初中定语从句课堂讲解课件.ppt

1、 The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句1.The man is a worker.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子: :The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,

2、 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when关系词作用关系词作用 1.代替代替先行词先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中它还在定语从句中担任担任一定的一定的成分成分; 3. 同时同时连接连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主先行词与它引导的定语从

3、句。（把主句和从句连起来）句和从句连起来）v 关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。人称、数必须和先行词一致。 关系词关系词判判 断断 步步 骤骤 :v 首先，要看先行词。首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人如果先行词是指人,关系代词关系代词 可用可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物如果先行词指物,关系关系 代词可用代词可用which或或that;v 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表然后，要确定关系词在从

4、句中的成分。请看下表先行词先行词 主格主格 宾格宾格 所有格所有格 人人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which 最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实叙述客观事实 用一般现在时用一般现在时) (从句从句)The w

5、oman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示过去时间表示过去时间) 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用which 或或that引导引导. .These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, , 用用who, whom, whose, that引导引导.who, whom, whose, that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语. The man who i

6、s speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a

7、round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语,在口在口语和非正式文体中常用语和非正式文体中常用who代替，代替，可以省略可以省略. The woman whom/who they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a te

8、acher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语 The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. (宾语宾语) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The tea

9、cher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.关系代词关系代词 1.who1.who指人指人, ,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.Th

10、e man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语关系代词关系代词 3.whose 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式, , 它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose

11、 cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.4.which 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略, ,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) ) These are t

12、he trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The a

13、pple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the

14、 hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big.关系代词与介词关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前介词放在关系代词的前面时面时,介词宾语只能用介词宾语只能用which代物代物, 用用whom代人。代人。(介词在末尾时介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略关系词可以省略) 定语从句中需注意事项定语从句中需注意事项 先行词是物，关系词只能用先行词是物，关系词只能用

15、that,而不宜用而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数序数词词修饰时修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是先行词是 something, nothing, anything，little ,few,much,many, all,等等不定代词不定代词时时 Here is something

16、( that) I will tell you.3.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时,只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是先行词是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can o

17、ffer you. 5.当当主句主句已有已有疑问词疑问词 who或或which时，用时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 先行词前有the only，the very，the same，the last等词修饰时，只能用that。例如：This is the same bike that I lost.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。例如：Who is the girl that is crying？先行词是物关系词只能用which不能用that的情况：先行词为that，those时

18、，只能用which。例如：What is that which is under the desk?Those are the books (which) I bought yesterday.关系词前有介词时，This is the room in which he lives.注注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列在指人可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行词是先行词是anyone, someone, those时，时，关系词使用关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is

19、there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行词指人句型中，先行词指人,关系词关系词用用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a footba

20、ll player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.

21、All _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐. I like the music that I can sing along with.4

22、. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 1This is the man _ wants to see you. 2The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3The man _ you went to see has come. 4The man _I met yesterday lent me some money. 5The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher 6.Jack,

23、 there is someone in the office _ would like to speak with you. 定语从句练习定语从句练习 6Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday. 7These books _ you lent me were very useful. 8A clock is a machine _ tells people the time. 9This is the shirt _I bought yesterday. 10The book _ is on the table is mine.

24、 11The film _ they are talking about is very interesting. 定语从句练习定语从句练习 13Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer. 14The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English. 15. You have seen the girl _ sister is a Chinese teacher. A. whom B. of whom C. whose D. of which 16.I do not like the book-cov

25、er is blue。17.He lives in the house-wall is white。 12Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing? 定语从句练习定语从句练习18. The bridge _ a big ship can go has been built. A. under which C. in which B. under that D. on which22.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which

26、D. with whom 定语从句练习定语从句练习 23.Everything _ I know will be taught to the students. .23. We should do all _ is useful to people. A. / B. that C. it D. which 24.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 25.This is the best film _ I ha

27、ve ever seen. 定语从句练习定语从句练习 26.This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 27. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. what B. which C. as D. .that 28.He is the first one-come to the classroom every day。 29.He is the second boy -win the prize。定语从句练习定

28、语从句练习 30. I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited. 31.He talked about the classmates and the school _ he had visited. A. who C. which B. that D. about which 32. This is the only article of these _ was written by him. A. thatB. which C. whoD.whose定语从句练习定语从句练习 36.Who is the

29、 girl-sits under the tree？ 37.Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. that D. who 38. That _ finished doing it pleases tell me. A. who have C. which have B. who has D. have定语从句练习定语从句练习 根据汉语完成句子：根据汉语完成句子：6.Here is the pen _ . (你昨天丢失的）你昨天丢失的）7.This is

30、the best book_ _. (我读过的）我读过的）8.I have lost the pen_. （我父亲给我买的）（我父亲给我买的）9.Wheat is a plant_ _. （中国北方（中国北方 种植的）种植的）10.I dont like the people_. (说得多说得多,做得少的）做得少的） (that)you lost yesterday.(that) I have ever read(which/that) my father bought me which/that is grownwho talk too much but do littlein the north of China