英美国家概况-ppt课件.ppt

1、LOGO1ppt课件ContentsGeographyIPeopleIIThe English LanguageIII2ppt课件I Geographyv1. Geographical Featurev2. Climatev3. Major Cities3ppt课件Map of the UKRead the map to find:Atlantic Ocean North SeaIrish Sea The English Channel (The Channel Tunnel )The Republic of Ireland4ppt课件GeographyThe official title o

2、f the UK the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandThe UK is made up of:v Great Britain (the formerly separate England and Scotland, and Wales. ) v Northern Irelandv Numerous smaller islandsTitle and Make up of the UK5ppt课件Location and territoryLocation of the UK: The mainland areas li

3、e between latitudes 49N and 61N and longitudes 8W to 2ETotal territory: 242,910 square kilometersNo one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.6ppt课件TopographyNorthern Ireland: Its mostly hilly. Wales: Its mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid Wales

4、. Scotland: Its geography is varied, with lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west. England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the north-west, north and south-west. Ben Nevis in Scotland the highest point in UK7ppt课件Rivers and Lakesv The longe

5、st river: Severn River (354 kilometers long)v The second longest river: Thames (332 kilometers long) v The largest Lake: Lough NeaghThames8ppt课件Lake District9ppt课件Lake poetsI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud -William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all a

6、t once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in s

7、prightly dance.10ppt课件Lake poetsThe waves beside them danced; but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gay,In such a jocund company:I gazed-and gazed-but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They f

8、lash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.11ppt课件2. ClimateMain characteristics: Temperate, with warm summers, cold winters and plenty rainfallThree major features: v Winter fog v Rainy daysv Instability/changeability

9、12ppt课件3. Major Cities LondonThe River Thamesv the capital of England and of Great Britainv the political center of the Commonwealthv a major portv one of the worlds leading banking and financial centers. 13ppt课件 Landmarks & Symbols of London The palace of Westminster14ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of Lo

10、ndonWestminster AbbeyBig Ben15ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of LondonSt. Pauls Cathedral 16ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of LondonHyde ParkTower of London17ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of LondonTower Bridge Buckingham Palace18ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of LondonLondon Eye19ppt课件Major CitiesEdinburgh v Capital of Sc

11、otlandv administrative, financial, legal, medical and insurance center of Scotlandv beautiful scenery v renowned architecture20ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of EdinburghEdinburgh CastlePalace of Holyrood21ppt课件Major CitiesCardiff v Europes youngest capital cityv has been the capital city of Wales for aro

12、und 50 yearsv home to an enormous amount of urban regeneration and restoration v has recently become one of the most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom.22ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of CardiffCardiff City Hall23ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of CardiffMillennium StadiumCardiff Castle 24ppt课件Major Citie

13、sBelfast City Hallv the second largest city v capital of Northern Irelandv an important historic city25ppt课件Landmarks & Symbols of BelfastBelfast Castle26ppt课件 II People Overall population: over 60 millionsDistribution:v England: about 50 millionv Scotland:over 5 millionv Wales: around 3 millionv No

14、rthern Ireland: about 1.7million27ppt课件Ethnicityv The majority of this population are descendents of the Anglo-Saxons v Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendents of the Celtic people v The Irish people were also Celtic in originv immigrants 28ppt课件Percentage of total UK Population Ethinc Gro

15、ups of totalv White British 85.7%v White Irish 1.2%v White (other) 5.3%v Mixed race 1.2%v Indian 1.8%v Pakistani 1.3%v Bengali 0.5%v Other Asian (non-Chinese) 0.4%v Black Caribbean 1.0%v Black African 0.8%v Black (others) 0.2%v Chinese 0.4%v Other 0.4%29ppt课件III The English Languagev 1. Old Englishv

16、 2. Middle Englishv 3. Modern English v 4. Standard English30ppt课件1. Old English (5th 11th)Language of Angle-SaxonsInfluenced by Old Norse Latin and Greek words Danish words31ppt课件BeowulfThe most famous work from the OldEnglish period is the epic poem ”Beowulf”(approximately AD 900)Hwt! We Gar-Dena

17、in geardagum,eodcyninga, rym gefrunon,hu a elingas ellen fremedon.Oft Scyld Scefing sceaena reatum 32ppt课件2. Middle English (11th 15th )Status French replaced English as the official language, and English became the Language of lower class big pork sheep mutton cattle beefDevelopment English increas

18、ed in importance after the Black Death33ppt课件The Canterbury Tales written by Geofery Chaucer, 14 the centuryWhan that Aprill, with his shoures soote The droghte of March hath perced to the roote And bathed every veyne in swich licour, Of which vertu engendred is the flour;Geoffrey Chaucer34ppt课件3. M

19、odern English (15th )v The printing pressbrought standardization of Englishv Samuel Johnsons dictionaryestablished a standard form of spellingv Renaissanceassimilated foreign words throughout the Renaissance v The Industrial Revolutionnecessitated the introduction of new words for new things and ide

20、asv The rise of the British Empire or the Commonwealth of Nationsled to the assimilation of words from many other languages35ppt课件Othelloby William Shakespeare 1603La: Tho in the trade of warre, I haue flaine men, Yet doe I hold it very ftuft of Confcience. To doe no contriud murrher; I lacke iniqui

21、ty Sometimes to doe feruice: nine or ten times, I had thought to haue ierkd him here, Vnder the ribbes. Oth.: Tis better as it is. Which can be translated as:La: Though in the trade of war I have slain man, Yet do I hold it very stuff o the conscience. To do no contrived murder: I lack iniquity Some

22、times to do me service: nine or tem times I had thought to have yerkd him here under the ribs. Othello: Tis better as it is. Shakespeare36ppt课件4. Standard English v based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern Englandv adopted as a broadcasting standard in the British media v also called as Queens English or BBC English v based on the London dialectv becoming a universal Lingua Francathe world language37ppt课件LOGO38ppt课件