（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit4 Period Three Grammar—Review of phrases ppt课件.pptx

1、SharingUnit 4Period ThreeGrammarReview of phrases达标检测 当堂检测 基础达标演练语法导学 感悟规律 重点难点剖析内容索引内容索引感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题1.Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and its always nice to get mail!2.The mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!3.Tombes father，Mukap，a

2、man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead，led us to his house.4.He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato)，ripe corn，and greens.语法感知语 法 导 学感悟规律 重点难点剖析5.Later，I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.6.My muscles were aching and my knees s

3、haking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.1.以上句子中，句以上句子中，句1中中的的 和和句句3中中的的 ， 和和句句4中中的的 为为名词短语，名词短语，作作 语语。2.句句2中中的的 和和句句5中中的的 ， 和和句句6中中的的 ， 为为介词短语，介词短语，作作 语语。3.句句3中中的的 为为动词短语，动词短语，作作 语语。4.句句5中中的的 为为副词短语，副词短语，作作 语语。5.句句1中中的的 为为形容词短语，形容词短语，作作 语语。my favourite sweetsa strong jawa wrink

4、led foreheadripe corn宾宾out of the test tubeon the grillover the firedown the mountaintowards homeled us toupside downdying to have状状谓谓状状表表英语英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词式角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类短语、介词短

5、语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似，比如，名词短语与名词功能相似，在句中主要充当主语、宾语；介词似，比如，名词短语与名词功能相似，在句中主要充当主语、宾语；介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如：短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如：He failed to get the first prize in the match.在这个句子中在这个句子中the first prize是名词短语，是名词短语，in the match是介词短语是介词短语。语法精析短语动词短语动词(phrasal verbs)是一种固定的词组，通常以动词为中心，由动是一种固定的词组，通常以动词为中心，由

6、动词加副词或介词构成。英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来判定其释义，词加副词或介词构成。英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来判定其释义，很多时候应根据具体语境判断它们的意义。有的短语动词相当于及物动词，很多时候应根据具体语境判断它们的意义。有的短语动词相当于及物动词，有的则相当于不及物动词有的则相当于不及物动词。1.短语动词的构成短语动词的构成(1)动词副词动词副词clear away清除掉清除掉put away收起收起die away消失消失call back回电话回电话look back回顾回顾 walk back走回走回break down出故障出故障calm down平静下来平静下来

7、get down咽下咽下come up上来上来blow up爆炸爆炸turn up出现出现show off炫耀炫耀give off散发散发take off脱下脱下break out发生发生blow out吹灭吹灭run out 用完用完Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their new life journey.传统上，大学生在开始他们新的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。传统上，大学生在开始他们新的人生旅途之前会

8、举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。 Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。名师点津名师点津“动词副词动词副词”搭配构成的短语，其宾语若为代词，应放在动搭配构成的短语，其宾语若为代词，应放在动词与副词中间。如词与副词中间。如put it on，think it over。(2)动词介词动词介词bring about引起引起look about 环顾四周环顾四周seek for寻找寻找burst in

9、to 闯入闯入turn into使变成使变成look into调查调查see to处理处理devote to贡献给贡献给deal with处理处理glance at匆匆一瞥匆匆一瞥work at从事，致力于从事，致力于aim at向向瞄准瞄准differ from与与不不同同result from由于由于insist on坚持坚持rely on依靠依靠bring in引进引进hope for希望希望得到得到combine with联合联合lead to导致，通向导致，通向set about着手着手Im so glad youve come here to see to this matter

10、in person.我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。You look well.The air and the seafood in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。(3)动词副词介词动词副词介词add up to总计总计keep away from不靠近不靠近look down on轻视轻视keep up with赶上赶上make up for弥补弥补get on with相处相处get close to接近接近get out of逃避，避

11、免逃避，避免do away with废除废除do well in在在干得好干得好put up with忍受忍受catch up with赶上赶上look up to仰望，仰望，尊敬尊敬run out of用完用完look forward to期望期望go on with继续继续get down to认真开始认真开始break away from脱离，放弃脱离，放弃He will have to find some other work，for he cant put up with this loud noise any more.他必须找其他工作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪音他必须找其他工

12、作，因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪音。A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means.一个好的演讲者应该让听众明白他所表达的意思一个好的演讲者应该让听众明白他所表达的意思。(4)动词名词介词动词名词介词catch sight of看见，瞥见看见，瞥见make use of利用利用pay attention to注意注意make sense of理解理解take notice of注意到注意到take the place of代替代替take part in参加参加take prid

13、e in为为自豪自豪take advantage of利用利用make room for为为腾出空间腾出空间keep up with与与保持联系保持联系James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television.为给电视机腾出空间，詹姆斯把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。为给电视机腾出空间，詹姆斯把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。2.介词与其他词类的常见搭配介词与其他词类的常见搭配(1)形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词与介词的固定搭配形容词形容词atangry，mad，good，bad，clever，surpris

14、ed，excited，disappointed等等形容词形容词ofafraid，frightened，ashamed，aware，convinced，short，sick，tired，sure，certain，full，fond，proud，worthy等等形容词形容词withangry，connected，content，familiar，generous，gentle，patient，pleased，popular，satisfied，strict等等形容词形容词inweak，different，rich，interested，successful，absorbed，disappointe

15、d，experienced，confident等等形容词形容词togood，polite，kind，cruel，rude，close，similar，familiar等等形容词形容词forsorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry，responsible等等形容词形容词aboutsorry，anxious，careless，certain，curious，enthusiastic，particular，optimistic等等(2)名词与介词的固定搭配名词与介词的固定搭配名词名词tokey，answer，visit，apology，introduct

16、ion，attitude，monument，devotion等等名词名词ininterest，expert等等名词名词oncongratulations，effect等等(3)动词与介词的固定搭配动词与介词的固定搭配动词动词aboutspeak，talk，think，worry等等动词动词foranswer，call，apply，beg，care，charge，hunt，hope，wish，long，search，seek等等动词动词ataim，call，glare，glance，knock，laugh，point，stare等等动词动词fromdate，differ，hear，keep，st

17、op，prevent，learn，protect，result，separate，suffer等等动词动词ofapprove，complain，consist，die，dream，think等等动词动词oncall，carry，depend，feed，insist，pass，try，rely等等动词动词inbreak，call，cut，drop，fill，get，hand，join，persist，result，succeed等等动词动词intoburst，change，divide等等动词动词toagree，attend，belong，compare，devote，lead，object，p

18、oint，refer，reply等等3.短语动词使用时须注意的几点短语动词使用时须注意的几点(1)在短语动词中，副词可以放在动词宾语前或后。但是如果宾语是代词，则在短语动词中，副词可以放在动词宾语前或后。但是如果宾语是代词，则应放在动词和副词之间。应放在动词和副词之间。The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony.这对年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。这对年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。He has put aside a little money for

19、 a rainy day.他存了一点钱以备不时之需。他存了一点钱以备不时之需。When you do not understand a new word，you can look it up in this dictionary.当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典。This method is very new and you can try it out to solve the hard problem.这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题。(2)在带有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。在带

20、有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。We have brought in a good harvest for three years.我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。Weve just come across an old friend we havent seen for ages.我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。Please keep away from the scene of the accident before the police come.在警察来之前，请远离事故现场。在警察来之前，请远离事故现场。The

21、manager expects everyone to get down to his work after the national holiday.经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作。(3)有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时它们相当于不及物动词。如：有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时它们相当于不及物动词。如：Mr Wangs new car broke down and he had to go to work by bike again.王先生的新汽车坏了，他不得不又骑自行车去上班。王先生的新汽车坏了，他不得不又骑自行车去上班。The crowd b

22、roke up after the football games.足球比赛结束后，人们四处散开足球比赛结束后，人们四处散开。(4)同一动词，后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语动词。如：同一动词，后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语动词。如：break down坏了；出故障坏了；出故障break up拆散；解体；驱散拆散；解体；驱散break in闯入；插话闯入；插话break off忽然停止讲话；断绝忽然停止讲话；断绝break out爆发；逃出爆发；逃出break through冲破；突破；冲破；突破；战胜战胜不同的动词，后面跟上相同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语。如：不同的动词，

23、后面跟上相同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语。如：make up组成；构成；弥补；编造；化妆组成；构成；弥补；编造；化妆show up出席；露面；揭露出席；露面；揭露hold up举起来；阻塞；耽搁；抑制感情举起来；阻塞；耽搁；抑制感情set up创立；建立；树立；资助创立；建立；树立；资助put up提出；举起；建造提出；举起；建造take up拿起；举起；开始拿起；举起；开始(某某)活动活动(5)一些短语动词，具有多种释义，需要根据全句语境对它们作出恰当理解。一些短语动词，具有多种释义，需要根据全句语境对它们作出恰当理解。如：如：Hurry up，children！The plane wil

24、l take off very soon.(起飞起飞)After entering the room，he took off his coat.(脱下脱下)The boss told him that he would take two weeks off in November.(休假休假)The woman broke down when someone told her that her mother was dead.(崩崩溃溃)Interrupted by hackers，the computer system of that company has broken down.(瘫痪瘫

25、痪)Negotiations(谈判谈判) between the boss and workers have broken down.(失败失败)4.短语的句法功能须注意的几点短语的句法功能须注意的几点(1)介词短语作定语时要后置介词短语作定语时要后置The boy under the tree is Tom.树下的那个男孩是汤姆。树下的那个男孩是汤姆。The tallest boy in our class is John.我们班最高的那个男孩是约翰。我们班最高的那个男孩是约翰。(2)单个形容词作定语一般放在所修饰词之前，而形容词短语作定语一般放在单个形容词作定语一般放在所修饰词之前，而形容

26、词短语作定语一般放在所修饰词之后。所修饰词之后。A car worth $ 80,000 is not too dear for him to buy.对他来讲，买一辆价值八万美元的车不算太贵。对他来讲，买一辆价值八万美元的车不算太贵。At three，she was taller than playmates seven or eight years old.她三岁时已高她三岁时已高于一些七八岁的于一些七八岁的玩伴。玩伴。The Smiths need a car garage twice larger than this one.史密斯夫妇需要一个比这个大两倍的车库。史密斯夫妇需要一个比这

27、个大两倍的车库。He has booked the seats farthest from the door on the train for us.他已经为我们预订了火车上离车门最远的座位。他已经为我们预订了火车上离车门最远的座位。5.短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉它后面搭配的介词或副词。短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉它后面搭配的介词或副词。It is said that a new railway station will be set up in my hometown.据说一个新的火车站将在我的家乡建起来。据说一个新的火车站将在我的家乡建起来。The b

28、aby is being taken care of by his grandmother.这个婴儿正由他祖母照顾。这个婴儿正由他祖母照顾。Such a strange story has never been heard of.这样奇怪的事情还从没有听说过。这样奇怪的事情还从没有听说过。返 回.请写出下列画线短语的类型及所充当的成分请写出下列画线短语的类型及所充当的成分达 标 检 测当堂检测 基础达标演练1.He could only understand a word here and there._2.Dont fall for(Dont be attracted by) her bea

29、uty._3.In spite of the difficulties，we went on with our work._4.We need to build a factory twice larger than this one._副词短语作状语副词短语作状语名词短语作宾语名词短语作宾语介词短语作状语介词短语作状语形容词短语作后置定语形容词短语作后置定语5.She carried a basket full of eggs to visit her grandmother._6.New office buildings are going up/are built everywhere.

30、_7.The letter on the desk is for Mr Wu，our department manager._8.He was so hungry that he finished off everything on the table._9.He has been working here as an assistant to chairman for ten years. _10.We found everything in the lab in good order before doing experiment._形容词短语作后置定语形容词短语作后置定语名词短语作主语名

31、词短语作主语介词短语作后置定语介词短语作后置定语动词短语作谓语动词短语作谓语介词短语作状语介词短语作状语介词短语作后置定语介词短语作后置定语.语法填空语法填空(以介词为主以介词为主)My husband and I were paying a visit to my parents 11. Tucson.We went to a fast-food restaurant 12. dinner together.My husband went to the counter to order dishes and I stood 13. my parents.My dad is 90 years

32、old.He can hardly see very well and walks with a stick.I was scanning the restaurant，waiting to sit 14. the first table that was more convenient than others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to come to her.15. a puzzled look 16._my face，I pointed to myself an

33、d said，“Me？”She nodded and said，“Yes，you.”I walked to the table and said，“Bring your family here.inforwithatWithon I can finish eating 17. the counter.My son is 18. a hurry to leave anyway.”My eyes were filled with tears as she wiped down the table and guided my dad to the seat.I always believe that there are naturally kind people 19. this world.This woman has set a good example 20. her son，who is a really lucky guy.atininfor返 回本课结束