because reading books and longer articles is one of the best ways to

29、learn critical thinking. It helpspeople to understand complex issues and to separate fact from ction. Thus, deep reading is crucial forbeing a good citizen, a successful college student and a productive employee. If serious reading dies, a lotwill go with it.36. Many years surveys reveal that young

30、people in America are going to the cinema much less often than theyused to.37. Survey analysis shows American teens now spend their leisure time on digital devices rather than readingprinted books.38. The number of senior high schoolers not reading books for pleasure in a year increased three times

31、over 20years.39. Many scholars claim that spending time on electronic devices doesnt necessarily mean a decrease of time forother activities.40. Most people spend much more time interacting with digital media than they did ten years ago.41. The author claims that it will be a great loss if we no lon

32、ger read books and longer articles.42. Over a decade or so, American teens social media use shifted from an occasional activity to a routine one.43. A more disturbing trend in America today is that teens are spending far less time reading than around fourdecades ago.44. Some ve years ago, high schoo

33、l seniors in America generally spent more than six hours a day on electronicdevices.45. It was found that American youngsters today dont socialize nearly as much as the earlier generations.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfini

34、shedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the bestchoice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Have you ever wondered how

35、acceptable it is to hug or touch someone? While it may sound safe to avoidall physical contact so as not to oend anyone, the lack of touching might imply cold attitudes or indierence ininterpersonal relationships.So, what should we do? The simple answer is to thoroughly learn unique cultural norms f

36、or physical contact.In nonverbal communication terminology (术语)，physical contact and the study of touching are generallyreferred to as haptics.Haptics in communication often suggest the level of intimacy. They are usually classied into two groups:high-contact and low-contact.Asia and quite surprisin

37、gly the United States, Canada and Britain belong to low-contact cultures. Peoplefrom the rest of the world, such as Latin America, are considered to be in high-contact cultures, where theytend to expect touching in social interactions and feel more comfortable with physical closeness. Despite thecla

38、ssication, there are more complex factors such as relational closeness, gender, age, and context that can aecthow someone views physical contact.One common French custom of greetings is cheek-kissing, but it is mostly restricted to friends, closeacquaintances and family members. While cheek-kissing

39、for Latin Americans is also a universal greeting form,it does not require such a high degree of relational closeness. However, gender matters more for them becausecheek-kissing often only happens between women or a man and a woman but not two men.In contrast, in certain Arabian, African, and Asian c

40、ountries, men can publicly hold hands or showphysical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship while these behaviors may suggest a romanticrelationship in other parts of the world. Although mens touching is more normal in these cultures, physicalcontact between persons of opposite sexes who a

41、re not family members is negatively perceived in Arabiancountries.These factors could definitely affect the degree to which someone is comfortable with tactile (触觉的)communication and physical intimacy. Therefore, if you are someone who loves to show physical aection, youshould not be afraid to show

42、it or drastically change your behaviorsjust ask for consent beforehand!46. What does the author say in the rst paragraph about physical contact?A) Its role in interpersonal relationships is getting increasingly important.B) It is becoming more acceptable to many who used to think it oensive.C) Its a

43、bsence might suggest a lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships.D) It might prompt dierent responses from people of dierent social backgrounds.47. What does physical contact in communication suggest?A) What social class people belong to. C) What family background people come from.B) How civiliz

44、ed the communicators are. D) How close the communicators relationships are.48. What do we learn about people in high-contact cultures?A) They are sensitive to the way people express their emotions.B) They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.C) They attach great importance to clos

45、e ties among people.D) They tend to be more open in interpersonal relationships.49. What do we learn about social customs in Arabian countries?A) Men can show friendship in public through physical aection.B) Non-traditional romantic relationships are simply unacceptable.C) Physical contact between u

46、nfamiliar people is negatively perceived.D) People of dierent ages and genders show aection in dierent ways.50. What does the author tell us to do concerning tactile communication?A) Lay emphasis on nonverbal communication. C) Pay attention to the dierences between genders.B) Learn to use appropriat

47、e body language rst. D) Take other peoples preference into consideration.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.From climate change to the ongoing pandemic (大流行病) and beyond, the issues facing todays world areincreasingly complex and dynamic. Yet solving problems like these

48、 requires new approaches that extend beyondtraditional ways of thinking. A study led by Yale Professor of Psychology, Paul OKeefe, found that having agrowth mindset (思维倾向) of interest may spark this type of innovation.Professor OKeefe established in earlier studies that people hold dierent beliefs about the nature of interest.Those with a growth mindset of interest tend to believe that interests can be developed and cultivated, whilethose with a xed mindset of interest tend to believe that inter