2022届吉林省长春市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（B）英语试题(1)（含答案）.rar

2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（B）英语英语注意事项: 1. 本试题卷共 15 页, 满分 150 分, 考试时间 120 分钟。2. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成, 答在本试题卷上无效。4. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。5. 考试结束后, 将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分 30 分）做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 7. 5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15. 答案是 C。1. Where is the woman going?A. A pet store. B. A dentists. C. A supermarket. 2. What is the man going to do?A. Make a cake. B. Set the table. C. Prepare dishes. 3. What does the man mean?A. He will dine out. B. He will celeriac tonight. C. He will prepare for the final. 4. Why does the man come to the woman?A. To get his hair done. B. To check the computer. C. To change for a bigger shirt. 5. Where is the woman?A. At home. B. At school. C. At a gas station. 第二节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料, 回答第 6, 7 题。6. What is the weather like today?A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 7. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Ring up her friends. B. Bring the grill for a barbecue. C. Prepare equipment for climbing. 听第 7 段材料, 回答第 8, 9 题。8. Why is the new pool always empty?A. Its not cheap. B. Its water is not clean. C. Its far away. 9. What kind of sports will the speakers do?A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Playing tennis. 听第 8 段材料, 回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What was the woman like in the picture?A. She was in a red coat. B. She wore blue trousers. C. She had golden hair. 11. Where is the womans aunt from?A. Japan. B. Korea. C. England. 12. What is the womans younger brother?A. An artist. B. A teacher. C. A travel writer. 听第 9 段材料, 回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What does the woman think of jewelry?A. Its a waste of money. B. Its popular with girls. C. Its expensive. 14. What will the man probably buy?A. A purse. B. A teddy bear. C. A neck pillow. 15. What will the speakers do next?A. Go to a store. B. Meet a good friend. C. Drive to Lake Geneva. 16. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends. B. A couple. C. Mother and son. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。17. What is Seden?A. A hotel. B. A village. C. A waterfall. 18. What did the speaker first visit?A. A local market. B. A small museum. C. A vegetable base. 19. What did the speaker do on the second morning?A. He visited a waterfall. B. He had a guided tour. C. He bought some local produce. 20. How did the speaker get to the market?A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题; 每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AThe best TED Talks on gratitude （感激）（感激）David Steindl-Rast: Want to be happy? Be gratefulThis 15-minute talk, from monk and interfaith scholar David Steindl-Rast, discusses gratitude and specifically its relationship to happiness. In the talk, Steindl-Rast argues that: “it is not happiness that makes us grateful” but “gracefulness that makes us happy”: Louie Schwartzberg: Nature. Beauty. Gratitude. This 10-minute talk comes from photographer Louie Schwartzberg, with the aid from the above-mentioned Steindl-Rast. In the talk, Schwartzberg presents some of his photographs of nature and explains how they can lead to feelings of gratitude with a story about life from a childs perspective （视角） as well as life from an elderly mans perspective. Brian Doyle: 365 Days of Thank YouThis 8-minute talk comes from Brian Doyle, who discusses how a near-death experience led him to start thinking about the role of gratitude in his life. Specifically, Doyle made a commitment to sincerely thank one person in his life every single day for a full year. This short talk is not just an inspiring story but might cause the viewers to consider how they can be grateful in their daily lives. Hailey Bartholomew: 365 Grateful ProjectThis 12-minute talk from Hailey Bartholomew is, like Doyles, centered on a daily, year-long project. Unlike Doyles, however, Bartholomews focuses on photography and using photography to find gratitude in her life every day. Photographers who enjoyed Schwartzbergs TED Talk should give this one a watch, as should anyone who wants to go through a similar project to find the gratitude in their own lives. 21. What makes people happy according to David Steindl-Rast?A. Beauty. B. Gratitude. C. Nature. D. Faith. 22. What can we know about Brian Doyles talk?A. It shows many pictures. B. Its based on a year-long project. C. Its the shortest of all the talks. D. It tells about a childs experience. 23. In which column of a website can you read the passage?A. Education. B. Opinion. C. History. D. Lifestyle. BLong recognized as a Transformational figure, Ornette Coleman remains one of the most mysterious figures in American music, After starting out as a R&B saxophonist in the 1940s, Coleman chaired the free jazz revolution on such albums as The Shape of Jazz to Come, Free Jazz and Ornette!A mere decade after the revolution replaced the danceable beat of swing, Coleman took the daring step of completely abandoning conventional harmonies. The result was an atonal （无调的） mixture of sound that expected contemporary advances in Western art music while looking back to the earliest forms of New Orleans-style collective improvisation （即兴演奏）. Colemans style sharply divided generations of jazz musicians and enthusiasts. For famous commenter Albert Murray, “This music was called free jazz but what is freer than jazz? You cant enjoy chaos. Instead, 2007 Special Citation winner John Coltrane was an early fan , often sitting in with Coleman before specially working in the field after Ascension. Throughout the 1970s, Colemans influence slowly sank into the underground rock scene, while contemporaries like Archic Shepp employed the new form as a symbol for political expression and social justice. Even though a series of awards would eventually end in the 2007 Pulitzer, Coleman never had a wonderful moment similar to Coltranes My Favorite Things or Miles Daviss Bitches Brew. He was in a league of his own to the end. Chronology, Variants on a Theme of Thelonious Monk. Skies of America, Times Square, Turnaround, the five tracks offer an introduction to Colemans vast output while representing interesting differences with such forces as eclectic bassist Charlie Haden, fellow Prize winner Gunther Schuller and New Yorks famous 1970s music scene. In this context, we can see Coleman for who he really was: a generously cooperative （合作的） force who helped to lead the course of American music for six decades. 24. Which is Colemans production during “free jazz revolution?A. Times Square. B. Shies of America. C. My Favorite Things. D. The Shape of Jazz to Come. 25. Whats John Coltranes attitude towards Colemans style?A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective. 26. Who won the same Prize as Coleman?A. Gunther Schuller. B. Charlie Haden. C. Miles Davis. D. John Coltrane. 27. What can we know about Coleman?A. He is a famous R&B saxophonist. B. He changed the danceable beat of swing. C. He has a similar music style to Coltranes. D. He had a long-term influence on American music. CLandslides of ash, gas and rock that flow out downhill during volcanic eruptions may be even more dangerous than scientists had realized. Laboratory and field measurements show pulses of high pressure form within these slides, known as pyroclastic （火山碎屑的）flows. Those pressures can be far stronger, and more destructive, than disaster evaluations typically assume. “Its not a small difference, ” says Cert Lube, a volcanologist at Massey University in Palmerston North, New Zealand. Conventional disaster evaluations might suggest a certain flow will only burst windows, but he says, “When actually, the pressures are so strong, they knock down the walls of the building. ” Pyroclastic flows are the deadliest volcanic disaster, in part because of the pressures they cause. Due to their violent nature, researchers often have to evaluate average pressures in the flows using computer simulations （模拟） based on measurements of geologic deposits left by past flows. At Massey University in Palmerston North, New Zealand, researchers freed mixtures of hot rock, ash and gas down a channel to copy volcanic landslides known as pyroclastic flows. These pyroclastic flows have an inner rhythm （节奏）that makes them especially destructive. To directly study the inner workings of these forces of nature, Lube and colleagues reproduced smaller versions of the flows in experiments, measuring the destructive power. That let the team calculable the pressures inside the flows. The researchers also analyzed the first measurements of pressures in natural flows, collected in 2019, when pyroclastic flows burst from the Whakaari volcano and swallowed a set of sensors. To the researchers surprise, pressures in the flows shook rhythmically. These pressure pulses would successively damage barriers like blows from an electric drill, Lube says. The pulses sometimes smashed more than three times as hard as the average pressure evaluates typically suggested by conventional simulations. 28. Why do researchers use computers to simulate pyroclastic flows?A. To find out their inner rhythm. B. To evaluate their violent nature. C. To figure out their average pressures. D. To copy the scene of volcanic landslides. 29. What does the fourth paragraph focus on?A. How to prepare simulation experiment. B. How to carry out the simulation experiment. C. Why to conduct the simulation experiment. D. Why to measure the inner rhythm of pyroclastic flows. 30. What docs the underlined word “smashed in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Crashed. B. Bombed. C. Conflicted. D. Increased. 31. Whats the most suitable title for the text?A. A Well-known LandslideB. The Deadliest Volcanic DisasterC. More Destructive Pyroclastic FlowsD. A Pyroclastic Flows Simulation ExperimentDETH Zurich researchers led by robotics professor Marco Hutter have developed a new control approach that enables a legged robot, called ANYmal, to move quickly and steadily over difficult landform. Thanks to machine learning, the robot can combine its visual perception （感知） of the environment with its sense of touch for the first time. Steep sections on slippery ground, high steps, stone and forest trails full of roots: the path up the 1098-metre-high Mount Etzel at the southern end of Lake Zurich is filled with masses of barriers. But ANYmal, the legged robot from the Robotic Systems Lab at ETH Zurich, overcomes the 120 vertical metres effortlessly in a 31-minute hike. Thats 4 minutes faster than the evaluated duration for human hikers and with no falls or missteps. This is made possible by a new control technology, which researchers at ETH Zurich led by Marco Hutter recently presented in the journal Science Robotics. “The robot has learned to combine visual perception of its environment with its sense of touch based on direct leg contact （接触）. This allows it to cope with rough landform faster, more efficiently and, above all, more steadily, Hutter says. Before the robot could put its abilities to the test in the real world, Marco Hutter exposed the system to masses of barriers and sources of error in a virtual training camp. This let the network learn the perfect way for the robot to overcome barriers, as well as when it can rely on environmental data and when it would do better to ignore that data. “With this training, the robot is able to master the most difficult natural landform without having seen it before, ” says ETH Zurich Professor Hutter. In the future, ANYmal can be used anywhere that is too dangerous for humans or too impassable for other robots. Whether after an earthquake, after a nuclear disaster, or during a forest fire, robots like ANYmal can be used primarily wherever it is too dangerous for humans and where other robots cannot cope with the difficult landform. 32. How was ANYmals 120-vertical-metre hike in the end?A. Tough. B. Successful. C. Challenging. D. Attractive. 33. How is the third paragraph developed?A. By analyzing reasons. B. By making comparisons. C. By listing data. D. By giving examples. 34. What can be inferred about ANYmal?A. It had no trouble in a long hike. B. It has been applied to test landform. C. It needed tests before being put into use. D. It overcame barriers based on indirect leg contact. 35. What does the author convey in the last paragraph?A. Disasters severity. B. Humans limitation. C. ANYmals future appearance. D. ANYmals development potential. 第二节 （共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadays, almost every person wishes to adapt to a healthy lifestyle. _36_ Here are the lop ways to build, stick to and maintain healthy practices in your daily life. Set your mind right. Most people end up making impulsive （冲动的） decisions and actions to improve their lifestyles. However, a long-term lifestyle plan requires repeated thinking, research, and well-thought decisions. _37_Value small steps. Instead of setting huge tasks to achieve your goals, you must take it to small steps at a time. _38_ If your goal is to get fit and healthy, you can start with a 10-minute run five days a week. Further, try increasing the intensity （强度） of your steps to make the journey both enjoyable as well as smooth. Track your progress. Do you end up working all day long without analyzing the tasks that you could accomplish? _ 39_You can make the most of the tracking techniques available for this purpose. Whether its a journaling method or using a tracker App to monitor your progress, any technique would work. Make it a habit to analyze your progress every week and work on the shortcomings in the next: week. _40_If you cannot stick to the goals alone, then find a partner. Working with a partner can not only provide you with a little push, but can be quite fun and rewarding at the same time. Also it motivates you when you dont feel like working. You can join the gym or work on the homework with your partner. A. Stick to the goals alone. B. Find a partner to work with. C. Tracking your progress is as vital as taking action. D. The progress you make every day can make a difference. E. You can work on small goals to make a significant difference. F. Thus sit back and think about the healthy practices you should do. G. But due to heavy pressure, not many can keep the beneficial practices. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节, 满分 45 分）第一节 （共 20 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 30 分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Rosie Jon was a painter who was born without arms. She thought creatively was a world where there was no limit. So, when her son was headed to _41_, she turned to art to ease her nerves. _42 _had always been one of Rosies favorite colors because it _43_her of the sky and the sea, places where there were no _44_. When Rosie saw these preschool kids _45_