2016年南京航空航天大学考研专业课试题246二外英语.pdf

1、科目代码：246 科目名称：英语 第 1 页 共 6 页 南京航空航天大学南京航空航天大学2016 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题（ A 卷 ） 2016 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题（ A 卷 ） 科目代码: 246 科目名称: 英语 满分: 100 分 注意: 认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无 认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！效；本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 points) Dir

2、ections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. 1. I would like to have a talk with him _ his convenience. A. in B. at C. for D. with 2. Id rather you _ those important

3、documents with you. A. dont take B. didnt take C. wont take D. not take 3. If a couple are divorced and their child lives with his mother, he is said to suffer from lack of _ love. A. maternal B. fraternal C. paternal D. parental 4. If English is not our first language you can often be puzzled by wa

4、ys of expression that the native speaker of English does not even have to _. A. think out B. think about C. think over D. think for 5. If it _ too much trouble, Id love a cup of tea. A. isnt B. wasnt C. werent D. hadnt been 6. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _ in the cou

5、rtyard. A. converge B. assemble C. crowd D. accumulate 7. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1995, the housing problems now in some parts of the country _ so serious. A. wouldnt be B. wouldnt have been C. will not be D. would have not been 8. If Tom wins tomorrow, he _ thir

6、ty races in the past four years. A. will win B. has won C. would have won D. will have won 9. If we believe something is good and true we should _ to it. A. hold up B. keep on C. hold on D. keep up 10. If you _ James, ask him to phone me. A. should see B. must see C. might see D. would see 11. If yo

7、u are required to do some work, it must be done _. A. sooner or later B. after all others C. at last D. in the long run 12. If you know what the trouble is, why you dont help them to _ the situation? A. simplify B. modify C. verify D. rectify 13. Im sorry, but what he thinks is not of the _ importan

8、t to me. A. worthy B. valuable C. valueless D. priceless 14. Im sure your suggestion will _ the problem. A. contribute to solving B. be contributed to solve C. contribute to solve D. be contributed to solving 15. Im very much obliged to you _ the information. A. on B. for C. with D. of 科目代码：246 科目名称

9、：英语 第 2 页 共 6 页 16. In American universities, classes are often arranged in more flexible _ and many jobs on campus are reserves for students. A. scales B. ranks C. grades D. patterns 17. In Beijing, the season of the year is probably _ fall. A. later B. last C. latter D. late 18. In spite of the wi

10、de range of reading material specially written or _ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic program for the reading skills. A. adapted B. acknowledged C. assembled D. appointed 19. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly _ if the invitation to a dinn

11、er party is extended only three or four days before the party date. A. admired B. regarded C. expected D. worshipped 20. In that country, students will be _ admittance to their classroom if they are not properly dressed. A. declined B. deprived C. denied D. deserted II. Reading Comprehension (30 poi

12、nts) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice. Passage 1 A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than that is possible to learn in general history classes. Mos

13、t typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ances

14、tors- or of people very different from our own - can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than that can be found in most history books. In history books, objective information about the p

15、olitical life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly “political” artist. In his well-known paint

16、ing The Third of May 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picassos Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente O

17、rozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros - as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martines - depicted these Mexican artists deep anger and sadness about social problems. In the same way, art can reflect a cultures religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of

18、art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldnt read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in

19、 the Middle East was (and still is ) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic (伊斯兰教的） belief that statues are unholy (不神圣的）. 21. From passage One, we know that _. A. art history reveals a peoples religious and emotional life as well as its political views and psychology B. g

20、eneral history provides us with information about everyday life of ancient people C. general history gives us an insight into the basic situations of a time and a place D. art history regards politics as an unworthy topic 22. Art is subjective in that it _. A. records what people felt and thought at

21、 a particular time 科目代码：246 科目名称：英语 第 3 页 共 6 页 B. expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place C. often gives us a better understanding of our history D. often presents the subjective message about the political life of a country 23. It may be concluded from this passage that _. A. Islam

22、ic artists painted images on church walls as a way of teaching B. war was not one of the topics art history addressed C. Europeans respected images of biblical figures D. for some time in Europe, art was the only way to understand religion 24. According to the passage, what can be usually found in a

23、 truly “political” artists work? A. His criticism to the religious beliefs of his country. B. His explanation about the political values of his country. C. His dissatisfaction to wars, his government or social problems. D. His concern about the daily life of the poor in his country. 25. The passage

24、mainly discusses _. A. the difference between general history and art history B. the value of art history in understanding history C. the importance of artists in art history D. the importance of art in religion Passage 2 Of all the components of a good nights sleep, dreams seem to be least within o

25、ur control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as

26、 just “mental noise”- the random byproducts of the neural repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events

27、can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “Its your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicagos Medical Center, “if you dont like it, change it.” The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in

28、Cartwrights clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we dont always think about th

29、e emotional significance of the days events - until appears, we begin to dream. And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you

30、 would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. At the end of the day, theres probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleep

31、ing or “we wake up in panic”. Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased peoples anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings

32、. Sleep- or rather dream-on it and youll feel better in the morning. 26.By saying that “dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat,( Par.1) the researchers mean that _. A. we can think logically in the dreams too B. dreams can be brought under conscious control C. dreams represent our unconsc

33、ious desires and fears 科目代码：246 科目名称：英语 第 4 页 共 6 页 D. dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stable 27. What did Cartwright find in her clinic? A. Most bad dreams were followed by happier ones. B. Divorced couples usually have more bad dreams. C. Ones dreaming process is related to his emot

34、ion. D. People having negative feelings dream more often. 28. Cartwright believed with much practice，we can learn to _. A. control what dreams to dream B. sleep well without any dreams C. wake up in time to stop the bad dreams D. identify what is upsetting about the dreams 29. The author points out

35、that a person who has constant bad dreams should _ A. learn to control his dreams B. consult a doctor C. sleep and dream on it D. get rid of anxiety first 30. The author most probably thinks that controlling dreams is _. A. a good practice B. a new discovery C. helpful for everyone D. not essential

36、for everyone Passage 3 People who spend their days glued to networking websites such as Facebook and Twitter are more likely to be depressed, a new U.K. study has revealed. A team of researchers at the University of Leeds have conducted the first large-scale survey of its kind to find a link between

37、 the Internet and depression. “The Internet now plays a huge part in modern life, but its benefits are accompanied by a darker side,” said psychologist Catriona Morrison, lead author of the study, which is published in the journal Psychopathology Today. The survey was administered online, with adver

38、ts place on social-networking sites, and 1,319 people took the tests. Participants were asked to answer questions in an Internet Addiction Test. Internet Function Test ( to see what people use the Internet for most) and the Beck Depression Inventory. Morrison and her team found that 18 respondents w

39、ere “Internet addicted”. When matched against not-addicted Internet users within the survey, the difference in depression ratings was significant; the addicts showed higher levels of depression than their non-addicted counterparts. In addition, the team found a correlation between the type of sites

40、visited and the level of user addition. According to the study, Internet addicts spent more time on “gaming websites and online community/ chat”, whereas the non-addicted group perused (浏览) a wider range of site. But Morrison acknowledged some caveats (为防止误解而作的说明) to the study. The Internet Addictio

41、n Test, although a useful tool in studying this modern age addiction, is not a foolproof method of diagnosis. New tests incorporating (包含) measures of social isolation and loneliness may provide a more accurate measure to continue in this area. “What is clear”, said Morrison, “is that for a small su

42、bset of people, excessive use of the Internet could be a warning signal for depressive tendencies.” The study also leaves many questions unanswered. Having found a correlation, future studies may try to determine the cause. Do people become depressed because they are addicted to the Internet or turn

43、 to the Internet because theyre depressed? Morrison hopes future studies of Internet users will help define what this link might be. “We now need to consider the wider societal implications of this relationship and confirm clearly the effects of excessive Internet use on mental health.” 科目代码：246 科目名

44、称：英语 第 5 页 共 6 页 31. What can we know from a new U.K. study? A. The use of the Internet has little to do with depression. B. The Internet is mainly used to communicate with others in our daily life. C. People addicted to social networking sites are more easily to be depressed. D. The disadvantages o

45、f Internet use are much more than the benefits of it. 32. What information can be got about the Internet Function Test from the passage? A. Its purpose is to show what effect the Internet has on peoples life. B. Its aim is to see what the Internets most common use is for people. C. It is published i

46、n the journal Psychopathology Today. D. It is greatly welcomed by most of adolescents parents. 33. According to the study, which group of people are more easily addictive to the Internet? A. Those who have the depressive tendencies. B. Those spending more time chatting online. C. Those who work depe

47、nding on computers D. Those browsing a wide range of websites. 34. The word “foolproof”(Para 7) is the closest in meaning to _. A. common B. unique C. deceptive D. accurate 35. What can be inferred from what Morrison says in the last sentence of the passage? A. It is clear that excessive Internet us

48、e leads to some peoples depression. B. There are some other societal reasons leading to peoples depression. C. The impact of excessive Internet use on mental health is not clearly verified yet. D. It is very hard to define the correlation between depression and Internet use. Passage 4 Scholars and s

49、tudents have always been great travelers. “Academic mobility” is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, and debated in the areas of Europe, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in sear

50、ch of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold. Mobility of this kind also means mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, their simultaneous impact upon many groups of peopl