2021年安徽中考英语复习练习课件：01专题一-名词.pptx（无音视频）

1、 中考英语（安徽专用）第一部分基础知识运用专题一名词A组安徽中考题组1.(2020安徽,23)What do you think of your new house built by the local government?Pretty good. I have a of happiness now.A.warningB.traditionC.feelingD.question答案答案C句意:你觉得当地政府为你盖的新房子怎么样?相当不错。我现在感到很幸福。本题考查名词。warning警告;tradition传统;feeling感觉;question问题。从Pretty good.可知,“我”

2、对房子很满意,所以感到很幸福,故选C。知识拓展知识拓展have a feeling of happiness可以用feel happy代替,都表示“感到很幸福”。2.(2019安徽,32)You can see the in our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years.A.doubtB.prideC.regretD.ability答案答案B句意:当我们谈论过去70年的伟大成就时,你可以看到我们脸上洋溢着的自豪。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意思为“怀疑”;B选项意思为“自豪”;C选项意思为“后悔

3、”;D选项意思为“能力”。因为谈到过去的伟大成就,所以我们不自觉地流露出自豪的神情。3.(2018安徽,32)What is the of your excellent spoken English?Practice makes perfect!A.resultB.influenceC.dutyD.secret答案答案D句意:你的英语口语极好的秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!本题考查名词词义辨析。result 结果;influence影响;duty职责;secret秘诀。回答的是学习方法,故要问英语口语说得好的秘诀。知识拓展知识拓展Practice makes perfect!是英语谚语,表示“熟能生巧

4、!”。考生要多掌握英语谚语,培养语感。4.(2017安徽,33)The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate. A.chanceB.habitC.questionD.price答案答案A句意:新丝绸之路将给更多的国家提供一个交流的好机会。本题考查名词词义辨析。chance机会;habit习惯;question问题;price价格。根据句意可知答案为A项。5.(2016安徽,32)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing compet

5、itions last year.A.sleepB.ideaC.voiceD.time答案答案C句意:凯西有如此好的嗓音以至于她去年在歌唱比赛中得了许多奖。本题考查名词词义辨析。sleep睡眠;idea想法;voice嗓音;time时间。根据句意可知答案为C项。解题关键解题关键解题关键在于理解have a good voice指的是拥有好的嗓音,故能在歌唱比赛中获奖。易错警示易错警示本题易错选B,好主意并不是能在歌唱比赛中获奖的关键因素,故不选。知识拓展知识拓展have a sweet voice有甜润的嗓音。B组20162020年全国中考题组题组一名词词义辨析1.(2020河北,35)In

6、a restaurant, people usually choose food and drink from the .A.bookB.menuC.newspaperD.magazine答案答案B句意:在餐馆里,人们通常从菜单里选择食物和饮料。book书;menu菜单; newspaper报纸; maga-zine杂志。由句意可知本题选B。2.(2020湖北黄冈,26)Why do Chinese people like red?Because the color red is the of good luck in China.A.reasonB.hopeC.dreamD.symbol答案

7、答案D句意:为什么中国人喜欢红色?因为在中国,红色是好运的象征。本题考查名词词义辨析。reason原因;hope希望;dream梦想;symbol象征。the symbol of是固定词组,表示“的象征”。故答案为D。3.(2020湖北武汉,37)Hows Mr. Clarks small company?Quite good.It has grown to become a in the international trade.A.ruleB.dutyC.powerD.sign答案答案C句意:克拉克先生的小公司怎么样?十分好。它已经成长为国际贸易中的一股力量了。本题考查名词词义辨析。由题干中

8、的grown一词可推断这个小公司发展壮大了,由此可知本题选择C。rule规则;duty责任;power有影响的机构;sign标志。4.(2020江苏连云港,4)The of the meeting is to help teachers and parents achieve better communication.A.positionB.progressC.periodD.purpose答案答案D句意:这次会议的目的是帮助老师和家长实现更好的沟通。本题考查名词词义辨析。position位置;progress进步;period阶段;purpose目的。不定式短语to help.是会议的目的。

9、故选D项。5.(2020江苏南京,13)Maria is always full of because she takes exercise every day.A.energyB.talentC.humourD.wealth答案答案A句意:Maria总是精力充沛,因为她每天锻炼。本题考查名词词义辨析。energy精力,活力;talent天赋;humour幽默;wealth财富。根据takes exercise every day可知,Maria应该是精力充沛的,故选A项。6.(2020江西,32)When you go rock climbing, you need to be carefu

10、l so that you dont have a(n) .A.chanceB.accidentC.secretD.action答案答案B句意:当你攀岩时,你需要小心这样你才不会出事故。本题考查名词词义辨析。chance机会;ac-cident意外;secret秘密;action行动。因为攀岩是危险的运动,易发生意外,故选B。7.(2020江苏苏州,5)I dont care how many words there are in your article, but the of it really matters.A.abilityB.sizeC.qualityD.energy答案答案C句意

11、:我不在乎你的文章里有多少字,但质量才是真正重要的。本题考查名词词义辨析。ability能力;size尺寸;quality质量;energy能量。根据语境可知,文章的质量才是重要的。故选C项。8.(2020辽宁营口,2)Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our ?Yes, I slept well and I liked the breakfast.A.hotelB.schoolC.factoryD.company答案答案A句意:先生,你在我们旅馆待得愉快吗?是的,我睡得好,而且我喜欢(这里的)早餐。本题考查名词词义辨析。hotel旅馆;school学校;fact

12、ory工厂;company公司。提供住宿和早餐的地方是旅馆,故选A。9.(2020内蒙古包头,23)While she was in Milan, she developed a for fine art.A.wayB.relationC.tasteD.habit答案答案C句意:她在米兰时对美术产生了兴趣。本题考查名词词义辨析。 way方式,方法;relation关系;taste爱好,志趣;habit习惯。develop a taste for fine art意为“对美术产生了兴趣”,由此可知本题选择C。10.(2020云南,22)His father is a great in Leish

13、enshan Hospital in Wuhan. He is so busy that he hasnt had a good rest for several months.A.actorB.singerC.violinistD.doctor答案答案D句意:他的父亲是武汉雷神山医院一名很棒的医生。他如此忙以至于好几个月都没有好好休息了。本题考查名词词义辨析。actor演员;singer歌手;violinist小提琴手;doctor医生。由句中的关键词Leishenshan Hospital可以判断出他的父亲是一名医生。故答案为D。11.(2019天津,23)The of this acti

14、vity is to raise money for a new hospital.A.silenceB.purposeC.cultureD.language答案答案B句意:这个活动的目的是为一所新医院募捐。本题考查名词词义辨析。silence寂静,安静;pur-pose目的;culture 文化;language 语言。由句意可知本题答案为B。12.(2019河南,33)For his sons birthday, Steven is taking him to the new movie as a .A.taskB.treatC.choiceD.visit答案答案B句意:为了庆祝儿子的生日

15、,斯蒂芬打算带他去看新电影作为款待。本题考查名词词义辨析。task任务;treat款待;choice选择;visit拜访。as a treat作为款待,故选B项。13.(2019福建,24)What should we do for the camping trip?Wed better make a of things like foods, drinks, medicine and so on.A.listB.cardC.report答案答案A句意:我们应该为野营旅行做什么?我们最好列一张诸如食物、饮料、药等物品的清单。本题考查名词。list清单; card卡片;report报道。根据设空

16、处后面的like foods,drinks, medicine and so on可知,此处是指列一张清单。故选A。14.(2019江西,31)My daughter helps me cook, but she isnt old enough to be left alone in the .A.bedroomB.classroomC.labD.kitchen答案答案D句意:我女儿帮我做饭,但她还没到可以独自待在厨房里的年龄。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据前句中的cook可知,这里应该说的是厨房。故选D。15.(2019山东青岛,1)Lucy, how about going to the ?S

17、ounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure.A.libraryB.cinemaC.museumD.concert答案答案A句意:露西,去图书馆怎么样?听起来很好!读书能给我们很多乐趣。本题考查名词词义辨析。答语中提到读书的好处,由此可知是提议去图书馆。故选A。library图书馆;cinema电影院;muse-um博物馆;concert音乐会。16.(2019江苏苏州,3)Keep quiet, son!I need complete when Im working.Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise

18、 again.A.trustB.silenceC.controlD.strength答案答案B句意:保持安静,儿子!我工作时需要完全的安静。对不起,爸爸。我不会再制造噪音了。本题考查名词词义辨析。trust信任;silence沉默,寂静,无声;control控制;strength力气。complete silence完全没有声音,符合题意。故选B项。思路分析思路分析由题目中的Keep quiet以及I wont make any noise again.可知,爸爸工作时需要安静,此处可通过上下句的逻辑关系来判定,所以考生要注意句子的含义和语境。17.(2019广西北部湾经济区,34)In Ch

19、ina, the color red is the of good luck.A.dreamB.wayC.symbolD.reason答案答案C句意:在中国,红色是好运的象征。本题考查名词词义辨析。dream梦想;way方式,道路;symbol象征,标志;reason理由。根据句意可知此处应选C。18.(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔,3)I go running every day.Wow! Thats a good . It keeps you healthy.A.taskB.exerciseC.habit答案答案C句意:我每天都跑步。哇!那是个好习惯。它让你保持健康。本题考查名词。每天都坚持做一

20、件事应该说是一种“习惯”,故选C。易错警示易错警示本题易误选B。但本题强调的中心是“每天跑步”这件事,而并非强调运动类型是“跑步”。 19.(2017辽宁沈阳,6)These light bulbs look the same, but their on the environment are different.A.solutionsB.methodsC.effectsD.secrets答案答案C句意:这些灯泡看上去一样,但是它们对环境的影响是不同的。本题考查名词词义辨析。solu-tion解决方法;method方法;effect影响;secret秘密。effect与on搭配表示“对的影响”

21、。故选C项。20.(2016浙江温州,4)When an earthquake happens, I think the most important safety is to keep calm.A.ruleB.doubtC.conditionD.problem答案答案A句意:当地震发生时,我认为最重要的安全规则就是保持镇静。本题考查名词词义辨析。rule规则;doubt怀疑;condition状态;problem问题。根据题意可知选A项。题组二名词的数、所有格1.(2020山东青岛,5)Is this hat ?No, the red one is .A.Lucys;herB.Lucy;h

22、erC.Lucys;hersD.Lucy;hers答案答案C句意:这顶帽子是露西的吗? 不,那个红色的是她的。本题考查名词所有格和物主代词。问帽子是不是露西的,应该用名词所有格;用一个词表示她的(帽子),应该用名词性物主代词。易错警示易错警示形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法不同。形容词性物主代词不可单独使用,后面必须接名词;名词性物主代词单独使用,后面不能再接名词。2.(2019河北改编,27)I like this song. Its by one of my favorite s (歌手).答案答案singers句意:我喜欢这首歌。它是由我最喜欢的歌手中的一个演唱的。本题考查名词复数

23、。根据one of可知本空要填“歌手”的复数形式。3.(2018四川凉山改编,29)Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three G (德国人)and four A (美国人).答案答案Germans;Americans句意:上周许多外国人来到我们的学校,包括三个德国人和四个美国人。本题考查名词复数。数词three 和four 后的名词用复数形式。German 的复数形式是Germans;American的复数形式是Americans。知识拓展知识拓展Chinese的复数形式是Chinese;Japanese的复数形

24、式是Japanese。4.(2017黑龙江哈尔滨改编,13)How time flies! It is two m (月) since we met last.So it is. I miss you so much.答案答案months句意:时间过得真快!自从我们上次见面已经有两个月了。的确如此。我十分想念你。本题考查名词复数。two为基数词,后跟可数名词复数,month变复数直接加-s。5.(2017云南昆明,26)Many are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city (文明城市).A.manB.womanC.

25、volunteerD.volunteers答案答案D句意:很多志愿者在使昆明成为一个文明城市中发挥着积极作用。本题考查名词复数。根据题干中的Many可知设空处应用复数名词。故选D项。6.(2017甘肃兰州,28)There are a lot of on the grassland. sheep-dog is sitting next to them.A.sheep.TheB.sheep.AC.sheeps.TheD.sheeps.A答案答案B句意:在草地上有大量的羊。一只牧羊犬正坐在它们身旁。本题考查sheep的复数形式与冠词的用法。sheep的单复数相同,第二空表示泛指,用不定冠词a。故选

26、B项。7.(2016新疆乌鲁木齐,27)Its easy to travel from Urumqi to Lanzhou by taking the high-speed railway.Yes. Its only an .A.eight hours rideB.eight hours rideC.eight-hours rideD.eight hours ride答案答案D句意:乘坐高铁从乌鲁木齐到兰州旅行是容易的。是的,仅仅8个小时的旅程。本题考查名词所有格。an eight hours ride=an eight-hour ride。C组教师专用题组题组一名词词义辨析1.(2019重庆

27、,24)One of the book is missing, so I cant learn the whole story.A.copyB.pageC.writerD.reader答案答案B句意:这本书的其中一页不见了,所以我无法了解整个故事。本题考查名词词义辨析。copy复制品;page页;writer作者;reader读者。根据句意可知,其中的一页不见了,故选B。2.(2018湖北黄冈,26)Im thirsty, Mom. Id like something to drink.We only have some in the fridge.A.orangesB.ice-creamC.

28、juiceD.cheese答案答案C 句意:我渴了,妈妈。我想要一些喝的东西。我们的冰箱里只有一些果汁。本题考查名词词义辨析。orange橘子;ice-cream冰激凌;juice果汁;cheese奶酪。由句意可知本题选择C。3.(2018江西,32)I live near a big . It gets very noisy on match days.A.hospitalB.storeC.bankD.playground答案答案D句意:我住在一个大操场附近。在比赛的日子里它变得很吵闹。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据后句中的on match days可知,此处是操场(playground)。ho

29、spital医院;store商店;bank银行,均与语境不符。思路分析思路分析选项要放在语境中来思考,句子的意思要符合逻辑。只有playground与noisy、match相符。4.(2018江苏苏州,6)The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about his .A.attentionB.safetyC.actionD.growth答案答案B句意:这个男孩已经失踪五天了,他的父母很担心他的安全。本题考查名词词义辨析。attention注意力;safety安全;action行动;growth成长。根

30、据句意可知选B项。5.(2018重庆,23)I have a bad cold.Sorry to hear that. Youd better go to see a at once.A.doctorB.cookC.writerD.farmer答案答案A句意:我得了重感冒。听到这则消息(我)很难过。你最好马上去看医生。本题考查名词词义辨析。因为感冒了,所以要看医生,故选A。cook厨师;writer作家;farmer农民,均与题意不符。6.(2018湖北武汉,36)Kate, Im going shopping. Anything to buy for you?Yes, that will s

31、ave me a .A.handB.tripC.visitD.bill答案答案B句意:凯特,我要去购物。需要为你买些东西吗?是的,那将会省去我一趟行程。本题考查名词词义辨析。hand手;trip旅行;visit参观;bill账单。根据句意可知本题选择B。7.(2018天津,24)Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden .A.competitionB.interviewC.treasureD.tradition答案答案C句意:她的笑容使我感到温暖并充满活力。它就像一件隐藏的宝物。本题考查名词词义辨析。competi

32、tion竞赛;interview面试,采访;treasure宝物,珍宝;tradition传统。根据句意可知选择C项。8.(2018江苏南京,11)Do you have this T-shirt in a small ?Im afraid not. It only comes in medium.A.sizeB.colour C.materialD.taste答案答案A句意:这件T恤衫你有小号的吗?恐怕没有。它只有中号。本题考查名词词义辨析。size尺码,号;colour颜色;material材料;taste味道。根据答语中It only comes in medium.可知,此处询问衣服的

33、尺码,故选A项。9.(2017云南,33)My father has made a that he will buy a camera for me.A.suggestionB.secretC.problemD.decision答案答案D句意:我的父亲已经决定给我买一台照相机。本题考查名词词义辨析。suggestion建议;secret秘密;problem问题;decision决定。make a decision作出决定,故选D项。10.(2017贵州贵阳,31)There is a in my neighborhood and I often go there to see tigers.A

34、.zooB.bankC.school答案答案A句意:在我的居住区有一个动物园,我经常去那儿看老虎。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的tigers可知zoo(动物园)符合句意,故选A项。bank 银行;school学校,均不符合句意。11.(2017新疆乌鲁木齐,25)If you can speak English well, you will have a great over others when look-ing for a job.A.activityB.articleC.attentionD.advantage答案答案D 句意:如果你英语讲得好,找工作时你就比别人有很大优势。本题考查

35、名词。have a great advan-tage over sb.比某人有很大的优势。故选D项。12.(2017内蒙古包头,25)If you need further about our products, please surf theInternet.A.informationB.experienceC.practiceD.expression答案答案A句意:如果你需要我们产品的进一步信息,请网上冲浪。本题考查名词词义辨析。information 信息;experience 经验;practice 实践;expression 表达。根据句意可知选A项。13.(2017山西,22)Yo

36、u should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody. It shows your .A.shynessB.politenessC.quietness答案答案B句意:当你和某人交谈的时候,你应该注视着他的眼睛。这体现出你的礼貌。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据常识可知,在与人交谈时,看着对方的眼睛是有礼貌的行为。shyness害羞,羞涩;politeness礼貌;quietness安静。故选B项。14.(2017福建,29)Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in B

37、eijing Opera.Thats true. Its an important part of Chinese .A.cultureB.inventionC.custom答案答案A句意:如今越来越多的外国人变得对京剧感兴趣。对,它是中国文化的一个重要部分。本题考查名词词义辨析。culture文化;invention发明;custom风俗。根据题意可知选A项。15.(2017江苏苏州,9)Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?Either day is OK. It makes no to me.A.choiceB.changeC.differenceD.dec

38、ision答案答案C句意:我们周五去还是周六去?哪天都可以,我无所谓。本题考查名词词义辨析。choice选择;change改变;difference差别;decision决定。make no difference to.对没有作用/关系/影响,符合语境。故选C项。 16.(2016山西,16)During the next few days, I decide to have a good by taking a walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax.A.mealB.sleepC.rest答案答案C句意:在接下来的几天里,我决定通过散步或

39、看电影好好休息一下。我真的需要放松。本题考查名词词义辨析。meal一顿饭;sleep睡眠;rest休息。have a good rest好好休息。根据句意可知答案为C项。17.(2016福建福州,29)Who is the person you admire the most?Qian Xuesen, the Father of Chinas Missiles. He is the of China.A.leaderB.prideC.voice答案答案B句意:你最钦佩的人是谁?钱学森,“中国导弹之父”。他是中国的骄傲。本题考查名词词义辨析。leader领导;pride骄傲;voice声音。根据

40、句意可知选B项。18.(2016吉林,33)The pollution is becoming more and more serious.We havent seen blue skies for sev-eral days.A.noiseB.waterC.air答案答案C句意:空气污染正变得越来越严重。我们好几天没有看到蓝天了。本题考查名词词义辨析。由后句句意可知本题选择C项。19.(2016湖北武汉,36)Look, the boss is angry with Alex.Well, he came late again. But thats no to shout at him.A.p

41、roblemB.lessonC.excuseD.reason答案答案D句意:看,老板对Alex生气了。唉,他又来晚了。但是没有理由朝他大喊大叫。本题考查名词词义辨析。problem问题,难题;lesson课程,教训;excuse借口;reason理由。There is no reason to do sth. 没有理由做某事。故选D项。题组二名词的数、所有格1.(2019湖北武汉改编,37)Dad,what is the loudspeaker saying?It is to the p (乘客). The flight to Wuhan is boarding now.答案答案passeng

42、ers句意:爸爸,喇叭里正在说什么?那是对乘客们说的。飞往武汉的航班现在正在登机。本题考查名词复数。根据句意和首字母提示可知设空处要填passenger的复数形式。2.(2018河北改编,27)Did you hear the n (消息)? A scientist will visit our school.答案答案news句意:你听说那则消息了吗?一位科学家将参观我们的学校。本题考查名词的数。news意为“消息”,是不可数名词,故本空填news。知识拓展知识拓展news意为“新闻;消息”,为不可数名词。其常见短语和谚语有:a piece of good news一则好消息;some bad

43、 news一些坏消息;No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。3.(2017黑龙江哈尔滨改编,15)During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat d (饺子)as a traditional Chinese food. 答案答案dumplings句意:在春节期间,中国北方的人们通常吃饺子,作为一种传统的中国食物。本题考查名词复数。dumpling意为“饺子”,是可数名词,故此处要用其复数形式。4.(2017江苏宿迁改编,3)Could you give me a few s (建议)on

44、 how to spend the coming summer holi-day? OK. Let me see.答案答案suggestions句意:你能给我一些关于如何度过即将来临的暑假的建议吗?好的,让我想想。本题考查名词复数。a few后跟可数名词复数,give sb. suggestions给某人建议。5.(2017贵州贵阳,39)“Cindy, how far is it from your home to school?”“About 20 walk.”A.minutesB.minutesC.minutes答案答案C句意:“辛迪,从你家到学校有多远?”“大约步行20分钟的路程。”本

45、题考查名词所有格的用法。由设空处前面的20可知,minute用复数形式,其所有格形式是在minutes后加-,故选C项。6.(2016湖南永州改编,17)I think eating t (西红柿)is good for health. 答案答案tomatoes句意:我认为吃西红柿对健康有益。tomato变复数时加-es。7.(2016枣庄改编,64)About 200,000 v (游客) came to Taierzhuang Ancient Town during May 1 holi-days. Its difficult to believe.答案答案visitorsvisitor表

46、示“游客”,由200,000可知要用其复数形式,故填visitors。题组一名词词义辨析1.(2020全椒期末,35)As we know, the Chinese flying man Su Bingtian broke the Asian record. He is the of China.A.warmthB.prideC.progressD.influence答案答案B句意:正如我们所知,中国飞人苏炳添打破了亚洲纪录。他是中国的骄傲。本题考查名词词义辨析。打破亚洲纪录的运动员是国家的骄傲,故选B。pride表示“骄傲,自豪”。知识拓展知识拓展be the pride of.是的骄傲be

47、 proud of为感到自豪take pride in为感到骄傲2.(2020庐江质检,21)After dealing with the problems of classmates, our teacher turned her back to the work again.A.attentionB.memoryC.mannerD.progress答案答案A句意:在处理了同班同学的问题之后,我们的老师把注意力又转回到工作上。本题考查名词词义辨析。正常情况下,老师解决同学们的问题之后,会继续集中精力讲课。turn ones attention back to把注意力转回到。故选A。atten

48、tion表示“注意力”。3.(2020安徽第一卷一,22)Whats your , John?I want to know whether you could help me with the clean-up for ten minutes.A.formB.problemC.methodD.subject答案答案B句意:你有什么难事,约翰?我想知道你是否能帮我打扫10分钟。本题考查名词词义辨析。答语表示请求帮助,所以问句要问对方有什么难事需要解决,故选B。problem表示“难事,困难”。4.(2020名校之约二,24)While fighting the novel coronavirus

49、(新型冠状病毒), we need to give more to the needs of the hospitals.A.achievementB.advantageC.attentionD.agreement答案答案C句意:在抗击新冠病毒时,我们需要对于医院的需求给予更多的关注。本题考查名词词义辨析。在抗击新冠病毒期间,医院面临巨大的压力,缺少物资和医护人员,所以我们要对医院的需求给予关注。故选C。attention关注。give attention to给予关注。5.(2020濉溪期末,34)Reading the first of each paragraph before you

50、read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly.A.letterB.wordC.sentenceD.advice答案答案C句意:在你阅读整篇文章之前,阅读每一段的第一句能帮助你快速掌握中心思想。本题考查名词词义辨析。一般来说,每一段的首句是这一段的主旨句,把每段的大意搞明白当然有助于掌握全文的中心思想,故选C。6.(2020六安期末,21)Look!Here comes Ruby!She is always full of .So she is, because she takes a lot of exercise every