Unit 3 Environmental Protection Discover useful structures ppt课件-（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册(1).pptx

1、Period 3 Direct and Indirect Speech Unit 3 Environment Protection 选择性必修3 1 . 通 过 讲 练 ， 学 生 能 够 正 确 地 对 直 接 引 语 和 间 接 引 语 相 互 转 化 。2.通过小结，学生能够系统得掌握直接引语和间接引语相互转化的要领。教 学 目 标教 学 目 标The comments of the learning guideThe comments of the learning guide group group name 123456score9.109.309.509.09.309.41.v.

2、 提交，呈递， 2.代表某人 3.adj.敏感的，善解人意的4.许多，很多5 n.去掉，-6.v. 7v.对.处以罚款8.v.忍受，包容，容许9.运动，战役 .10.n.检查，查看1.submit2.on behalf of 3.sensitive4.dozens of 5.disposal -6.dispose7.fine8.tolerate9.campaign10.inspectionPredicting the endingPredicting the endingDictationLead-in Lead-in 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式: 一是原封不动地引用原话, 把它放在引号内

3、, 这叫直接引语(Direct speech); 一是用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语(Indirect speech)。Anne said: “My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.” (Direct speech)She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam. (Indirect speech)四 类 别四 类 别 直接引语类别直接引语为陈述句直接引语为特殊疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句直接引语为祈使句类别一类别二类别三类别四类 别 一类 别 一 类别一类别一: :直接

4、引语为陈述句直接引语为陈述句 一、用连词一、用连词 来引导间接引语来引导间接引语二、从句中的二、从句中的人称人称、时态时态等要做相应的变化等要做相应的变化that. .人称的变化规律人称的变化规律. .时态的变化规律时态的变化规律(20min) Ex1.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语She said that she liked tennis.巧记为：一随主一随主 类 别 一类 别 一 .人称变化规律She said,“ I like tennis.”结论结论1 1：当直接引语的主语为：当直接引语的主语为第一人称第一人称时，变间接引语后时，变间接引语后与主句主语的人称与主

5、句主语的人称 保持一致保持一致。 Ex2.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语He told Lily that she must get up early.巧记为：二随宾二随宾类 别 一类 别 一 .人称变化规律He said to Lily, “ you must get up early.”结论结论2 2：当直接引语的主语为：当直接引语的主语为第二人称第二人称时，变间接引语后时，变间接引语后与主与主句宾语的人称保持一致句宾语的人称保持一致。 Ex3.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语She told me that they wanted to help

6、 him.巧记为：三不变三不变 类 别 一类 别 一 .人称变化规律结论结论3 3：当直接引语的主语为：当直接引语的主语为第三人称时，变间接引语后时，变间接引语后人称不变。She said to me , “ They want to help him.” Ex1.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语He says, I will do it tomorrow.”He says that he will do it tomorrow. 类 别 一类 别 一 .时态的变化规律结论结论1 1：如果主句的谓语动词是：如果主句的谓语动词是现在时现在时，直接引语变成间接，直接引语变成间接

7、引语时，从句的时态引语时，从句的时态无需变化无需变化。 Ex2.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语He said, “I am a teacher.”He said he was a teacher.类 别 一类 别 一 .时态的变化规律结论结论2 2：如果主句的谓语动词是：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时一般过去时，直接引语变成，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句要间接引语时，从句要用与过去相关的时态用与过去相关的时态。 2. 时态变化直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为过去时态, 则间接引语的时态相应向前推一个时态。 直接引语间接引语句子时态句子时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般

8、过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时 Ex3.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语The teacher said, The earth goes round the sun.The teacher said（that）the earth goes round the sun.类 别 一类 别 一 .时态的变化规律直接引语若表示的是直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时,变间接引语时变间接引语时时态时态不变不变。 1. Sal

9、ly says, Our exams are starting this week.Sally says exam starting this week. 2 She is running along the street.She said running along the street. 3. The teacher said, the earth is round. The teacher said the earth round. Now, lets check 2类 别 一类 别 一 theirareshe wasis类 别 一类 别 一 直接引语为直接引语为陈述句陈述句，变成间接引

10、语的变成间接引语的“顺口溜顺口溜”是：是：去掉引号加去掉引号加thatthat，人称时态要灵活。人称时态要灵活。类 别 二类 别 二 类别二类别二: :直接引语为特殊疑问句直接引语为特殊疑问句 1.1.引导词为引导词为 。2.2.疑问语序要改成疑问语序要改成 。 （疑问词（疑问词 + + 主语主语 + + 谓语谓语 + + 其他成分）其他成分） 3.3.人称人称的改变的改变( (一随主、二随宾、三不变一随主、二随宾、三不变) )4.4.时态时态的变化的变化 ( (主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时

11、态与过去相关的时态。) ) 疑问词疑问词陈述句语序陈述句语序(8min)1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me the train .2. What time did he get up today? I dont know. I dont know what time up today.Now, lets check 3类 别 二类 别 二 whenarriveshe got类 别 二类 别 二 直接引语是直接引语是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句，变成间接引语的变成间接引语的“顺口溜顺口溜”是：是：直接去引号，直接去引

12、号，陈述莫忘掉，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，小心助动词，丢它最重要。丢它最重要。 类 别 三类 别 三 类别三类别三: :直接引语为一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句 1.1.用连词用连词 引导引导2.2.语序要改成语序要改成 。3.3.人称人称的改变的改变( (一随主、二随宾、三不变一随主、二随宾、三不变) )4.4.时态时态的变化的变化 ( (主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态与过去相关的时态。) ) if/whetherif/whether陈述句语序陈述句语序(6min) Ex1.把下列直接引语改

13、为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语“Do you like English?” Jim asked Tom.Jim asked Tom if/whether he liked English.类 别 三类 别 三 当句中用了当句中用了whether or notwhether or not时，时，不能用不能用if if来替换来替换whetherwhether。 Jim asked Tom whether he liked English or not.Now, lets check 4类 别 三类 别 三 1. “Is your mother a doctor?” Lucy asked me

14、.Lucy asked me a doctor.2. He said, “Did you see the girl?”He asked the girl or not. if my mother waswhether Ihad seen类 别 三类 别 三 直接引语为直接引语为一般疑问句一般疑问句，变成间接引语的变成间接引语的“顺口溜顺口溜”是：是：去掉引号加去掉引号加whether/ifwhether/if，陈述语序要记住，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。小心变化别马虎。 5. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词th

15、is/thesethat/those时间状语时间状语nowthentodaythat daythis morningthat morningtonightthat nighttomorrowthe next/following day时间状语时间状语yesterdaythe day beforelast nightthe night beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforethree days agothree days beforenext weekthe next/following weekagobefore地点状语地点状语herethe

16、re方向性动词方向性动词bringtakecomego Ex1.把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语He said, “Please come here agian tomorrow ? 类 别 四类 别 四 一改二变三加四去一改二变三加四去 原则原则He asked me to go there again the next day.一改：一改：said said 改为改为 aked or told aked or told 二变：二变：said to said to 的宾语变成的宾语变成asked asked 等的宾语。等的宾语。三加：在动词原形前加三加：在动词原形前加to

17、to四去：去掉四去：去掉pleaseplease直接引语为祈使句直接引语为祈使句 小组自主互学领学任务分配小组自主互学领学任务分配组别组别123456任务要求练习练习1练习练习2练习练习3练习练习4练习练习4 练习练习503巩固练习将直接引语变为间接将直接引语变为间接引语引语Cathy always says，“Ill do it better next time.”_Sarah asked，“What were you doing from nine to eleven this morning？”_I asked him，“Will you stay at home or go to a

18、film tonight？”_Cathy always says that shell do it better the next time.Sarah asked me what I was doing from nine to eleven that morning.I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.把下列句子变为间接引语，注意人称变化把下列句子变为间接引语，注意人称变化He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”He said

19、 that would go there to have a long holiday.She said to me，“You play basketball better than me.”She told me that played basketball better than her.“I bought this pair of shoes for my father，” Kate said.Kate said had bought that pair of shoes for her father.My father said，“I hope you will grow up to

20、be President.”My father said that hoped _ would grow up to be President.sheIsheheI把下列句子变为间接引语，注意时态变化把下列句子变为间接引语，注意时态变化He said，“I saw the film yesterday.”He said that he the film the day before.She said，“I have seen the film.It is good.”She said that she the film，and that it was good.He asked，“Is it

21、raining？”He asked if it .had seenhad seenwas rainingThe teacher said，“I will give my students a few holidays at the end of this month.”The teacher promised that he his students a few holidays at the end of that month.“Light travels much faster than sound，” my father told me.My father told me light _

22、 much faster than sound.“When did you come here？” she asked.She asked _.would givethattravelsme when I went there将直接引语改为间接引语将直接引语改为间接引语Henry said，“I havent seen her today.”_Helen said to me，“This happened yesterday.”_Shelly said，“I arrived two days ago.”_Henry said that he hadnt seen her that day.He

23、len told me that had happened the day before.Shelly said that she had arrived two days before.将直接引语变为间接宾语将直接引语变为间接宾语The teacher said to the boy，“Open the door，please！”The teacher the boy the door.His father said to him，“Dont leave the window open when you are out.”His father him the window open when

24、 he was out.“Please explain why youre late，” the boss said.The boss him why he was late.toldto opentoldnot to leaveaskedto explain.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.He said he (not，see) his old friends for a long time. 2.We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.3.My sister advised

25、 me (tidy) my room by myself.4.The teacher said that two plus two (be) four.5.The moment I got home，my wife asked me I had been to the hospital.hadnt seenwhoeverto tidyiswhether/if6.The student completed this experiment to make come true Professor Joseph had said.(2020天津卷改编天津卷改编)7.She reported that

26、the next Olympic Games (hold) in Paris in 2024.8.How dangerous drunk-driving is！Yes.We should try to persuade our families and friends never (drive) after drinking.whatwould be heldto drive9.While running regularly cant make you live forever，the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life

27、 than walking，cycling or swimming. (2018全国卷全国卷语法填空语法填空)10.As soon as he comes back，Ill tell him when you (come) and see him.iswill come.补全句子补全句子1.John said _.约翰约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。2.She asked me _ to read newspapers.她她问我是否经常去那儿看报。问我是否经常去那儿看报。3.I asked him _.我我问他那天晚上是待在家还是去看电影。问他那天晚上是待在家还是去看电影。

28、4.He _ after supper.他他建议我晚饭后出去走走。建议我晚饭后出去走走。that he was going to London with his fatherif (whether) I often went therewhether he would stay at home or go to see a film that nightadvised me to take a walk5.Mary said that she _.玛丽玛丽说那些日子她没有收到父母的来信。说那些日子她没有收到父母的来信。6.Kate asked my sister liked blue dres

29、ses green ones.凯凯特问我的妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是绿色的。特问我的妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是绿色的。7.Our teacher told us that _.老师老师告诉我们失败是成功之母。告诉我们失败是成功之母。8.The teacher said there a will，there a way.老师老师说有志者，事竟成。说有志者，事竟成。hadnt heard from her parents those dayswhetherorfailure is the mother of successthat whereisis.语法填空语法填空Kitchen technology

30、has reached new heights.So far，astronauts on the International Space Station 1. (make)the universes first space-baked cookies.They are 2. very first kind of food to be baked in space from raw ingredients.The astronauts said 3. (eat) freshly baked food will make them happy while on the space station.

31、It will be a comforting 4. (remind) of home.This will be important for astronauts going to the moon or on the long journey to Mars.Baking the space cookies once 5. (think) extremely difficult.On Earth，cookies take about 20 minutes 6. (bake) in an oven heated to 150 degrees Celsius(302 degrees Fahren

32、heit).That was not long enough in space.The first cookie came out 7. (total) undercooked.The space bakers turned 8. the ovens temperature and baked the dough for 9. (long)until they were successful.The fifth cookie they made took 130 minutes to bake.The space-baked cookies are now in a laboratory in

33、 Houston，Texas.Scientists will test them to see 10. they are safe to eat.【语篇解读】【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道类文章。国际空间站的宇航员制作了宇宙这是一篇新闻报道类文章。国际空间站的宇航员制作了宇宙中第一块太空烘焙饼干。中第一块太空烘焙饼干。1.have made考查时态。时间状语是考查时态。时间状语是so far(迄今为止迄今为止)，句子应用现在完成时，句子应用现在完成时态。故填态。故填have made。2.the考查冠词。句意：它们是第一种在太空中用原料烘焙而成的食物。序考查冠词。句意：它们是第一种在太空中用原料

34、烘焙而成的食物。序数词数词first前要用定冠词，表示前要用定冠词，表示“第一第一”。故填。故填the。3.eating考查动名词。句意：宇航员们说，在空间站吃新鲜出炉的食物会让考查动名词。句意：宇航员们说，在空间站吃新鲜出炉的食物会让他们很开心。该空作主语，常用动名词。故填他们很开心。该空作主语，常用动名词。故填eating。4.reminder考查名词。句意：在太空吃到现烤的饼干将会使人想到家。空考查名词。句意：在太空吃到现烤的饼干将会使人想到家。空前有不定冠词和形容词，故该空应用单数名词。该处表示前有不定冠词和形容词，故该空应用单数名词。该处表示“引起回忆的事物；引起回忆的事物；提醒人的

35、事物提醒人的事物”。故填。故填reminder。5.was thought考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在太空中烘焙饼干曾被考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在太空中烘焙饼干曾被认为是极其困难的。认为是极其困难的。baking the space cookies和和think之间是被动关系，该句之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且根据应用被动语态。且根据once(曾经曾经)可知，该句应用一般过去时态。且动名词可知，该句应用一般过去时态。且动名词作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was thought。6.to bake考查非谓语动词。句意：在地球上，用加热到考

36、查非谓语动词。句意：在地球上，用加热到150度的烤箱花度的烤箱花20分分钟就可以烤好饼干，钟就可以烤好饼干，sb/sth take some time to do sth是固定句式，意为是固定句式，意为“花时花时间做某事间做某事”，故填，故填to bake。7.totally考查副词。该空修饰形容词考查副词。该空修饰形容词undercooked(煎或烤得火候不足的煎或烤得火候不足的)，应用副词。故填应用副词。故填totally。8.up考查介词。句意：太空烘焙师调高了烤箱的温度，烤面团的时间也变考查介词。句意：太空烘焙师调高了烤箱的温度，烤面团的时间也变长了，直到他们成功。长了，直到他们成功。

37、turn up(调高调高)，是固定短语。故填，是固定短语。故填up。9.longer考查比较级。根据句意，该处应用考查比较级。根据句意，该处应用long的比较级，故填的比较级，故填longer。10.whether/if考查连词。句意：这种太空烘焙饼干目前在德克莎州休斯顿考查连词。句意：这种太空烘焙饼干目前在德克莎州休斯顿的一个实验室里。科学家将对它们进行测试，看它们是否可以安全食用。该的一个实验室里。科学家将对它们进行测试，看它们是否可以安全食用。该空引导宾语从句，表示空引导宾语从句，表示“是否是否”，故填，故填whether/if。1.Finish exercises 2.系统整理直接引语和间接系统整理直接引语和间接引语笔记。引语笔记。HomeworkHomework课 堂 笔 记课 堂 笔 记类别类别1:1:直接引语为陈述句直接引语为陈述句类别类别2:2:直接引语为特殊疑问句直接引语为特殊疑问句类别类别3:3:直接引语为一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句去掉引号加that，人称时态要灵活。直接去引号，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，丢它最重要。 去掉引号加whether/if，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。