大学英语四级写作.doc

1、议论文的提纲类型图画议论文提纲： 1-描述图画 2-利弊/原因/例子 3-观点/措施建议图表议论文提纲： 1-描述图表 2-利弊/原因/例子 3-观点/措施建议 理解型议论文提纲： 1-解释话语 2-利弊/原因/例子 3-观点总述 解决型议论文提纲： 1-重要必要性 2-措施建议 3-观点阐述 普通议论文提纲1： 1-社会现象 2-利弊/原因 3-观点/措施建议/例子 普通议论文提纲2： 1-观点A2-观点B3-个人观点 四级写作段落类型Start1-描述图画 2-描述图表 3-现象重要性 4-解释话语 5-社会现象 Body1-利/弊 2-原因 3- 措施建议 End1-个人观点 2-措施建

2、议 3-例子 2012/61. 许多商品都存在过度包装的现象2. 出现这种现象的原因及其带来的后果3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为2011/61-现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2-网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3-我的建议2010/61- 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2- 出现这种情况的原因3- 为了改变这种状况，我认为2009/61- 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2- 也会带来一些问题3- 你的看法？2008/121- 一次性塑料袋的使用2- 使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题3- 限制一次性塑料袋的意义2008/61- 娱乐活动多种多样2- 娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性

3、3- 作为大学生，我的看法2007/121- 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课 2- 学生出于各种原因选择不同的选修课 3- 以你自己为例 2006/121- 许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会2- 但有些人提出取消春节晚会3- 我的看法2005/121.名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2.校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同 3.我认为2003/11- 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2- 诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实Start1-社会现象2-描述图画3-描述图表4-现象重要性5-解释话语1-社会现象Phenomenon + Details + Linkage2012/61. 许多商品都存在过度包装的现象2.

4、 出现这种现象的原因及其带来的后果3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为Today, people in growing numbers are beginning to realize the seriousness of prevalence of excessively packing commodities. Just taking a look around, clothes are packed in a well-designed plastic bag and foods and snacks are usually placed in delicate boxes. A number

5、 of reasons are responsible for this.2011/61-现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2-网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3-我的建议Nowadays, online shopping has gained great popularity among more and more web users. For example, residents, especially young generation, are wild about purchasing books, clothes and even cars on TMall, EBay and Amazo

6、n etc. The benefits shopping online brings to us are quite obvious. However, we cannot ignore its problems.2010/121-目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2-为了让孩子独立，父母应该Recent years have witnessed that more parents make arrangements for their children. Such as, which school to attend, what kind of job to take and even who is

7、 going to get married with. As a result, children are lack of ability to solve problems independently. In my opinion, parents should take some effective ways to help their children to be independent.现象句模版：1- The debate these days draws our attention about whether2- Today, people in growing numbers a

8、re beginning to realize the seriousness of prevalence of 3- Nowadays, . has gained great popularity among more and more4- Recent years have witnessed that which has aroused a heated debate of whether 5- Over the last half century, the pace of change in has increased beyond our wildest expectations.6

9、- There has been a long-term dispute over whether7- Much controversy has been made concerning whether8- is now facing a big problem-, which is becoming more and more serious in todays daily life.举例句模版：1- For example, 2- A case in point is, 3- Such as,4- It is reported that5- To be illustrated, 6- It

10、s quite common to see that, 7- Just take a look around, 8- For instance过渡句模版1- The benefitsbrings to us are far more than its disadvantages. However, we cannot ignore its problem.2- we can not live withoutfor the conveniences it brings to us, but we should also be aware of the negative effects it cr

11、eates on the modern life.3- Helpful as it is, can also give rise to a number of problems.4- Problematic as it seems, we should also bear in mind that Is not without its merits.5- Many reasons could be collected to give reasonable explanations for this phenomenon. 6- There are widespread reasons for

12、it and the primary ones are listed as follows. 7- Among countless factors which influence the choice, these are three conspicuous aspects as follows.8- should take some effective ways to9- Indeed, we should make great efforts to solve this problem.10- My reasons will be discussed as follows.11- Hist

13、ory is filled with examples proving my statement. 12- There are sufficient evidence to testify the righteousness of the proverb.13- Experiences of can firmly support this saying. 14- We can easily find a number of celebrities to concrete my stand.15- Its never too hard to observe this phenomenon in

14、todays society. 2010/61- 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2- 出现这种情况的原因3- 为了改变这种状况，我认为Today, experts in growing numbers are beginning to realize the seriousness of prevalence of spelling mistake among Chinese university students. Its quite common to see that more and more students can not spell correctly in the writ

15、ing part in the exams and even cannot read the passages. Many reasons could be collected to give reasonable explanations for this phenomenon. 2-描述图画Brief + Detail + Point2013/6The picture shows us a dialogue between a father and a son. In the picture, the son told his father, “Dad, Im a bit worried

16、about disposing of nuclear waste”. While his father told him, “If you can empty the dustbin here you can do anything”. It reveals the importance of doing small things well before undertaking something big. 2013/6As is vividly portrayed in the caricature above, a teacher and a kid are standing in fro

17、nt of the stage in the classroom. Specifically, the teacher is handing a classic literature book to a student and saying “just read it as if you are reading a long text message.” Obviously, the symbolical meaning is to show us the importance of reading literature.总描模版1- As is vividly shown/described

18、/depicted in the caricature/picture,2- As is shown in the picture, 3- As is described in the picture.4- As is apparently betrayed in the drawing above,5- Indicated above is a picture that vividly describes6- Basically, what we can see from the cartoon is that细节描写模版1- It can be seen in the picture th

19、at 2- Lets take a closer look at the drawings.3- In the picture, 4- Specifically, 5- Upon the second glance, we found结论模版1- It is safe to draw the conclusion that2- The purpose of the picture is to show us that.3- We can deduce form this picture that.4- The picture indicates / conveys the meaning th

20、at5- Obviously, 2013.12the increasing use of the mobile phone is peoples life and then explain the consequences of overusing it.The picture shows us that a lot of people are walking across the street. In the picture, they are all playing cell phones and using walking sticks to see the road. Obviousl

21、y, it reveals the importance of using mobile phones reasonably in the daily lives. (45) 2013.12the impact of the internet on learning and explain why education doesnt simply mean leaning to obtain information. As is vividly shown in the picture, a teacher is giving a quiz to her student. In the pict

22、ure, the student is holding an iPhone and just asking the teacher “OnceI learnhowtousegoogle,isntthatalltheeducationIreallyneed?” Obviously, it reveals the truth that learning how to obtain information is not all the education about. (61)3-描述图表Brief + Detail + Conclusion + Linkage2012/12As is shown

23、in the table, the unemployment rate decreases steadily as the education level increases. In the chart, only 1.9 % of people with doctoral degree lost their jobs. However, the unemployment rate of people with degree inferior to Master Degree is ranging from 9.2% to 14.9%. The fact revealed by the sta

24、tistics is obvious: graduates with a degree are less likely to be unemployed. Quite a few reasons can account for this phenomenon. 2002/6Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. According to the statistic of the

25、 chart, in 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours. Obviously, students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. The reasons are listed as follows. 总描模版1- According to the bar chart / pie chart / line graph displa

26、ys the changes of2- It can be seen from the chart(s)that there have been dramatic changes in3- From the picture (graph, chart, table, pie, bar), we know that4- The graph illustrates5- The indicators used in the table reflect that 细节描写模版：1- According to the statistic of the chart, 2- In the chart, 3-

27、 According to the graph,4- The data appears to confirm that 5- The graph illustrates 图表常用词汇：最高(低)点：peaked; reached a peak; high point/ bottomed out; reached the bottom回升: increase; jump; rise/rose; climb下降: decrease; fall/fell; drop; decline; reduce波动: fluctuate稳定: remained steady/stable; stay the s

28、ame; little/hardly any /no change突然的，明显的，急剧的: sudden / suddenly rapid/rapidly dramatic/dramatically/steeply/sharply 重要的: significant / significantly 渐进的,缓慢: gradual / gradually slow/slowly 轻微的、略微地: slight / slightly几乎，差不多: almost / Nearly/ approximately/ about adv. 正好 精确地: exactly / precisely 从何时到何时

29、: Fromto 在此期间: during the same period of time.4-现象重要性Importance + Reason/s + Point2009/121- 建设绿色校园很重要2- 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境3- 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该It is of great importance to make and maintain a green campus in our university or college. A green campus will not only be essential for the physical development of st

30、udents but for their mental health as well. So I do agree to build up a green campus for the students of different grades. 1997/61-大学生了解社会的必要性 2-了解社会的途径(大众媒介、社会服务等) 3-我打算怎么做Nowadays, it is essential for college students to get to know the world outside the campus. Only by contacting with society can

31、 we learn more practical knowledge than just theories and adapt to society more quickly after we graduate from universities. So I do agree to get in touch with the world outside the campus through the following means. 重要性模版：1- There is no doubt that its far-reaching significance imports that2- It is

32、 of great importance to 3- Nowadays, it is essential forto4- under no circumstance can we live without5- Nowadays, play an important role in determining5-解释话语Saying + Explanation + Linkage1997/11- 怎样理解“熟能生巧”？2- 例如：在英语学习中3- 又如The famous saying “Practice makes perfect” is widely accepted today. It mea

33、ns if we practice unfamiliar things again and again, well be able to perform it perfectly. History is filled with examples proving my statement. 2011/12Youre allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, Quitting smoki

34、ng is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of time.The “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of time” is humorous but quite provoking. The truth I can gain from this saying is if people really want to quit smoke or do anything, they should hang on

35、to the decision to the end but not give it up half way through. There is sufficient evidence to testify the righteousness of my understanding.名句引出模版1- The famous sayingis widely accepted today.2- Is humorous but quite provoking.3- There is an old saying 4- Hardly can anyone live in this country with

36、out hearing5- A famous proverb handed down from ancient age goes like名言解释模版1- It means2- The truth I can gain from this saying is3- This saying tries to tell us that4- The under-meaning in this proverb is5- the profound meaning behind those words is6- The saying aim at informing us of a truth that B

37、ody1-原因2-利/弊3-措施建议原因解析段2012.12原因To begin with, college education equips graduates with specialized skills, leading to greater attachment to the company they are employed and higher possibility to be reemployed even if they leave their previous company. In addition, the education level is still the k

38、ey factor that employers would take into account when selecting job candidates. It is believed that people with a college degree tend to be more intelligent and qualified. Finally, with the advancement of technology and the adjustment of industrial structure, quite a few high-tech industries emerge

39、overnight, which leads to a soar demand of workforce with high educational degree.2007/121- 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课 2- 学生出于各种原因选择不同的选修课 3- 以你自己为例 原因To start with, many students want to get another degree besides their own to obtain some necessary skills to make their college life worthwhile and be more compe

40、titive in their future job-hunting. Furthermore, some students want to learn anything that is interesting and different from what they are learning now. So they can have pleasant learning experiences in their college lives. Finally, many universities encourage their students to take more selective c

41、lasses to earn more credits which can enable college students to graduate earlier than others. 2012/61. 许多商品都存在过度包装的现象2. 出现这种现象的原因及其带来的后果3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为原因To begin with, an increasing number of residents like the apparent beauty, and it may attract potential clients and meet the demands of market. In

42、 addition, with a delicate wrapping can the factories increase the price of their commodities and gain more benefits than before. Whats more, in todays society, its a public acknowledgement that good-looking containers are viewed as high quality goods. The merchants tend to feel inferior if their pr

43、esents look common and simple. As a result, it caused a waste of resources.2010/61- 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2- 出现这种情况的原因3- 为了改变这种状况，我认为原因First, spelling correctly is not an easy job to be done, which needs a huge amount of time to memorize those words with similar spelling. So some students are too lazy to

44、 recite words. Second, teachers should also be responsible for it because they dont emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching, and students can still get a high score in their exams even with lots of wrong spelling words. Whats more, with the development of modern science and technology,

45、some computer programs, such as word, have done the spelling checking work for the students. 原因列举模版1- One possible reason is concerned with It is well-known that 2- The first reason is, people maintain, that 3- Another thing that deserves our special attention is 4- Additionally, there is bound to b

46、e another reason.5- Besides, also attributes partly to . 6- Besides, they go on to point out, 7- Last but not least, 8- Whats more important, they also claim that 9- In my opinion, the most obvious reason is利弊阐述段落2011/61-现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2-网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3-我的建议利弊Firstly, compared with traditional shop

47、ping, its very convenient. What you need to do is just clicking your mouse and waiting instead of going out by foot or driving. Secondly, more choices than real store are another attraction to customers. However, in spite of convenience and more choices of online shopping, we cannot turn a blind eye to its disadvantages. The quality problem is its first disadvantage