Unit 1 Grammar 被动语态复习 ppt课件 -（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册 .pptx

1、chairwomangrammeflourvenuesalesmanalien n. 女主席；女董事长；女委女主席；女董事长；女委员长员长n. 克克（重量单位）（重量单位）n.面粉；面粉；（谷物磨成的）（谷物磨成的）粉粉n. 活动场地活动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）（如音乐厅、会场等）n. 售货员；推销员售货员；推销员n. 外星人外星人（生物）（生物）；外国人；外国人adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国陌生的；外星的；外国的的Words and expressionsReview useful structureUnit 1 Learning About LanguageSomebody cleans

2、this room everyday.This room is cleaned everyday.Somebody cleaned this room yesterday.This room was cleaned yesterday.CompareCompare在英语中，语态分为两种：在英语中，语态分为两种：主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。主动语态和被动语态都是指动词的形式而言。主动语态和被动语态都是指动词的形式而言。在在主动语态主动语态中强调的是执行动作的人或物，即中强调的是执行动作的人或物，即主主语是动作的执行者语是动作的执行者；而在；而在被动语态被动语态中强调的是接中强调的是接受

3、动作的人或物，即受动作的人或物，即主语是动作的承受者主语是动作的承受者。Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.1. It was going to be tested out by Lorrys wife, Claire.2. . , but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to

4、 be harmed.3. Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing.4. Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, .5. As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, .6. The saleswoman there was rude to her, so she rang Tony

5、and told him she was being treated badly.7. How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. 8. Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed, would be ready.Focus on 基本用法基本用法1. 了解被动语态结构了解被动语态结构;2. 能够正确理解并运用被动语态。能够正确理解并运用被动语态。3. 使用被动语态的注意事项。使用被动语态的注意事项。4. 主动形式表被动意义的情况。主动形式表被

6、动意义的情况。指出句中的主谓宾语。指出句中的主谓宾语。We kept food in the fridge.We must close the windows and the door.S V.O.SV.O. Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.The windows and the door must be closed.使用被动语态的情况：使用被动语态的情况：Sugar cane is grown in the south.The song The East is Red was written by a poor peasant.1. 不知道或没必要指

7、出动作的执行者。不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2. 强调动作的承受者。强调动作的承受者。The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.Margaret was given some bad advice about selecting courses.3. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。4. 出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。各个时态各个时态的被动语态的被动语态构成构成：各个时态各个时态的被动语态的被动语态构成构成：am/

8、is/are+ V-edam/is/are+being+V-edwas/were+ V-edwas/were+being+V-edhave/has+been+V-edhad+been+V-edshall/will+be+V-edbe going to+be+V-edmust be+V-edshould have+been+V-edThis room belongs to me.When will the sports meeting take place?1. 不及物动词不及物动词, 不及物动词短语或系动词不及物动词短语或系动词没有被没有被动语态动语态。常见的有：。常见的有：appear, d

9、isappear, break out, come true, run out, date back, happen, go on, take place, belong to,等。等。They made him go there alone.He was made (go) there alone.2. make, see, hear, watch, notice等感官动词或使等感官动词或使役动词：在主动语态里，作宾补的动词不定式役动词：在主动语态里，作宾补的动词不定式不带不带to，但变为被动语态时，但变为被动语态时，to要还原要还原。to goWe gave him the letter.

10、The letter was given to him.He was given the letter. 3. 带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，时，用用for或者或者to引出表示人的间接宾语。引出表示人的间接宾语。She often looks after the old. The old are often looked after by her. 4. 动词短语动词短语(动词动词+介介/副副)在主谓结构中不可分割，在主谓结构中不可分割，在被动句中，不可去掉后面的介词或者副词。在被动句中，不可去掉后面的介词或者副词。You should p

11、rotect your skin to avoid getting (sunburn) when you go out in the hot sun. 5. get + done, 也可以表示被动含义。也可以表示被动含义。sunburnt It is said that It is reported that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that 6. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。 The long novel was writ

12、ten by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s. The long novel is well written, isnt it? The glass was broken by his little son yesterday. Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it?被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构系表结构系表结构6. 注意区别注意区别被动语态被动语态与与系表结构系表结构：被动语态被动语态表示表示动作动作，句子句子主语是该动作的承受者主语是该动作的承受者，V-ed表示表示动作动作；而；而系表系表结构结构表示表示状态状态，

13、说明，说明主语的特点或所处的状态主语的特点或所处的状态。 The door doesnt shut. This type of car sells well in China.(1)当当open, close, shut, lock, move, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等用等用作不及物动词且表示主语某种作不及物动词且表示主语某种属性属性时；时；主动形式表被动意义的情况主动形式表被动意义的情况 Your advice sounds practical. The food tastes del

14、icious.(2)连系动词连系动词(look, sound, smell, feel, taste, remain等等)后接表语时；后接表语时；主动形式表被动意义的情况主动形式表被动意义的情况 The house needs cleaning.(3)当当want, need, require等少数表示等少数表示“需要需要”的动词的动词后跟后跟V-ing时；时；The house needs to be cleaned. 主动形式表被动意义的情况主动形式表被动意义的情况Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs.1. My sis

15、ter _ (offer) a good chance to go abroad for further education.2. A book _ (read) more than once if you want to understand it better.3. Every possible means _ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.4. - George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ? - No

16、. I _ (invite). Did they have a big wedding?was offeredmust be readhas been usedhadnt been invited1 What is done cannot _. (undo)2 Janet _ chairwoman of the student union last month. (elect)3 Two hundred grammes of flour should _ to the cake mix. (add)4 A 3,000-seat venue _ for the circus performanc

17、e in November. (build)5 Working efficiency _ since this new software was adopted. (improve)6 Only one piece of carry-on luggage _ for each economy class passenger. (allow)7 It is a great honour for me to _ to address this international AI conference. (invite)8 When I entered the room, I found that t

18、he salesmans salary _ at the meeting. (discuss)9 With exams being adapted into Braille, a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination. He is expected to _ to a top university. (admit)Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in b

19、rackets. Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese.P5 21 What is done cannot _. (undo)2 Janet _ chairwoman of the student union last month. (elect)3 Two hundred grammes of flour should _ to the cake mix. (add)4 A 3,000-seat venue _ for the circus performance in November. (build)5 Working ef

20、ficiency _ since this new software was adopted. (improve)be undonewas electedbe addedwill be builthas been improvedCheck your answers6 Only one piece of carry-on luggage _ _ for each economy class passenger. (allow)7 It is a great honour for me to _ to address this international AI conference. (invi

21、te)8 When I entered the room, I found that the salesmans salary _ at the meeting. (discuss)9 With exams being adapted into Braille, a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination. He is expected to _ to a top university. (admit)is allowedbe invite

22、dwas being discussed be admittedScience fiction _ by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and _. The Three-Body Problem, _ by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is one of those astonishing predictions about the future. The work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazi

23、ne in 2006 and printed as a three-volume book in 2008. When the first volume _ into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu, it attracted attention around the world, becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel. The book _ many themes such as space exploration, alien contact,

24、AI, and the future of humans. The Three Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people, Ye Wenjie and Wang Miao. Ye _ to join a secret project in a remote area of China, which _ to contact alien life forms. In the other story, set 20 years later, Wang Miao _ in a popular online game ca

25、lled Three Body, in which people live on an unknown planet with three suns. But Wang discovers it is more than a game it uncovers a great danger threatening human existence. How are these two peoples stories _? And how will their behaviour change Earths future and the civilizations of other planets?

26、 Answers to all these questions are waiting to _ when you go on reading.explore translate discover regard represent set up recruit write get caught up connectRead the introduction to a science fiction novel and complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.P5 3Science fiction

27、_ by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and _. The Three-Body Problem, _ by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is one of those astonishing predictions about the future. The work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in 2006 and printed as a three-volume book in

28、 2008. When the first volume _ into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu, it attracted attention around the world, becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel. The book _ many themes such as space exploration, alien contact, AI, and the future of humans. Check your answers

29、writtenwas translatedrepresentedis regardeddiscoveredThe Three Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people, Ye Wenjie and Wang Miao. Ye _ to join a secret project in a remote area of China, which _ to contact alien life forms. In the other story, set 20 years later, Wang Miao _ in a

30、 popular online game called Three Body, in which people live on an unknown planet with three suns. But Wang discovers it is more than a game it uncovers a great danger threatening human existence. How are these two peoples stories _? And how will their behaviour change Earths future and the civiliza

31、tions of other planets? Answers to all these questions are waiting to _ when you go on reading.was recruitedis connectedset upget caught upbe explored2. 主动语态改为被动语态的三个步骤：主动语态改为被动语态的三个步骤：a. 把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语；把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语； b. 把主动句的谓语变成把主动句的谓语变成be+V-ed，时态，时态与原句保持一致；与原句保持一致； c. 把主动句的主语变成由把主动句的主语变成由by引导的

32、的宾引导的的宾格形式，放在被动句的谓语之后，格形式，放在被动句的谓语之后，by短语可以省略。短语可以省略。1. 复习被动语态的各种形式。复习被动语态的各种形式。1. And, as more children were born, more food _ (need). （2020年浙江）年浙江）2. The parts of a museum open to the public _ (call) galleries or rooms. （2020年山东）年山东） 3. Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “becaus

33、e it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _ (construct)”. （2020年新课标卷年新课标卷）4. On the last day of our week-long stay, we _ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. （2019年新课标年新课标）was neededare calledis constructedwere invi

34、tedFill in the blanks with the right form of the words given.1. I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday.2. English _ (find) very useful.3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _ (water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are being watered5. The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The new way _ already _ (build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting _ (hold) the next month.9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held is grown