（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册单词精讲ppt课件(全册5份打包).rar

Unit 1 单词精讲01appoint vt.&vi.约定;委派; 任命 appointment n.约会; 预约; 委任We appointed a day in June for celebration. Everyone was assembled in the hall at the appointed time. appoint sb (as) sth: Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George. appoint sb to sth: He has been appointed to the committee. appoint sb to do sth:A nurse was appointed to guard her. appointment n.约会; 预约 ; 委任make / keep an appointmentI have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30. She had an appointment to paint her nails.He holds an appointment in the English Department at present.They congratulated him on his appointment as president. 1. She had failed to keep her appointment for third times._2. They congratulated him on his appointment as chairman. _ 3. He has taken up an appointment as Professor of Chemistry. _1. I have an _ (appoint) at the doctors. 2. She has an appointment _ her friend, but she have to change it. 我约好了这周末去做美甲。(appointment, paint)_失约 任命 职位appointmentappointmentwithI have an appointment to paint my nails this weekend.02suspend vt. 悬；挂；吊 1. The builders worked on wooden platforms, suspended by ropes from the roof of the building.2. It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air. 暂停；中止；使暂停发挥作用（或使用等）1. The company has to suspend the space exploration project due to financial problems. 2. Talks between the two countries have now been suspended. suspension n. U单数暂停；中止：1. the suspension of business / a meeting 2. The school allows a partial suspension of its rules on the last day of term. U & C 暂令停职（或停学、停赛等）：1. suspension from office / school 2. suspension bridge1. A lamp was suspended from the ceiling. _2. Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out. _ 3. Dave was suspended from school for a week. _4. Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident. _ 悬；挂；吊 暂停 / 中止 被停学 被停职suspend03dismiss vt. 让离开；解散： 1. dismiss sb with a wave of the hand2. The class was dismissed early today. 常用于被动语态解雇；开除：1. He was dismissed from his job for incompetence. 消除（顾虑等）；拒绝考虑：1. dismiss fears / doubts from ones mind2. He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.dismiss vt.dismiss from.将(某人)从开除；解雇；使退去 be dismissed from ones service (某人)被免职；被解雇1. The minister was dismissed from his office in disgrace last week.2. I could not understand why Mr.Rochester had not asked the police to arrest her，or at least dismissed her from her service. dismiss fear from ones mind 消除(某人)心里的恐惧1. She tried to dismiss fear from her mind04declare vt.表明; 宣称; 公布 declare + that 从句:The court declared that strike action was illegal. declare sth / sb (to be) sth:The area has been declared a national park. declare sth + adj:The chairman declared the ceremony open; all of us present.declare vt.表明; 宣称; 公布 declare war on/upon.向宣战1. They have now declared war on/upon drug dealers in the area. declare against. 声明反对 declare for.声明赞成declaration n.申报; 宣布; 公告Depending on the context in which a member declaration occurs，only certain declared accessibilities are permitted.(declare)The Declaration of Independence1. The court declared that Browns case should be reviewed. _2. Edward declared himself angry and upset. _ 3. You must declare all your income on this form. _4. Whos the first man to subscribe to the Declaration of Independence? _宣布 声称 申报独立宣言declare05calculate v. vt & vi 计算；核算1. The teacher calculated the average mark of the class. calculate + that / wh- 从句：2. Sally calculated that she would have about $100 left.it is calculated + that 从句：3. It is roughly calculated that in 1997 alone, about 2.3 million people died of HIV. calculate v. vt 预测；估计 calculate + that / wh- 从句：1. I calculated that we would arrive at 6:00 pm.2. This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price is. calculation n C & U 计算 calculator n C 计算器 1. Im going to calculate how much paint we need. _2. It is roughly calculated that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year. _ 3. It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her. _4. Dee looked at the bill and made some rapid calculations. _ 计算 据粗略计算估计快速计算calculate06fetch vt. 拿来；取来；请请来：Run and fetch the doctor.Fetch me my umbrella. = Fetch my umbrella for me. fetch, bring 辨析bring 为“拿来”“带来”，指将人或物拿到说话人所在地或即将要去的地方，强调一个方向的动作。 It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. fetch 为“去拿来”，指去取了某物或带上某人，再返回原处，强调动作的一往一返，= go and bring。John threw a ball away and then asked his dog to fetch it for him. 07turn out 制造；生产产：The factory turns out 900 cars a week. 原来（是）；证证明（是）；结结果（是）：1. Unexpectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day.2. It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack. 3. The book Don Quixote turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. turn out 出席；参加 :The factory turns out 900 cars a week. 关掉；熄灭：Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed.出席；参加制造；生产；培养出原来（是）；证明（是）；结果（是）关掉；熄灭08presume v. 假设设; 假定： presumed adj.假定的; 推测的 presumption n.放肆, 傲慢; 推测09act v. 行动动; 表现现; 起作用; 扮演：actor/actress n.男/女演员 action n.行为; 行动; 活动 active adj.积极的; 活跃的; 主动的; 有效的 activity n.活动; 行动; 活跃position 位置action 行动; 行为invention 发明collection 收藏; 收藏品instruction 指示; 说明-tion, 常构成名词词, 表状态态、行为为、动动作10division v. vi & vt 划分；分割；分配；分开：Household waste can be roughly divided into food waste, nonrecyclable waste and recyclable waste. vi & vt（被）除（尽）；把作除数：Ten divided by two equals five. vt 使产生分歧：We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite, rather than divide us. division n. U & C 单数分；分开；分配：In groups discuss what the possible work division was between men and women. U 分界线；部分；部门：the companys sales division U 除（法）：30 divided by 5 is a simple division. C & U 分裂；分歧；差异：Division of opinion among themselves contributed to their defeat.1. The current division of labour between workers and management skills will change. _2. Hes just been appointed as director of the publishing division. _3. My father taught me how to do division when I was six. _ 4. There are deep divisions in the party over the proposal. _劳动劳动 分工部门门除法分歧division11urge v. 行动动; 表现现; 起作用; 扮演： urgentadj.紧急的, 急迫的 urgency n.紧急; 催促; 紧急的事 urgently adv.紧急地, 急迫地urge v. 驱策；驱赶：I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. 催促；力劝 urge sb to do sth: They urged me to eat the strange food. urge + that . (should) do sth: He urged that we (should) take such steps. such steps. 大力推荐；极力主张 The situation is dangerous and the UN is urging caution. urge n. n C 强烈的欲望；迫切的需要urge to do sth:Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack between meals.uch steps. urgent adj 急迫的；迫切的；紧紧急的：I was in urgent need of money. Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.1. She began urging him towards the front door. _2. Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. _3. We urge effective action to be taken immediately. _4. He could no longer resist the urge to go and see Amanda._驱驱赶催促主张张抑制冲动动 urge12explode v. vi & vt 使）爆炸 ：explode a bomb The firework exploded in his hand. vi 爆发；激增：explode with angerFloridas population exploded after World War .explosion n . C & U 爆炸（声）：The explosion was caused by a burst gas pipe. C（感情）爆发； 激增：a population explosionan explosion in oil price explosive adj.爆炸性的; 爆发发性的; n.炸药药; 爆炸物1. A bomb exploded at one of Londons busiest railway stations this morning. _ 2. The population has exploded in the last ten years. _ 3. He told a joke which made Hank explode with laughter. 爆炸 激增 大笑起来 explodebe close to.接近; 靠近be equal to.等于; 胜任be similar to.与相似be harmful to.对有害be devoted to.献身; 专注于“be+adj. +to”类类短语语集萃13state n. 国家; 州; 情境; vt.规规定; 声明; 陈陈述 statement n.声称; 声明; 陈述 overstatement n.夸大; 夸张14nail n.& vt.He drove in a nail with one stroke of the hammer.【n.钉子】I have tried to discourage him from biting nails.【n.指甲】He nailed boards together to make a box.【vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定】15test out 检验 ；测试 test sb.out试试用，试验试验 ，考验验(某人)My new boss gave me the most difficult clients to deal with.I felt he was really testing me out to see if I would cope. test for .检验检验 ；对对人或物 做检测检测The software has been tested for viruses. put.to the test 使经经受考验验；检验检验 ；试验试验Might his promise soon be put to the test?16形式主语语it (1)It is过去分词(reported，believed，said，announced等)主语从句 (该结构可与“Sb./Sth. be过去分词to do.”结构相互转换)It is reported that the film star will come to our city.It is said that he studied abroad，but we dont know which country he studied in.(2)It不及物动词(seem，happen，turn out，appear等)主语从句(3)It is名词词组 (a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour等)主语从句It is a pity that you cant go with us to enjoy the concert.(4)It is adj.(clear，natural，obvious，possible，likely等)主语从句It is natural that he changed his mind.17be being 形容词词 句中was being sensitive为“be being 形容词”结构，强调某人在特定的某个时刻或时候的状况，而不是指这个人一直都是这样的。The children are being quiet，I wonder what theyre up to.Not everyone thinks that the government is being particularly generous.“be being adj.”结构用于陈述句，表示“被陈述对象一时的反常举止或行为以及说话人的惊讶、不满、责备、讽刺等情绪”。He must be wondering why everyone is being so rude to him.Reg is being very nice all of a sudden.Whats his game? 18suggest that.建议议 句中suggest表示“建议”，宾语从句谓语动词应 用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。They suggested that we should visit a class right away.I suggested that he rest，and sent him for an Xray.The teacher suggested that I write him directly.suggest还可以表示“暗示；表明”，后接宾语从句时，从句用陈述语气而不用虚拟语气。The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry.His pale face suggested that he did be ill. 谢谢观看单词精讲单词精讲Unit 3Unit 31.setsail起航；开航sailvi. 起航n.帆setsailfor=sailfor起航setsailacross/sailacross航行穿过过sailinto/outof驶驶入/驶驶出sailaroundtheworld乘船环环游世界【语语境应应用】完成句子1)AfterspendingabriefperiodinIreland,she_(启航前往)India.2)Theysail_(穿越)theAtlanticandtheIndianOcean.setsailforacross2.extend1. vt伸开；展开；伸出：Extendyourlefthand.2. vt & vi（使）延伸；（使）延长长：Thisroadextendstotheriver.Thetravelersdecidedtoextendtheirvisittoseemoreaboutthebeautifulcountry.3. vt & vi（使）扩扩大；（使）扩扩展：anextendedfamilyThecompanyextendeditsservicestoHongKong.4. vt 正式用语语 提供；给给予：Thechairmanextendedawarmwelcometotheguestspeaker.写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Weshalldowhateverwecantoextendourservice._2.Carefulusecanextendthelifeofyourwashingmachine._3.Althoughthemarathonisaphysicaltest,thelessonslearnedextendfarbeyondthebody._4.Theinspector（检查员）wavedhisarmstoextendawarmgreetingtoGlennsmother.（2015湖南改）_extend扩展延长寿命延伸给予extensionnC&U1. 延伸；扩扩大；延长长期：avisaextensionThewirehasanextensionof50feet.Theextensionofthegardenwilltakeseveralweeks.ThepubhadanextensiononChristmasEve.2. 扩扩建部分：Thecityisbuildinganextensiontothesubwayline.3. 电话电话 分机；分机号码码：Extension326,please!4. by extension 正式用语语 再则则知识识拓展(1)extendfrom.to.从延伸到extendout伸出extendthrough.贯贯穿；达到整个的长长度(2)extensionn.延伸，扩扩展ThetouristseasonextendsfromMaytoOctober.Thegirlscompetedforit，theirhandsextendedoutintotheair.Imeantobetalkingaboutasinglethingthatwasextendedthroughtime.小片段填空Takeoffextensionandthelegsshouldbefullyextendedontopofthejump.(extend)【短语语互译译】1.extendonesbusiness扩扩大其营业营业 2.extendthebanontheimportofbeef延长长牛肉进进口禁令3.extendthekitchenbysixfeet把厨房延长长六英尺4.extendourinsurancecovertotravelabroad把我们们的保险险范围扩围扩 大到国外旅行5.extendawarmwelcometoourvisitors向我们们的来宾宾表示热热烈的欢欢迎【语境应用】用extend的正确形式填空。1)Alberthasgotatwo-month_tofinishhispaper.2)Tracysknowledgeofmusicis_.3)Theshophasrecently_itsopeninghours.4)Hisland_fromthehousetothosetrees.extensionextensiveextendedextends3.negotiatevt.商定vi.谈谈判;磋商;协协商【拓展】negotiationn.谈谈判，商谈谈negotiableadj.可协协商的，可讨论讨论 的negotiatorn.谈谈判代表常用结结构：negotiateforsth.negotiatesth.withsb.Rents are individually negotiated between landlord and tenant.They have refused to negotiate on this issue.I managed to negotiate successfully with the authorities.知识识拓展negotiateaprice商谈谈价格negotiatewith.同协协商；谈谈判；交涉negotiatefor.为为谈谈判negotiateinto.通过谈过谈 判使进进入Wearenegotiatingforthereleaseoftheprisoners.Illnegotiatewiththeircoachonthedateofthematch.Sowhatisthebestwaytonegotiateyourwayintoamobileworklifestyle?【短语语互译译】1.tonegotiateapeacesettlement就和平协议进协议进 行谈谈判2.negotiateacontract协协商合同3.negotiatewiththecompany与公司谈谈判4.beundernegotiation正在洽谈谈4.leaguen.等级级;水平;联联合会;联赛联赛inaleagueofonesown独领风骚领风骚atthetopoftheleague顶级顶级 的beinthesameleague同一级别级别inleaguewith与密谋谋；与结结盟outofonesleague某人力所不能及5.withdraw1. vt提取（存款等）：Iwantedtowithdraw$4,000frommybankaccount.2. vt 收回（发发言、意见见等）：Theministerwithdrewhisstatementlater.3. vi & vt（使）退出：Imadethechoicetowithdrawfromcollegetocareformygrandma.4. 停止提供，不再给给予Thedrugwaswithdrawnfromsaleafteranumberofpeoplesufferedserioussideeffects.知识识拓展(1)withdrawfrom.从撤出，撤回withdrawmoneyfromthebank从银银行取款withdrawoneseyesfrom.把视线视线 从移开(不再看)withdrawaremark收回发发言(2)withdrawaln.收回；取回；撤回；撤退；取款Tellthementowithdrawfromtheirnewposition.Idliketowithdraw1，000dollarsfrommysavingsaccountandputitinmychequeaccount.Hehasmadeseveralwithdrawalsfromhisbankaccount.【短语语互译译】1.withdrawfrom退出；离开2.withdrawmoney取钱钱3.withdrawcash取现现；取钱钱4.withdrawtroops收兵，撤军军写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Idliketowithdrawsomemoneyfrommyaccount._2.Thetroopshavebeenwithdrawnfromthedangerarea._3.IwanttowithdrawastatementImadeearlier._4.BritainhassuccessfullywithdrawnfromtheEU. _withdraw提取撤退收回/撤回退出6.channel1. 海峡；水渠；航道：theEnglishChannel2. 途径； 渠道：Complaintsmustbemadethroughtheproperchannels.OurschoolBBSisausefulchannelofcommunicationbetweenteachersandstudents.3. 频频道：Hechanged/switchedchannelstowatchthebasketballgame.4. vt 把（钱钱或精力等）导导向（某一特定目的）；引导导：Mostofhisenergywaschanneledintowriting.写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。Theresaninterestingprogrammeonchannel4tonight._2.Wemustopenthechannelsofcommunicationbetweenthetwocountries._3.Ifyouhavenothingtodeclare,gothroughthegreenchannel._4.EnglandisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel._channel频道通道途径； 渠道英吉利海峡7.bondn.纽带纽带 ；关系vt.&vi.增强关系；使牢固结结合复数：bonds三单单:bonds现现在分词词:bonding过过去式:bonded过过去分词词:bonded同根词词：bondingn.特殊关系的形成；黏合eg.Astrongspiritualbondexistsbetweenthem.eg.Thisgluemakesagoodfirmbond.eg.Inhalfadozenwords，hehadexplainedthebondthatlinkedthem.【短语语互译译】1.theemotionalbondbetweenmotherandchild母亲亲和孩子之间间的感情纽带纽带2.bondmarket债债券市场场3.inbond（进进口货货物）在关栈栈中；保税4.bondstrength化粘合强度；键键强度知识识拓展bondbetween.之间间的联联系bond.to.把粘在上；使结结合Theresabondbetweenthetwins.Silveroverlayisbondedtotheentiresurface.8.inhand在手头头；可供使用athand在手头头byhand用手；手工handinhand手拉手give/lendsbahand给给某人帮忙ontheonehandontheotherhand一方面另一方面知识识拓展athand在手边边，在附近byhand由人工，用人力handinhand手牵牵手，携着手gohandinhandwith.与共同行动动；与相配合；与一致；与结结合在一起outofhand无法控制，不可收拾Soonschoolwillendandthevacationwillbeathand.Higherreturnsandhigherriskusuallygohandinhand.Wereceivedatypewrittenletterwithanoteaddedbyhand.9.politics政治；政治事务务同根词词：politicaladj.政治的；党派的politicallyadv.政治上politiciann.政治家，政客1.discusspolitics讨论讨论 政治2.studypolitics学习习政治学3.partypolitics党派政治4.culturalpolitics文化政治;文化政治学;政治文化10.professionn.行业业，职业职业复数:professions词词根:profess同根词词:professionaladj.专业专业 的；职业职业 的；职业职业 性的n.专业专业 人员员；职业职业 运动员动员professionallyadv.专业专业 地；内行地eg.Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano.2019江苏苏eg.Shewasattheverytopofherprofession.【短语语互译译】1.caringprofession护护理行业业;照顾顾他人的职职业业2.serviceprofession服务专业务专业3.healthprofession饮饮食行业业;健康专业专业4.theprofessionsoflaw,medicine,andengineering.法律、医学、工程的职业职业professional1. adj职业职业 的；专业专业 的：aprofessionaltennisplayerHedealtwiththeprobleminahighlyprofessionalway.2.