中考英语语法非谓语动词专题总复习完美版PPT课件.ppt

1、专题专题11 非谓语动词非谓语动词专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词考点直击考点直击 【考纲解读考纲解读】考点考点课标要求课标要求命题预测命题预测动词不定动词不定式式掌握动词不定式的基本构成、掌握动词不定式的基本构成、语法功能及基本用法。语法功能及基本用法。考查动词不定式的语法功能。考查动词不定式的语法功能。动名词动名词掌握动名词的几种基本用法。掌握动名词的几种基本用法。 考查动名词的常见的几种用法。考查动名词的常见的几种用法。易混点辨易混点辨析析重点掌握一些常用动词或动词重点掌握一些常用动词或动词短语后跟动词不定式及动名词短语后跟动词不定式及动名词的区别。的区别。考查常用动词或动词短语

2、后跟考查常用动词或动词短语后跟动词不定式及动名词所表示的动词不定式及动名词所表示的不同意义。不同意义。分词分词掌握现在分词和过去分词的用掌握现在分词和过去分词的用法和区别。法和区别。考查现在分词和过去分词的用考查现在分词和过去分词的用法。法。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词1 1动词不定式动词不定式 1 1作主语。作主语。常用常用itit作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。常用结构：常用结构：(1)It is(1)It isadj.(adj.(for/of sb.)for/of sb.)to do to do sth.(2)It takes sb.

3、some time to do sth.sth.(2)It takes sb. some time to do sth.如：如：专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词It is important for us to learn English well.It is important for us to learn English well.对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。It takes me about 3 hours to finish my homework It takes me about 3 hours to finish my homework

4、every day.every day.每天完成作业大约要花费我每天完成作业大约要花费我3 3个小时的时间。个小时的时间。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词2 2作宾语。作宾语。(1)(1)用在及物动词之后作宾语。如：用在及物动词之后作宾语。如：We want to have a good rest.We want to have a good rest.我们想好好休息一下。我们想好好休息一下。(2)(2)常用常用itit作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，放在句作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，放在句子的后面。常用结构：主语谓语子的后面。常用结构：主语谓语ititadj.adj.to

5、 do sth.to do sth.如：如：I think it important to learn Chinese well.I think it important to learn Chinese well.我认为学好汉语很重要。我认为学好汉语很重要。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词3 3作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。They asked us to play football with them.They asked us to play football with them.他们叫我们跟他们一起踢足球。他们叫我们跟他们一起踢足球。4 4作表语。作表语。动词不定式用在系动词之后

6、作表语。如：动词不定式用在系动词之后作表语。如：My only will is to do what is best for you.My only will is to do what is best for you.我唯一的愿望是做对你最好的事。我唯一的愿望是做对你最好的事。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词5 5作定语。作定语。动词不定式作定语时要后置，表示将要发生的动作。被修动词不定式作定语时要后置，表示将要发生的动作。被修饰语是不定式的逻辑主语或宾语，若为逻辑宾语，该不定式中饰语是不定式的逻辑主语或宾语，若为逻辑宾语，该不定式中的动词应为及物动词。如：的动词应为及物动词。如：I

7、 want to be the first one to get to the top of I want to be the first one to get to the top of the mountain.the mountain.我想成为第一个到达山顶的人。我想成为第一个到达山顶的人。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词6 6作状语。作状语。(1)(1)表示目的。如：表示目的。如：I went to the bookshop to buy a dictionary.I went to the bookshop to buy a dictionary.我去书店买了一本词典。我去书

8、店买了一本词典。(2)(2)表示原因。如：表示原因。如：Im very happy to hear from you.Im very happy to hear from you.收到你的信我很高兴。收到你的信我很高兴。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词(3)(3)表示结果。如：表示结果。如：The TThe Tshirt is too big for me to wear.shirt is too big for me to wear.这件这件T T恤太大了，我穿不了。恤太大了，我穿不了。(4)(4)表示程度。如：表示程度。如：Shes old enough to go to scho

9、ol.Shes old enough to go to school.她足够大了，可以去上学了。她足够大了，可以去上学了。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词【典例典例1 1】 We can make a fire _ the room We can make a fire _ the room warm so that we can chat for a while. warm so that we can chat for a while. A Ato keep Bto keep Bkeeping keeping C Ckeep Dkeep Dkept kept 解析解析 A A根据句

10、意可知这里应用动词不定式作目的状语。根据句意可知这里应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选故选A A。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词【典例典例2 2】 Whenever you have a chance _ Whenever you have a chance _ English, you should take it.English, you should take it.A Aspeak Bspeak Bto speak to speak C Cspoke Dspoke Dspeaks speaks 解析解析 B B句意：无论什么时候你有机会讲英语，你都应句意：无论什么时候你有机会讲英

11、语，你都应该抓住它。该抓住它。have a chance to do sth.have a chance to do sth.意为意为“有机会去做某事有机会去做某事”。故选故选B B。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词【典例典例3 3】 Li Ming, its bad for your eyes Li Ming, its bad for your eyes _ computer games for a long time._ computer games for a long time.Sorry, Mom. I wont do it again. Sorry, Mom. I wont

12、 do it again. A Aplays Bplays Bto playto playC Cplay Dplay Dplayed played 解析解析 B B本题考查本题考查“Its Its adj.(for sb.)adj.(for sb.)动词不定式动词不定式”句型。故选句型。故选B B。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词2 2动名词动名词 语法功能语法功能例句例句作主语作主语Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看过多的电视对你的看过多的电视对你的眼睛有害。眼睛有害。作宾语作宾语Have you finished reading

13、the book？你读完这本书了吗？你读完这本书了吗？作表语作表语The nurses job is looking after the patients.护士的工作是照顾病护士的工作是照顾病人。人。作定语作定语I often go to the reading room.我经常去阅览室。我经常去阅览室。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词(2)(2)一般过去时：主语一般过去时：主语was/werewas/were过去分词其他如：过去分词其他如：The cake was made by my mother. The cake was made by my mother. 这个蛋糕是我妈妈做

14、的。这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。(3)(3)一般将来时：主语一般将来时：主语 will be/is (are) going to bewill be/is (are) going to be过去分词其他如：过去分词其他如：A new school will be built next year.A new school will be built next year.明年将有一所新的学校被建立。明年将有一所新的学校被建立。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词 提示提示 常接动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语有常接动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语有enjoy, enjoy, finish, consider

15、, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, cant helpbe busy, feel like, give up, cant help等。等。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词【典例典例4 4】 Where is Mary? Where is Mary? Shes busy _ for the exam.Shes busy _ for the exam.A Astudy Bstudy

16、Bstudies studies C Cstudying Dstudying Dto study to study 解析解析 C Cbe busy doing sth.be busy doing sth.意为意为“忙于做某事忙于做某事”。故选。故选C C。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词【典例典例5 5】 What do you usually do at weekends? What do you usually do at weekends?I often practice _ English.I often practice _ English.A Aspeak Bspeak B

17、to speak to speak C Cspeaking Dspeaking Dspoke spoke 解析解析 C Cpractice doing sth.practice doing sth.意为意为“练习做某事练习做某事”。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词3 3易混点辨析易混点辨析 某些动词或动词短语接动词不定式或动名词作宾语时，意某些动词或动词短语接动词不定式或动名词作宾语时，意义有区别。义有区别。(1)stop to do sth.(1)stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事停下来去做另外一件事( (不定式作目的不定式作目的状语状语) )stop doing s

18、th.stop doing sth.停止做某事停止做某事(2)try to do sth.(2)try to do sth.试图试图( (企图企图) )做某事做某事 try doing sth.try doing sth.尝试着做某事尝试着做某事专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词(3)forget to do sth. (3)forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事忘记去做某事( (还没做还没做) )forget doing sth. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事( (已做已做) )(4)remember to do sth.(4)remember

19、 to do sth.记着去做某事记着去做某事( (还没做还没做) )remember doing sth.remember doing sth.记得做过某事记得做过某事( (已做已做) )(5)go on to do sth.(5)go on to do sth.做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事事go on doing sth.go on doing sth.继续做原来所做的同一件事继续做原来所做的同一件事 专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词(6)need doing (6)need doing (某事某事) )需要做需要做( (表示被动意思表示被动意

20、思) )need to do sth.need to do sth.需要去做某事需要去做某事( (表示主动意思表示主动意思) )(7)see sb. doing sth. (7)see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事看见某人正在做某事( (强调动作正强调动作正在进行在进行) )see sb. do sth.see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事了看见某人做某事了( (强调动作的全过程强调动作的全过程) )类似用法的还有类似用法的还有watch, hearwatch, hear等。等。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词【典例典例6 6】 Is Tom in the

21、next room? Is Tom in the next room? Well, its hard to say. But I heard him _ Well, its hard to say. But I heard him _ loudly when I passed by just now.loudly when I passed by just now.A Aspeak Bspeak Bto speak to speak C Cspoken Dspoken Dspeaking speaking 解析解析 D D答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他在大声说话。答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他

22、在大声说话。强调动作正在进行用现在分词。故选强调动作正在进行用现在分词。故选D D。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词4 4分词分词 英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词由英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词由动词原形加动词原形加ing ing 构成；过去分词由动词原形加构成；过去分词由动词原形加eded构成。现构成。现在分词表示正在进行或主动意义，所修饰的人或物是分词动作在分词表示正在进行或主动意义，所修饰的人或物是分词动作的承受者。如：的承受者。如：developing country developing country 发展中国家发展中国家( (正在发展的

23、正在发展的) )developed country developed country 发达国家发达国家( (已经发展了的已经发展了的) )an exciting ilm an exciting ilm 一部激动人心的电影一部激动人心的电影( (修饰物修饰物) )excited audience excited audience 激动的观众激动的观众( (修饰人修饰人) )专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词考点过关考点过关( ()1. )1. 20142014合肥合肥5050中模拟中模拟Mom, Im starving! Can Mom, Im starving! Can I have

24、something _I have something _？Oh, dear. You can only drink some milk. There is Oh, dear. You can only drink some milk. There is _ in the fridge. _ in the fridge. A Ato drink; nothing else to drink; nothing else B Bdrinking; something else drinking; something else C Cto eat; nothing else to eat; noth

25、ing else D Deating; something else eating; something else C C专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词根据根据“我很饿我很饿”可知我要一些吃的东西，动词不定式作后置可知我要一些吃的东西，动词不定式作后置定语；根据定语；根据“仅有一些牛奶仅有一些牛奶”可知没有任何其他的东西了。故选可知没有任何其他的东西了。故选C C。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()2. )2. 20142014合肥合肥4545中中模模He used to _ pop He used to _ pop music, but now he is used

26、to _ to classical music, but now he is used to _ to classical music.music.A Alike; listening Blike; listening Bliking; listening liking; listening C Clike; listen Dlike; listen Dliking; listen liking; listen A Aused to do sth.used to do sth.表示表示“过去常常做某事过去常常做某事”；be used to be used to doing sth.doing

27、sth.表示表示“习惯做某事习惯做某事”。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()3.Han Mei thought that _ to English )3.Han Mei thought that _ to English songs _ her a lot in English learning.songs _ her a lot in English learning.A Alisten; helps Blisten; helps Blistening; helpslistening; helpsC Clistening; help Dlistening; help Dlist

28、en; help listen; help B B动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()4.My pen pal Andrew found it difficult )4.My pen pal Andrew found it difficult _ Chinese well._ Chinese well.A Alearning Blearning BlearnlearnC Cto learn Dto learn DlearnedlearnedC Citit作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。作形式宾语，动词不

29、定式是真正的宾语。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()5.The book is very intersting, and I have )5.The book is very intersting, and I have finished _ it.finished _ it.A Aread Bread BreadingreadingC Cto read Dto read Dreads reads B Bfinish doing sth.finish doing sth.意为意为“做完某事做完某事”。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()6.Bob spcaks Chi

30、nese quite weil.)6.Bob spcaks Chinese quite weil.Yes, so he does. He practices _ Chinese Yes, so he does. He practices _ Chinese every day.every day.A Aspcke Bspcke BspeakspeakC Cspeaks Dspeaks DspeakingspeakingD Dpractise doing sth.practise doing sth.意为意为“练习做某事练习做某事”。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()1. )1.

31、20142014上海上海Harry has decided _ an Harry has decided _ an online shop after graduating from school.online shop after graduating from school.A Aopen Bopen Bto open Cto open Copened Dopened Dopeningopening语法专练语法专练B Bdecide to do sth.decide to do sth.意为意为“决定做某事决定做某事”。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()2.Why dont

32、you go out to play, Rose? )2.Why dont you go out to play, Rose? Im afraid I cant. I have much homework Im afraid I cant. I have much homework _A Ado Bdo Bdoes Cdoes Cdoing Ddoing Dto do to do D D专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()3.The boy _ in the teachers office )3.The boy _ in the teachers office was found

33、_ yesterday. was found _ yesterday. A Astanding; smoke Bstanding; smoke Bstanding; smoking standing; smoking C Cstood; smoke Dstood; smoke Dstood; smoking stood; smoking B B句意：站在老师办公室里的那个男孩昨天被发现吸烟了。句意：站在老师办公室里的那个男孩昨天被发现吸烟了。该题谓语动词是该题谓语动词是was foundwas found，因此，因此the boythe boy后应为非谓语动词，后应为非谓语动词，应用现在分词短

34、语作定语；应用现在分词短语作定语；find sb. doing sth.find sb. doing sth.意为意为“发现某发现某人在做某事人在做某事”，表示动作正在进行。，表示动作正在进行。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()4.Mr. Zhang, I have trouble _ the )4.Mr. Zhang, I have trouble _ the text.text.Remember _ it three times, and then you Remember _ it three times, and then you can understand it.ca

35、n understand it.A Ato understand; reading to understand; reading B Bunderstanding; readingunderstanding; readingC Cunderstanding; to read understanding; to read D Dto understand; to readto understand; to readC C专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词have trouble (in) doing sth.have trouble (in) doing sth.意为意为“做某事有困难做某

36、事有困难”；remember to do sth.remember to do sth.意为意为“记着去做某事记着去做某事”，表示事情还未做。，表示事情还未做。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()5.Why not watch TV at home?)5.Why not watch TV at home?Id love to, but my mother doesnt allow me Id love to, but my mother doesnt allow me _ that._ that.A Ado Bdo BdiddidC Cdoing Ddoing Dto do to

37、do D Dallow sb. to do sth.allow sb. to do sth.意为意为“允许某人做某事允许某人做某事”。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()6.What should I do, doctor?)6.What should I do, doctor?_ healthy, you should take more exercise._ healthy, you should take more exercise.A AKeep BKeep BKeepingKeepingC CTo keep DTo keep DHaving keptHaving kept

38、C C专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()7.His friend _ Tom is an excellent )7.His friend _ Tom is an excellent student.student.A Acalls Bcalls BcallingcallingC Ccalled Dcalled DcallcallC C这里过去分词作定语修饰这里过去分词作定语修饰his friendhis friend。故选。故选C C。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()8. )8. 20142014随州随州Mary was heard _ just Mary was

39、 heard _ just now. What happened?now. What happened?Joe was telling her some jokes.Joe was telling her some jokes.A Acry Bcry BlaughlaughC Cto laugh Dto laugh Dto cryto cryC Chear sb. do sth.hear sb. do sth.在变为被动语态时，在变为被动语态时，toto必须加上。故选必须加上。故选C C。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()9.Would you like _ some more

40、fish?)9.Would you like _ some more fish?No, thanks. I dont feel like _ anything No, thanks. I dont feel like _ anything now.now.A Ato have; to eat Bto have; to eat Bhaving; to eathaving; to eatC Cto have; eating Dto have; eating Dhaving; eatinghaving; eatingC Cwould likewould like后接动词不定式；后接动词不定式；fee

41、l likefeel like后接动名词。后接动名词。专题专题11 11 非谓语动词非谓语动词( ()10.Will you please give me some advice on )10.Will you please give me some advice on _ English at home?_ English at home?Well, do a lot of reading and listen to English Well, do a lot of reading and listen to English programs.programs.A Ahow to read

42、 Bhow to read Bhow to learnhow to learnC Cwhen to use Dwhen to use Dwhere to usewhere to useB B考查考查“疑问词不定式疑问词不定式”的用法。根据句意可知选的用法。根据句意可知选B B。p 经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量p Study Constantly, And You Will Know Everything. The More You Know, The More Powerful You Will Be写在最后谢谢大家荣幸这一路，与你同行ItS An Honor To Walk With You All The Way演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日