2015年宁波大学考研专业课试题861翻译与汉语A卷.pdf

1、 宁波大学宁波大学 2015 年攻读硕士学位研究生年攻读硕士学位研究生 入入 学学 考考 试试 试试 题题(A 卷卷) (答案必须写在答题纸上) 考试科目考试科目: 翻译与汉语翻译与汉语 科目代码：科目代码： 861 适用专业适用专业: 英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学 第 1 页 共 2 页 Part I Translation(100 points) Direction: This part consists of three passages. Translate passage 1 from English into Chines

2、e and passage 2 and 3 from Chinese into English. Passage 1: English- Chinese Translation. (50 points) Happy is the house that shelters a friend! It might well be built, like a festal bower or arch, to entertain him a single day. Happier, if he know the solemnity of that relation, and honor its law!

3、He who offers himself a candidate for that covenant comes up, like an Olympian, to the great games where the first-born of the world are the competitors. He proposes himself for contest where Time, Want, Danger, are in the lists, and he alone is victor who has truth enough in his constitution to pre

4、serve the delicacy of his beauty from the wear and tear of all these. The gifts of fortune may be present or absent, but all the hap in that contest depends on intrinsic nobleness and the contempt of trifles. There are two elements that go to the composition of friendship, each so sovereign that I c

5、an detect no superiority in either, no reason why either should be first named. One is Truth. A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere. Before him I may think aloud. I am arrived at last in the presence of a man so real and equal that I may drop even those undermost garments of dissimulation,

6、 courtesy, and second thought, which men never put off, and may deal with him with the simplicity and wholeness with which one chemical atom meets another. Sincerity is the luxury allowed, like diadems and authority, only to the highest rank, that being permitted to speak truth, as having none above

7、 it to court or conform unto. Every man alone is sincere. At the entrance of a second person, hypocrisy begins. We parry and fend the approach of our fellow man by compliments, by gossip, by amusements, by affairs. We cover up our thought from him under a hundred folds. I knew a man, who, under a ce

8、rtain religious frenzy, cast off this drapery, and omitting all compliment and commonplace, spoke to the conscience of every person he encountered, and that with great insight and beauty. At first he was resisted, and all men agreed he was mad. But persisting, as indeed he could not help doing, for

9、some time in this course, he attained to the advantage of bringing every man of his acquaintance into true relations with him. No man would think of speaking falsely with him, or of putting him off with any chat of markets or reading-rooms. But every man was constrained by so much sincerity to the l

10、ike plaindealing, and what love of nature, what poetry, what symbol of truth he had, he did certainly show him. But to most of us society shows not its face and eye, but its side and its back. To stand in true relations with men in a false age is worth a fit of insanity, is it not? We can seldom go

11、erect. Almost every man we meet requires some civility, requires to be humored; he has some fame, some talent, some whim of religion or philanthropy in his head that is not to be questioned, and which spoils all conversation with him. But a friend is a sane man who exercises not my ingenuity, but me

12、. My friend gives me entertainment without requiring any stipulation on my part. 宁波大学宁波大学 2015 年攻读硕士学位研究生年攻读硕士学位研究生 入入 学学 考考 试试 试试 题题(A 卷卷) (答案必须写在答题纸上) 考试科目考试科目: 翻译与汉语翻译与汉语 科目代码：科目代码： 861 适用专业适用专业: 英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学 第 2 页 共 2 页 Passage 2: Chinese - English Translation. (2

13、0 points) 当前，受气候环境变化和人类活动影响，湖泊生态系统正面临严峻考验，水质恶化，泥沙淤积，湿地萎缩，调蓄洪水能力降低，水生生物资源衰退，每年有 20 个天然湖泊“被死亡”。昔日可临水照影的碧波，不再清澈；鱼虾水鸟，失去赖以栖息的美丽家园；越来越多的“明珠”蒙尘，变成大地疮痍的“浊泪”。警钟已经敲响，长此下去，发展难以持续，“生命之源”终会枯竭。我们倡议：尊重湖泊，善待湖泊，保护湖泊，让生命之湖万古奔流、生生不息！ Passage 3: Chinese - English Translation. (30 points) 我很勇壮，因为我饱餐一切色彩；我很清醒，因为我畅饮一切光辉。

14、我为我的朋友们喜悦：他们所属望的我在这富有壮丽与优秀的大宇宙中了！ 水面上的一点日影渐与太阳的圆球相接而相合，迎之而去了，太阳不想留恋，谁也不能挽留；空虚的舞台上唯留光明的小云，在可羡的布景前闪烁，听满场的鼓掌。 月亮是何等的圆润啊，远胜珠玉，他已高升，而且已远比初出时明亮了。他照临我，投射我的影子到无尽远处，追上太阳。月光是太阳的返照，然而他自有风格，绝不与太阳同德性。凉风经过他的旁边，裙钗摇曳，而他的目光愈是清澈了。他柔抚万物，以灵魂分给他们，使各各自然的知道填入诗句，合奏他新成的曲调。此时唯有皎洁，唯有凉爽，从气中，从水上，缥缈宇内。这是安慰，这是休息。 Part II Chinese Proficiency Test (50 Points) 一、名词解释（一、名词解释（5 52=102=10） 1.书面语 2.变调 3.会意 4.副词 5.句群 二、简答题（二、简答题（5 54=204=20） 1.词义的性质 2.古词语在表达上的作用 3.语法的性质 4.标点符号的作用 5.写出以下繁体字的简体写法 （1）衆；（2）侖；（3）畢；（4）農 三、三、作文作文（1 120=2020=20） 请以“人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎”为题用现代汉语写一篇论说文。