强调句ppt课件.ppt

1、强调句常用结构：常用结构： It is（was）+ 被强调部分+ that （who） + 句子的其余部分此结构强调的成分限于主语，宾语和状语。例如： It is from the sun that we get light and heat. 我们是从太阳那儿获取光和热。 It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 知道读了你的信，我才知道实际情形。典型例题典型例题1）It was last night _ I see the comet.A.the timeB.wh

2、en C.thatD.which答案C. 强调句的结构是： It +be +强调部分 + that （who）+ 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 who，其余用that。再如：原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语： It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调宾语： It was the experiment that my father di

3、d in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. （注意不用when） 强调地点： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 2）It is ten years _ Miss Green returned to Canada. A. thatB. when C. since D. as 答案C. 考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A.

4、that. 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉It be that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 It isthat，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因此本句不是强调句用助动词进行强调用助动词进行强调句子的强调句还可以用助动词do （did，does） 强调谓语。例如： She does like this horse.她的确喜欢这匹马。 Please do take care of yourself. 千万保重。What is / was 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，种结构中，is/ wa

5、s后面是强调的部分。后面是强调的部分。例如： 1）What hurts is my left leg. 2）What I like is her style. 倒装句部分倒装：部分倒装：将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1） 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从

6、未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell

7、asleep.典型例题：典型例题： 1）Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitte

8、d in the meeting-room at no time.2） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案D.看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思

9、就变了。以否定词开头作部分倒装以否定词开头作部分倒装如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than等，要倒装。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student ca

10、me to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。典型例题典型例题No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game beganB.has the game begunC. did the game begin D.had the game begun答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not onlybut （also）, no soonerthan, hardly w

11、hen scarcely when等等。注意：只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music。so, neither, nor作部分倒装作部分倒装 用这些词表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。例如：Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。If you wont go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。典型例题典型例题-Do you

12、 know Jim quarrelled with his brother?-I dont know, _.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also答案：B. nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去

13、踢球，我去了。 -Its raining hard.-So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。only在句首倒装的情况。在句首倒装的情况。例如： Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才

14、卧床休息。as, though 引导的倒装句引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如： Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。

15、其他部分倒装其他部分倒装 1） so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。典型例题：典型

16、例题：1）Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat isA. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know答案为D.否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。2）Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didnt realize D. I realize答案为B。3） Do you know Tom

17、bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。反意疑问句1）陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 arent I。例如： Im as tall as your sister, arent I? 我跟你姐一样高，对吗？2）陈述部分的谓

18、语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。例如：I wish to have a word with you, may I? 我想与你说句话，行吗？3）陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。例如： Some plants never blown （开花）, do they ? 有些植物从不开花，对吗？4）含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。例如： He ought to know wh

19、at to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 他应该知道该做什么，对吗？5）陈述部分有have to +v. （had to + v.），疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt +主语）。例如： We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? 我们要在明天早上八点到达那儿，是吗？6）陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。例如： He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? 他以前常在那儿拍照，是吗？7

20、）陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you? 例如： Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 你最好自己去读，好吗？8）陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。例如： He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 他宁可读十遍也不愿意背诵，是吗？9）陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。例如： Youd like to go with me, wouldnt

21、 you? 你想和我们一块去，对吗？10） 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。例如： He must be a doctor, isnt he? 他肯定是医生，是吗？ You must have studied English for three years, havent you? / didnt you? 你一定读过三年英语，对吗？ He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任务的，是吗？11） 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。例如： What colors, arent they? 多漂亮的颜色，

22、是吗？12） 陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 你不是工程师，我也不是，对吗？13） 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。例如： Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切就绪，是吗？14） 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况： a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。例如：Mr. Smith had been

23、 to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he? 史密斯先生曾几次去过北京，按理说他现在应该在中国，是吗？ b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定。例如： He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he? 他说他想去日本看看，他是那样说的吗？ c. 陈述部分主句为第一人称，谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。例如

24、： I dont think he is bright, is he? 我认为他并不聪明，是吗？ We believe she can do it better, cant she? 我们相信她能做得更好，她能吗？15） 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。例如： Everyone knows the answer, dont they?（does he?） 人人都知道答案，是这样吧？ Nobody knows about it, do they? （does he?） 没人

25、知道这件事，是吧？16） 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need （dare ） +主语。例如： We need not do it again, need we ? 我们不必重做一遍，是吗？ He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这样说，是吗？ 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。例如： She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家，是吗？17） 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。例如： Dont do that again,

26、 will you? 别再这样做，好吗？ Go with me, will you / wont you ? 跟我走吧，好吗？注意：Lets 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you? 例如： Lets go and listen to the music, shall we? 一起去听音乐，好吗？ Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? 你让我们在阅览室等你，好吗？18） 陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。例如： There is something

27、 wrong with your watch, isnt there? 你的表有问题，对不对？ There will not be any trouble, will there? 不会有麻烦吧，是吗？19） 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。例如： It is impossible, isnt it? 这不可能，是吗？ He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 他不会对他同学使坏，是吗？20） must在表推测时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。例如： He must be there now, isnt he? 他现在肯定在那儿

28、，是吧？ It must be going to rain tomorrow, wont it? 明天肯定要下雨，是吗？平行结构平行结构是连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构 并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both and, neither nor, either or, not only but (also), rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。 1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致 例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter. 例

29、2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later. 2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致 例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class. 例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories. 例3

30、：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here. 3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致 例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading. 例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper. 4.所连接的句子结构必须一致 例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have tol

31、d him. 例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us. 某些特定的固定结构某些特定的固定结构(1)有些词后要用平行结构。例如： prefer sth to sth prefer doing sth to doing sth prefer to do sth rather than do sth 1) I prefer rice to noodles. 2)I prefer watching TV to listening to music. 3) He preferred to die rather than surrender. (2)有些结构中要用平行结构。例如： would / had rather / sooner do something than do something, would / had as soon do something as do something (宁可也不) 1) Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up. 2) I would as soon stay at home as go. The End! Good Bye!