（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册考前强化提速练练习.docx

1、考前强化提速练.阅读理解Since 1970，North America has lost more than 2.9 billion birds，according to a study recently published in the journal Science.In less than half a century，the bird population has declined by some 29 percent，or more than 1 in 4 birds.For the first time，researchers have discovered that rare

2、species arent the only birds suffering population loss.In fact，common birdsincluding beloved backyard friends like sparrows and blackbirdsare taking the biggest hit.The new study used nearly 50 years of data collected largely by bird watchers and citizen scientists.“A total of 419 native migratory s

3、pecies experienced a net loss of 2.5 billion individuals，” the study says.More than 90 percent of the total loss can be found among just 12 bird families.Some of these widespread birds can thrive almost anywhere.The largescale loss of these hardy birds reveals theyre struggling to survive throughout

4、 the world.Birds are considered indicator species because theyre crucial to ecosystems，and their populations anticipate the environments health.Birds are “amazingly efficient” at spreading seeds.Birds also keep insect populations in check.Even the smallest bird helps control the spread of plants or

5、insects.The new study，however，identifies the losses without knowing all the causes.Scientists do identify habitat loss as the biggest challenge.Climate change，disrupted migration patterns and pesticide use are also major factors.Industrial agriculture may present a bigger challenge.The species disap

6、pearing most rapidlysparrows，blackbirds and larksare associated with agriculture.In recent decades，agriculture has grown to produce more food，but cleared landscapes have become unlivable for birds.“We need to change the way we grow food.Birds are signaling that we are doing it wrong，” as the study s

7、ays.The study offers the example of the 1990s effort to switch to notill farming，which reduced greenhouse gases and soil erosion(侵蚀)“Farmers are innovators.And theyve done it before.This is a great opportunity to have a huge impact on birds.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即普通鸟类的数量锐减和其背后的原因以及解决方案。1Whats

8、 the study mainly about?AThe climate issues.BThe disappearing birds.CThe agricultural problems.DThe environmental protection.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句可知，研究人员首次发现，珍稀物种并不是唯一遭受种群损失的鸟类。事实上，普通的鸟类包括像麻雀和黑鸟这样的我们后院的好朋友受到的伤害最大。由此可知，这个研究主要是关于正在消失的鸟类的。故选B。2How is the second paragraph mainly developed?ABy listing f

9、igures.BBy giving examples.CBy analyzing reasons.DBy making comparisons.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The new study used nearly 50 years of data collected largely by bird watchers and citizen scientists.A total of 419 native migratory species experienced a net loss of 2.5 billion individuals，the study says.M

10、ore than 90 percent of the total loss can be found among just 12 bird families.”可知，作者列举了大量数据来介绍该项新研究。故选A。3Whats the main reason behind the birds habitat loss?AClimate change.BGreenhouse gases.CIndustrial agriculture.DDisrupted migration patterns.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段前两句可知，鸟类数量锐减最重要的原因就是鸟类栖息地的减少；结合本段最后一

11、句中的“agriculture has grown to produce more food，but cleared landscapes have become unlivable for birds”可知，为了生产更多的粮食，人们开垦了很多土地。但是这些新开垦的土地却不再适合鸟类居住。故鸟类栖息地丧失的主要原因是农业产业化。故选C。4What does the study suggest as a solution?AProducing more food.BClearing more landscapes.CReducing the use of pesticide.DAdopting

12、new means of farming.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“We need to change the way we grow food.The study offers the example of the 1990s effort to switch to notill farming，which reduced greenhouse gases and soil erosion(侵蚀)”可知，我们需要改变种植食物的方式。“免耕农业”可以减少温室气体和对土壤的侵蚀，从而减少对鸟类的伤害。由此推断出，这项研究提出的解决方案是采用新的耕作方法。故选D。.七选五Be a

13、 Good TouristTourism can be both good and bad.Yes，it brings in money for the local economy and creates lots of jobs for locals，but it may also bring some problems. 1 Tourists have used paint，rocks，or even keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt，the Colosseum in Rome，Stonehenge in the UK，memorial

14、stones at the bottom of Qomolangma，and many，many other places.Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists who “love them to death” 2 If you want to leave a mark on the world，do it by changing someones life with kindness and love.Pass kindness along to future generations，not destructio

15、n.Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing the local people and life. 3 For example，Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas，taking p

16、ictures of students and disturbing their studies.I have three words for tourists like this：please be considerate. 4 The number of problems from tourists is endless：walking in large groups without considering others who need to walk by，crossing roads without observing local traffic laws，and many more

17、.The only way to solve the issue of the terrible tourist is to make sure that you are not one！ 5 Remember，whenever you step outside your countrys borders，you are representing your country to the rest of the world.AJust think from other aspects.BWhen in Rome，do as the Romans do.CHave fun in a way tha

18、t does not disturb others.DBe the best，kindest，most polite tourist if possible.EI have three words for people like this：please stop it.FOne growing problem is tourists who want to prove that they have visited someplace.GSome tourists wander around and take pictures of local people without asking for

19、 their permission.语篇解读这是一篇议论文。本文论述了旅游业可能带来的一些问题，并针对这些问题提出了文明出游的正确做法。1答案F解析第一段最后提到旅游业也可能带来一些问题。第二段第一句有必要承上启下讲出第一个问题，空格后具体提到了游客们在景点写字这个问题。因此F项(一个日益严重的问题是游客们想证明他们去过某个地方。)符合上下文语境，并且此句也和第三段第一句中的“Another big problem”相呼应。故选F。2答案E解析前文提到因为乱写乱画致使很多景点被破坏，所以此处是告诫人们“不要这样做”，紧接着提出具体的建议。因此E项(我对这样的人要说三个字：请停止。)符合上下文语

20、境。这句也和第三段中的“I have three words.”相呼应。故选E。3答案G解析前文提到在一些地方，另一个大问题是游客扰乱了当地人们的生活。此处应具体解释游客如何扰乱了当地人们的生活。根据后面介绍的发生在两所大学的具体事例可知，G项(一些游客在未经允许的情况下四处游荡，给当地人拍照。)符合上下文语境。故选G。4答案C解析此处是对前面的“be considerate(要做到体贴他人)”作具体的解释说明，因此C项(以不打扰他人的方式享受乐趣。)符合前文语意。故选C。5答案D解析前句强调确保自己不做“terrible tourist(糟糕的游客)”，紧接着应该说明如何做一名合格的游客，并

21、且与后面一句构成因果关系：因为出国旅游代表的是自己国家的形象，所以D项(要尽可能成为最好、最友善、最有礼貌的游客。)符合上下文语意。故选D。.完形填空In life，we often succeed and fail for reasons.Sometimes they are entirely out of our 1 .We can work harder than anyone else in the office and still not be 2 .We can be incredibly nice and love someone deeply，and they may not

22、love us 3 .The truth is that life is not 4 .That is a tough 5 to swallow for many of us.In fact，some people 6 after being hit by even one unfair blow from life.But if we let lifes unfairness 7 us，we will never receive the beautiful blessings that life has 8 for us.My first 9 marriage felt very unfai

23、r to me.No matter how hard I had tried，I couldnt make the relationship 10 .But I didnt let it discourage me from wanting a happy marriage.And finally，I met my Mr.Right. 11 Ive learned over the years is that we can do all the things that deserve a good outcome，but get quite the opposite.When we face

24、lifes seeming unfairness，our 12 needs to jump in.When life doesnt go 13 plans，we should keep trying，and doing the right thing. 14 that life is neither fair nor straightforward.If we remain confident，we can drive our unfair experiences away and use them for our 15 .语篇解读作者通过这篇文章向我们讲述了如何看待生活中的不公平，当我们遭遇

25、不公平时，作者建议我们要相信自己，并继续做我们应该做的事。1A.reach BcontrolCdate Dorder答案B解析句意为：在生活中，我们常会因不可控的原因成功或失败。 out of reach够不着，达不到；out of control无法控制，超出的控制；out of date过期的；out of order无序的。根据句意可知选B。2A.promoted BpaidCpleased Dproved答案A解析分析语境可知，我们可能比办公室其他任何人都努力工作，但仍然没有得到晋升。promote晋升，提升。故选A。3A.more BbackCenough Dunconditiona

26、lly答案B解析more更多；back回来，回报；enough足够地；unconditionally无条件地。根据语境可知，我们可以非常好，深爱一个人，他们可能不会像我们爱他们那样爱我们(即把爱还回来)。故选B。4A.easy BsmoothCfair Dideal答案C解析easy 容易的；smooth光滑的，顺利的；fair公平的；ideal理想的，完美的。根据上文的语境可推断出，我们付出的比得到的回报多，所以是不公平的，而且下文中“one unfair blow from life”及“we let lifes unfairness”也是提示。故选C。5A.feeling BwordCf

27、act Dpill答案D解析feeling情绪，情感；word话语，单词；fact事实；pill药丸。根据上文的内容可知，这种不公平对我们许多人来说是一个难以下咽的药丸。故选D。6A.died down Blooked downCshut down Dsettled down答案C解析die down减弱，逐渐平息； look down瞧不起；shut down关闭；settle down停留，定居。根据上下文的内容可知，一些人甚至因被生活中的一个不公平的打击击中而自我封闭。shut down本意为“关闭”，此处引申为“自我封闭”。故选C。7A.confuse BmanageCbetray D

28、defeat答案D解析confuse使迷惑；manage经营，管理；betray背叛；defeat打败。上文中“being hit by even one unfair blow from life”中的hit与defeat是同义词，也是提示，此处意为“但是如果我们让生活的不公平打败我们”。故选D。8A.in charge Bin returnCin place Din store答案D解析in charge掌管，负责； in return作为报答，反过来； in place恰当，合适；in store (for sb.)即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)。根据上下文的语境可知，如果我们让

29、生命的不公平战胜我们，我们将永远不会得到生活即将带给我们的美好祝福。故选D。9A.arranged BfailedChappy Dinteresting答案B解析arranged安排好的； failed失败了的，不成功的；happy快乐的； interesting有趣的。根据下文的内容可知，作者的第一次婚姻是失败的。故选B。10A.work BstartCend Dworsen答案A解析work使产生效果，起作用； start开始，启动；end结束；worsen恶化，使更坏。根据语境可知，这是一次失败的婚姻，而且是不公平的，故“无论我多么努力想成为一个好妻子，我都不能使这种关系运转良好”。故选

30、A。11A.When BWhereCWho DWhat答案D解析从句中动词learned后缺少宾语，应用what。故选D。12A.faith BabilityCjudgement Deffort答案A解析faith信任，信念；ability能力；judgement判断；effort努力。根据下文中的“remain confident”可知，confident与faith是同义的。故选A。13A.ahead of Baccording toCregardless of Ddue to答案B解析ahead of在前面；according to根据，按照； regardless of不管，不论； d

31、ue to由于。根据上下文的语境可知，本句的意思是“当生活不按计划进行时，我们应该不断尝试，做正确的事情”。故选B。14A.Accept BAssumeCFancy DConsider答案A解析accept接受；assume假设；fancy想象；consider考虑。根据上下文的语境可知，我们要接受(accept)生活既不是公平的也不是一帆风顺的。故选A。15A.career BmarriageCfate Dbenefit答案D解析career事业； marriage婚姻； fate命运；benefit好处，益处。根据语境可知，只有明白如果我们保持自信，我们就可以赶走不公平的经历，并利用它们来

32、获益。故选D。.语法填空When foreigners negotiate，or register in certain areas of China，they may be 1. (surprise) at Chineses special fondness and preference for seals.To Chinese，seals are an art of deep cultural roots,2. combines the essence of both calligraphy(书法) and sculpture and inspires generations to stu

33、dy，to appreciate and to collect.It is believed that seals came out as early 3. 8,000 years ago after our ancestors could make pottery wares(陶瓷) and had private property.They were assumed to make marks on 4. (they) own possessions to prevent them from being stolen.When the first dynasty 5. (found)，th

34、e king began to use seals to empower(授权) and to show lordly credits.Only the kings special seal was then called “Xi”，6. (represent) the highest authority.The first emperor of China，Qin Shi Huang，had his “Xi” 7. (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade “Heshi Bi”Then the local governments also

35、 needed seals for 8. same function.Meanwhile，private seals were carved in a variety of lucky 9. (character)and vivid animal patterns.10. (gradual)，the sphragistics(印章学) came into being.1答案surprised解析考查固定短语。be surprised at对感到惊奇，是固定短语，所以填surprised。2答案which解析考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，该句是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ar

36、t，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。3答案as解析考查固定短语。as early as早在的时候，是固定短语，所以填as。4答案their解析考查代词。文中表示“他们自己的财产”，用形容词性物主代词，所以填their。5答案was founded解析考查时态和语态。发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；“第一个朝代”和“建立”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填was founded。6答案representing解析考查非谓语动词。“玺”和“代表”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填representing。7答案made解析考查固定结构。句意为：中国的第一位皇帝，秦始皇，他的“玺”是由无价的美玉“和氏璧”制成。“玺”和“制成”之间是被动关系，此处为have sth.done结构，所以填made。8答案the解析考查固定用法。句意为：然后，地方政府也需要印章来履行同样的职能。the same同样的，是固定用法，所以填the。9答案characters解析考查名词复数。a variety of后面接可数名词的复数形式，所以填characters。10答案Gradually解析考查副词。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，首字母大写，所以填Gradually。