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类型2018年南京航空航天大学考研专业课试题211翻译硕士英语.pdf

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    1、科目代码:211 科目名称:翻译硕士英语 第 1 页 共 7 页 南京航空航天大学南京航空航天大学2018 年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题( A 卷 ) 2018 年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题( A 卷 ) 科目代码: 211 科目名称: 翻译硕士英语 满分: 100 分 注意: 认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无 认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!效;本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 poi

    2、nts) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1.Sincethecouplewouldnot_theirdifferences,theydecidedtogetadivor

    3、ce. A.resign B.comply C.coincide D.reconcile2.Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt_lonely. A.everythingbut B.allbut C.anythingbut D.nothingbut3.Ifeachmanagermakeshisusualspeech,themeetingwillbe_about45minutes. A.exceeded B.delayed C.prolonged D.expanded4.Theboysfathersaid,“

    4、Youlllearnwhatdisciplineislikewhenyougointothearmy.Youcantdoasyoulikethere,youknow,youhaveto_.” A.toetheline B.stayinthering C.runtherace D.keepyourguardup5.Ifprofitandmoneyareyourfirst_,andcommitmenttopeopleyourleastconcern,youhavefailededucation. A.potentiality B.priority C.superiority D.responsib

    5、ility6.Herstubbornness_herinrelationshipswithotherpeople. A.prevailed B.prohibited C.hindered D.forbade7.Sofarashecould,Johnhadalwaystriedto_theexamplehesawinLincoln. A.liveupto B.setforth C.callfor D.cutout8.WithsufficientscientificinformationamannedtriptoMarsshouldbe_. A.obtainable B.potential C.c

    6、onsiderable D.feasible9.Thenewsafetyregulationswereagreedonafter_withtheworkforce. A.conference B.participation C.intervention D.consultation10.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;soIlltellyouaboutit_. A.indetail B.inbelief C.inshort D.inall11._menhavelearnedmuchfromthebehaviorofanimalsisnotnew. A.That B.Those C

    7、.What D.Whether12.Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhe_then. A.wouldhavebeenhere B.hadtobehere C,shouldbehere D.wouldbehere13.Thesecondbookwas_byAugust1952,buttwoyearslater,theendwasstillnowhereinsight. A.completed B.tohavecompleted C.tocomplete D.tohavebeencompleted14.Onlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice_.科目代码

    8、:211 科目名称:翻译硕士英语 第 2 页 共 7 页 A.washeabletomakehimselfhear B.hewasabletomakehimselfhear C.hewasabletomakehimselfheard D.washeabletomakehimselfheard15.Havingnomoneybut_toknow,hesimplysaidhewouldgowithoutdinner. A.nottowantanyone B.notwantinganyone C.wantnoone D.towantnoone16.Peoplewhorefuseto_withthel

    9、awwillbepunished. A.obey B.consent C.conceal D.comply17.Theseexcursionswillgiveyouaneverdeeper_intoourlanguageandculture. A.inquiry B.investigation C.input D.insight18.Everysocietyhasitsownpeculiarcustomsand_ofacting. A.ways B.behavior C.attitudes D.means19.Ifapersontalksabouthisweakpoints,hislisten

    10、erisexpectedtosaysomethinginthewayof_. A.assurance B.persuasion C.encouragement D.confirmation20.Chinastarteditsnuclearpowerindustryonlyinrecentyears,andshould_notimeincatchingup. A.delay B.lose C.lag D.lessenII. Reading Comprehension (30 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each p

    11、assage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage1ThereportfromtheBureauofLabourStatisticswasjustasgloomyasanticipated.Unemployme

    12、ntinJanuaryjumpedtoa16yearhighof7.6percent,as598,000jobswereslashedfromUSpayrollsintheworstsinglemonthdeclinesinceDecember,1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,thereisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.ButWashingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.C

    13、ollectively,werelyontheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofanarrayofdatathatweusetoassessifweredoingwellordoingbadly,andthatinturnshapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporatebudgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsarentanobjectivemeasure

    14、ofreality;theyaresimplyabestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisamyth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthemoredifficult.First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60,000homes.Thereis

    15、anothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthe“payrollsurvey”thatassesses400,000businessesbasedontheirreportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydoublecountsomeone:ifyouareonepersonwithtwojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesntcapturethenumberofselfemployed,andsosayslitt

    16、leabouthowmanypeoplearegeneratinganindependentincome.Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly,peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthesubjectissex,moneyoremployment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyoureemployed,andyousayyes,youreemployed.Ifyousayno,however,itmaysurpriseyoutolearnthatyou

    17、areonlyunemployedifyouvebeenactivelylookingforworkinthepastfourweeks;otherwise,youare“marginallyattachedtothelabourforce”andnotactuallyunemployed.Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinoursociety.Buttheideathatstatisticianscanthencapturean科目代码:211 科目名称:翻译硕士英语 第 3 页 共 7 页 objectiverealityisntjustimpossible.Ita

    18、lsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicanscanandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,butamorecrucialconcernisthatbotharebasingmajorpolicydecisionsonguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofrawdatawithacriticaleyeandanopenmind.21.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstpassage? A.TheUSeconomicsituationisg

    19、oingfrombadtoworse. B.Washingtonistakingdrasticmeasurestoprovidemorejobs. C.TheUSgovernmentisslashingmorejobsfromitspayrolls. D.TherecenteconomiccrisishastakentheUSbysurprise.22.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatistics? A.Theyformasolidbasisforpolicymaking C.Theysignalfuturee

    20、conomictrends B.Theyrepresentthecurrentsituation. D.Theydofullyreflectthereality.23.Oneproblemwiththepayrollsurveyisthat_. A.itdoesnotincludeallthebusinesses C.itmagnifiesthenumberofthejobless B.itfailstocountintheselfemployed D.itdoesnottreatallcompaniesequally24.Thehouseholdsurveycanbefaultyinthat

    21、_. A.peopletendtoliewhentalkingonthephone B.noteverybodyiswillingorreadytorespond C.somepeoplewontprovidetruthfulinformation D.thedefinitionofunemploymentistoobroad25.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorsuggeststhat_. A.statisticiansimprovetheirdataassemblingmethods B.decisionmakersviewthestatisticswithac

    22、riticaleye C.politicianslistenmorebeforemakingpolicydecisions D.DemocratsandRepublicanscooperateoncrucialissues.Passage2Afewyearsback,thedecisiontomovetheBarnes,arespectedAmericanartinstitution,fromitscurrentlocationinthesuburbantownofMerion,Pa.,toasiteinPhiladelphiasmuseumdistrictcausedanargumentno

    23、tonlybecauseitshamelesslywentagainstthewillofthefounder,AlbertC.Barnes,butalsobecauseitthreatenedtodismantlearelationshipamongart,architectureandlandscapecriticaltotheBarnesssuccessasamuseum.Foranyarchitecttakingonthechallengeofthenewspace,theconfusionofmoralanddesignquestionsmightseemoverwhelming.W

    24、hatisanarchitectsresponsibilitytoBarnessvisionofamarvelousbutoddcollectionofearlyModernartworkshousedinarambling1920sBeauxArtspile?Isitpossibletoreproduceitsspiritinsuchachangedsetting?OrdoestryingtoreplicatetheBarnessuniqueatmosphereonlydoomyoutofailure?TheanswersoftheNewYorkarchitectstakingthecomm

    25、issionarenotreassuring.ThenewBarneswillincludemanyofthefeaturesthathavebecomevirtuallymandatoryinthemuseumworldtodayconservationandeducationdepartments,temporaryexhibitionspace,auditorium,bookstore,cafmakingitfourtimesthesizeoftheoldBarnes.Thearchitectshavetriedtocompensateforthisbylaying out these

    26、spaces in an elaborate architectural procession that is clearly intended to replicate thepeacefulness,ifnotthefantasticcharm,oftheoldmuseum.Buttheresultisacomplicateddesign.Almosteverydetailseemstoachefromthestrainoftryingtopreservethespiritoftheoriginalbuildinginaverydifferentcontext.Thefailuretodo

    27、so,despitesuchanearnesteffort,isthestrongestargumentyetforwhytheBarnesshouldnotbemovedinthefirstplace.科目代码:211 科目名称:翻译硕士英语 第 4 页 共 7 页 TheoldBarnesisbynomeansanobviousmodelforagreatmuseum.Insidethelightingisfarfromperfect, and the collection itself, mixing masterpieces by Cezanne, Picasso and Soutin

    28、e with secondratepaintingsbylesserknownartists,hasadistinctlyoddflavor.ButtheseapparentflawsarealsowhathavemadetheBarnesoneofthecountrysmostcharmingexhibitionspaces.ButtodaythenewBarnesisafteradifferentkindofaudience.Althoughmuseumofficialssaytheexistinglimitsoncrowdsizewillbekept,itisclearlymeantto

    29、drawbiggernumbersandmoretouristsdollars.Formostvisitorstherelationshiptotheartwillfeellessimmediate.26.TheOldBarnesbecomesasuccessfulmuseummainlybecauseof_. A.thebeneficialgeographicalpositioninasuburbantown B.itsuniquedesignandorderlycollectionofarts C.theinfluenceofitsfounderAlbertC.Barnes D.thepe

    30、rfectconnectionamongart,architectureandlandscape27.ThebiggestchallengearchitectsfaceinbuildingthenewBarnesis_. A.theethicalanddesignproblems B.thedifficultytoretainitsoriginalpeacefulness C.thelackofconfidenceinundertakingthetask D.thedifficultytoputalltheartworksinasmallerspace28.Accordingtothepass

    31、age,thenewBarneswill_. A.becompletelythesameastheoldone C.bechangedintoanarteducationcenter B.takeupmorespacethantheoldone D.beforcedtobemoderninappearance29.WhydoestheauthoropposetorelocatetheBarnes? A.Therelocationmeansdisrespecttothepersonwhorunsit. B.Architecturescomplicateddesignwillmakethemuse

    32、umcharmless. C.ThespiritoftheoldBarneswillbegoneinadifferentplace. D.ThemultiplefunctionsofthenewBarneswilldestroythecollection.30.WhatdoweknowabouttheoldBarnesfromthefifthparagraph? A.Itisafoodexampleofthegreatmodernmuseums. B.Itisdowngradedbythemixtureofdifferentpaintings. C.Theworldfamouspainters

    33、worksmakeitacharmingplace. D.Itistheseemingimperfectionthatmakesitattractive.Passage3Forme,scientificknowledgeisdividedintomathematicalsciences,naturalsciencesorsciencesdealingwith the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind (psychology,sociology,allthesci

    34、encesofculturalachievements,everykindofhistoricalknowledge).Apartfromthesesciencesisphilosophy,aboutwhichwewilltalklater.Inthefirstplace,allthisispureortheoreticalknowledge,soughtonlyforthepurposeofunderstanding,inordertofulfilltheneedtounderstandwhatisintrinsicandconsubstantialtoman.Whatdistinguish

    35、esmanfromanimalisthatheknowsandneedstoknow.Ifmandidnotknowthattheworldexisted,andthattheworldwasofacertainkind,thathewasintheworldandthathehimselfwasequallynecessaryformanandareofthegreatestimportance,becausetheyalsocontributetodefininghimasmanandpermithimtopursuealifeincreasinglymoretrulyhuman.Bute

    36、venwhileenjoyingtheresultsoftechnicalprogress,hemustdefendtheprimacyandautonomyofpureknowledge.Knowledgesoughtdirectlyforitspracticalapplicationswillhaveimmediateandforeseeablesuccess,butnotthekindofimportantresultwhoserevolutionaryscopeisinlargepartunforeseen,exceptbytheimaginationoftheUtopians.Let

    37、merecallawellknownexample.IftheGreenmathematicianshadnot科目代码:211 科目名称:翻译硕士英语 第 5 页 共 7 页 appliedthemselvestotheinvestigationofconicsections(圆锥曲线),zealouslyandwithouttheleastsuspicionthatitmightsomedaybeuseful,itwouldnothavebeenpossiblecenturieslatertonavigatefarfromshore.Thefirstmentostudythenatureo

    38、felectricitycouldnotimaginethattheirexperiments,carriedonbecauseofmere intellectual curiosity,would eventually lead tomodern electrical technology, withoutwhich we canscarcelyconceiveofcontemporarylife.Pureknowledgeisvaluableforitsownsake,becausethehumanspiritcannotresignitselftoignorance.But,inaddi

    39、tion,itisthefoundationforpracticalresultsthatwouldnothavebeenreachedifthisknowledgehadnotbeensoughtdisinterestedly.31.Themostimportantadvancesmadebymankindcomefrom_. A.technicalapplications B.apparentlyuselessinformation C.thenaturalsciences D.philosophy32.Theauthordoesnotincludeamongthesciencesthes

    40、tudyof_. A.chemistry B.astronomy C.economics D.anthropology33.Intheparagraphthatfollowsthispassage,wemayexpecttheauthortodiscuss_. A.thevalueoftechnicalresearch B.thevalueofpureresearch C.philosophy D.scientificfoundations34.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressedtheideasofthispassageis_. A.TechnicalProgress

    41、 B.ALittleLearningIsaDangerousThing C.MansDistinguishingCharacteristics D.LearningforItsOwnSake35.Thepracticalscientist_. A.knowsthevalueofwhathewilldiscover B.isinterestedintheunknown C.knowsthattheworldexists D.conceivesofcontemporarylife Passage4Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocour

    42、tforshoplifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3000000sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.ThisamountstosomethinglikeHK$150millionayear,andrepresentsabout4percentoftheshopstotalstock.Asaresultofthis“shrinkage”astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.Shoplifterscanbedividedintothreemaincatego

    43、ries:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeople who just cant help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the storedetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevision,twowaymirrorsandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhigh

    44、valuegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshoplifting.Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhois,sotospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.Therealprob

    45、lemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlawbidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofshoplifterisrarelypoor.Hedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthem.Hestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseo

    46、fage,sicknessorplainabsentmindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.Whencaught,allareliabletoprosecutionandthedecisionwhethertosendforthepoliceornotisinthehandsofthestoremanager.Inordertopreventthequiteincrediblegrowthinshopliftingoffences,somestores,infact,aredoingtheirbesttoseparatet

    47、hethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemis,perhaps,thatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itisthe科目代码:211 科目名称:翻译硕士英语 第 6 页 共 7 页 aircrafthijacksi

    48、tuationinanotherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999999passengersmustsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyearstimewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabodysearcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!36.

    49、Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops? A.Thereis“shrinkage”inmarketvalues. B.Manygoodsarenotavailable. C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety D.Therearemanycasesofshoplifting37.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey_. A.arementallyill B.arequiteabsentminded C.cannotresistthetem

    50、ptation D.cannotaffordtopayforgoods38.Accordingtothepassage,lawabidingcitizens_. A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings39.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutth

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