优秀课件-四级辅导-翻译.ppt

1、四级翻译考点 1. 固定搭配 2. 核心语法1. 固定搭配例1：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.该题目有两个固定搭配考点：1)be likely to do sth ; 2) oweto /attributeto 答案：to attribute/ owe their childrens success to2. 核心语法 被动、虚拟语气、倒装结构、从句知识（名从、状从、定从）2. 核心语法考点：例12010-6 90It is suggested that the air c

2、onditioner _(要安装在窗户旁). 本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握。 (should) be fixed/installed by the window例2 Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either. 本题同样为典型的语法考点。考查倒装结构。 句首的Not only决定了倒装连接，下文用了过去时态，因此，这里需在he之前加did。 所以答案应该为did he overcharge me。解题方法 第一步：浏览句子、判定考点 第二步：判定动词、切块组合。以动词动词为切入点；先翻译主谓

3、宾，后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。2006年6月 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble_ (找到去历史博物馆的路). 解题步骤第一步：由he had no trouble .可以推出，划线处应该填写in doing sth第二步： 切块翻译。 “找到”= find， “路”=road/way， “去历史博古馆”= to the History Museum第三步：组合正确答案。finding the/his way to the History Museum同类考点： 2009-6 87

4、. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had _ (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English. difficulty /trouble (in) catching/ keeping up with his classmates.2010年6月 87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty _(集中注意力在实验上). (in) concentrating on the experiment focusing h

5、er attention on the experiment 2. _(为了挣钱供我上学), mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 解题步骤: 第一步：由, mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 可以推出，划线处应该填写状语成分，整个句子时态是一般现在时态。 第二步：1.切块对应翻译： “为了赚钱”= in order to earn/make money， “供我上学”=for my education/tuition， 2.组合： 正确答案：In or

6、der to make/earn money for my tuition To earn money for my education; To earn money for my schooling; In order to make money to finance my education; In order to make money to fund my education; In order to earn money to afford my education考点链接：2010-12 87. _(为了确保他参加会议), I called him up in advance. I

7、n order to ensure him to attend the meeting To ensure his attendance at the meeting 4.The more you explain, _ (我愈糊涂). 第一步：由The more you explain, .可以推出，划线处应该填写固定搭配，构成the more-, the more的结构形式。 第二步： 1.切块对应翻译： “糊涂”= be confused(注意比较级)；“我”=I 2.重新组合：the more confused I am. 5.Though a skilled worker, _(他被公

8、司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis. 第一步：由Though a skilled worker, last week because of the economic crisis.可以推出，划线处应该补全完整主句，时态由last week确定为一般过去时态。 第二步： 1.切块翻译： “解雇”= be fired(注意被动)； “他”=he； “公司”=company 2.重新组合： 正确答案：he was fired by his company2006.12 1.Specialists in intercultural studie

9、s say that it is not easy to_ (适应不同文化中的生活). 第一步：由it is not easy to可以推出，划线处应该接动词原形。 核心谓语动词是“适应”，“不同文化的”作定语，“生活”作宾语。 第2步： 1.切块对应翻译： “适应”=adapt to; adapt oneself to； “生活”=life； “不同文化的”=different cultures 2.重新组合：adapt oneself to the life in different cultures 2.Since my childhood I have found that_(没有什么

10、比读书对我更有吸引力). 解题步骤:第一步：由Since my childhood I have found that可以推出，划线处应该填写一个句子，时态需要根据后面的汉语意思作进一步的确定。 第2步：1.切块对应翻译： “比-更有吸引力”= be more attractive to sb， “没有什么”=nothing， “读书”=reading， “对我”=for/to me。 2.重新组合：nothing is more attractive to me than reading 正确答案：nothing is more attractive to me than reading语法

11、讲解：“虚拟语气” 应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式： 第一种：由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子 1.与现在的事实相反：If - + were/did-, - + would do- 如果我爸是李刚，我想撞谁撞谁。 If my father were Li Gang, I would collide with anyone I like. 2.与过去的事实相反：If - + had done-, - +would have done- 如果我生于比尔盖茨家族，我将会买好几辆公交车。 If I had been born in Bill Gates, I would have bought sever

12、al buses as my private cars. 3.与将来的事实可能相反：If -+ should/were to do-, -+ would do- 假如世界末日在2012年到来，我会 If the doomsday were to come in 2012, I would 3.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 第一步：由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句

13、形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。 第2步：1.切块对应翻译： “本来有机会-”= would have a chance to do sth， “活下来”=survive 2.重新组合：would have had a chance to survive. 正确答案：would have had/stood a chance to survive/of survival考点链接 2009-6： 88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (

14、就不会被大雨淋湿了). wouldnt have been caught by the rain 2009-12： 87. You would not have failed if you _ (按照我的指令去做) had followed my instructions/orders第二种：表要求、建议、命令的名词性从句 从句形式为：“-(should ) + do sth 如： require, suggest, order, propose, demand, command, request, 考点链接 3.The professor required that _ (我们交研究报告)b

15、y Wednesday. 正确答案：we (should) hand in （submit） our research reports2010年12月 91. They requested that _(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday. books I borrowed should be returned to the library I should return books I borrowed to the library 第三种： It is +名词/形容词/被动+that sb should do 第四种： It is time that we ended th

16、is class. 4.Some psychologists claim that people_ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独). 解题步骤:第一步：由Some psychologists claim that people.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句时态用一般现在时。 第2步：1.切块对应翻译： “可能会感到”= may feel，“孤独”=lonely， “出门在外时”be away from home. 2.重新组合：may feel lonely when they are away from home. 5.The nations populatio

17、n continues to rise _(以每年1200万人的速度). at a speed of 12 million per year2007年6月份 1. The finding of this study failed to _ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). take peoples sleep quality into account/consideration 2. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _ (我们可以合作的领域). the field （where）we can cooperate the field in which

18、 we can cooperate 定语从句考点 2008-12： 87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems (他们至今还没有答案) that they havent found answers to 2008-6： 90. _ (与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting. Compared with (the place) where I grew up 89. Because of the leg injury, the a

19、thlete_ (决定退出比赛). decided to quit the match 4. To make donations or for more information, please _ (按以下地址和我们联系). 该句的后半部分是由please祈使句，please后面应该跟原形动词。 与某人联系一般用contact表达，介词at与其一起构成介宾短语，修饰contact contact us at the following address 5. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _(如果你方便的话). 本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语

20、从句， “你方便的话” if it is convenient for you at your convenience2007年12月份 87._（多亏了一系列的新发明），doctors can treat this disease successfully. 此句翻译关键：“多亏了” thanks to owing to 由于 because of due to Thanks to/Owing to a series of new inventions 88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _（我比以前更容易累了）. 固定表达：倾向于

21、Be inclined to I am more inclined to get / become /be tired than before 89. I am going to purchase this course,_（无论我要作出什么样的牺牲）. 难点: “无论”， no matter what 做出牺牲 make sacrifice , no matter what kind of sacrifice I will make.No matter what & whatever No matter what:只引导让步状语从句, 不引导名词性从句 No matter when/ why

22、/ who / where No matter when Im unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up. Whatever 既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。 如：I always like sleeping with windows open，whatever the season is. 无论什么季节，我都喜欢开窗户睡觉。（让步状语从句） Whatever was said here must be kept secret. （主语从句） No matter what was said here, it must be kept secr

23、et. 我们在这儿说的无论什么都必须保密。 （名词性从句 ）让步状语考点链接 2008-6 89. Leaving ones job, _ (不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. 第一步：待译内容是让步状语(从句)。“不管是什么”可以译作no matter what或whatever。 切分组合： no matter what job it is whatever job it is no matter what the job is 90. I would prefer sh

24、opping online to shopping in a department store because_（它更加方便和省时）. “它” “it” the former / latter the former is more convenient and time-saving. Convenience inconvenience Time-wasting time-consuming 91. Many Americans live on credit, 和 their quality of life_（是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的），not how much they can earn

25、. 衡量：measure/ is measured by how much they can borrow.2008年6月 87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research_(能应用于新技术的开发). 固定搭配和被动语态 “apply to” can be applied to the development of the new technology 88. I cant boot my computer now. Something_ (一定出了毛病) with its operating system. 【解析】本题考

26、查情态动词的使用。待译内容是谓语。must be后接形容词名词时多表示肯定的猜测。“出毛病”常用的表达是be wrong with 91. _ (直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. 解析：1. 待译内容是时间状语，由于动作发生在主句谓语之前，应该用过去完成时。 2. “完成使命”可译作accomplish/completed/finish/fulfill ones mission。 “直到(才)”译作not until。主句部分采用了倒装结构 (did he)。 故状语从句应将否定词Not置于句首。表示“直到”的not until

27、放在句首时，两个词不分开。 Not until he had finished/fulfilled his mission半倒装考点链接 2010-06 88.The manager never laughed; neither _(她也从来没有发过脾气) did she become angry did she lose her temper before. 2008年年12月四级真题月四级真题 88. (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children. What most parents are

28、concerned about “所字结构”链接 90. (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular. What many people dont realize所字结构：2010-12 90. _(给游客印象最深的) was the friendliness and warmth of the local people. What impressed tourists the most 89.Youd better take a sweater with you (以防天气变冷) in

29、 case it turns cold 90.Throught the project, many people have received training and _(决定自己创业) decided to start their own business 91.the anti-virus agent was not known (直到一名医生偶然发现了它) until it was accidentally found by a doctor 2009年年6月四级真题月四级真题 89. It is said that those who are stressed or working o

30、vertime are _(更有可能增加体重). more likely to put on weight 91.The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is _ (与缺乏锻炼密切相关). closely related to the lack of exercise2009年年12月份四级翻译月份四级翻译 88. Despite the hardship he encountered. Mark never_(放弃对知识的追求) . gave up pursuing knowledge 89. Scientist

31、s agrees that it will be a long time (我们找到治愈癌症的方法) before we find the methods of curing cancers before we find the cure for cancer 90. Production has to be increased considerably to (与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步) keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers keep up with the constantly growing ne

32、eds of consumers 89.We look forward to _(被邀请出席开幕式) being invited to attend the opening ceremony2010年年06月份四级翻译月份四级翻译 91. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite _(她父母的强烈反对). the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents strong opposition. 2010年12月翻译 88. The magnificent museum _(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago. is said to have been built 89. There would be no life on earth _(没有地球独特的环境). without its unique environment but for its unique environment 结课语没有失败，只有放弃。只要提高，永远不晚。只要改变，就有空间。