Unit 4 Vocabulary(2) ppt课件-（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、Unit4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGEVocabulary (2)A craftsman sells his handicrafts aboard a slow train running in Northwest Chinas Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, April 28, 2022. aboard / bd/ adv.& prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)board vt.&vi.上船/车/飞机等 n.板 布告牌aboard adv.&prep.上船/飞机/车；在船/飞机/车上go aboard the ship/the plan

2、e/the trainboard the ship/the plane/the trainbroad adj.宽的 宽阔的 abroad adv.在国外;到国外on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上1. it is important to prevent people from carrying the virus into China from _via different ports.2. California Governor Gavin Newsom said a Princess cruise ship was being quarantined(隔离)off the c

3、oast so public health officials could screen everyone on_, the Los Angeles Times reported.3. A police officer in protective gear is seen _a flight at Putuoshan Airport in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, on Jan 28, 2020.4.A _ valley opened up leading to a high, flat land.aboard , abroad , board, broadab

4、roadboardaboardbroadcupboard. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 People wait at social-distancing markers for their turn to buy daily supplies at an outdoor market in Changchun, Northeast Chinas Jilin province, April 28, 2022. All households in precautionary zones can assign a representative to go out daily to purchase neces

5、sities. Residents in lockdown and controlled zones will continue current management measures, he said.assign /san /vt. 分派；布置；分配assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事assign sb.sth.( assign sth.to sb.)给某人分配(布置)某物/某事assignment n. 任务；作业；分配；指派任务；作业；分配；指派assign指按照某种原则进行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的。distribute通常指以整体或定量分为若干份来分配。di

6、vide普通用词，侧重将某物分成若干份分配给他人，当某物一分为二时，含平均分配之意。assign a job to sb 把一项工作交给某人assign a mission 布置一项任务assign each person a task 分配每人一件工作assign homework 布置作业assign for 确定的(日期等)，找出的(原因)assign a cause for sbs illness 确定某人的病因assign a day for a meeting 确定开会日期assign a place for the meeting 定下开会的地点assign to 把分配到，鉴定

7、为assign an expert to the job 选派专家担任这一职务assign these rooms to them 把这些房子分配给他们e.g.Our teachers assign too much homework.我们老师布置的家庭作业太多了。I assigned you the job.我把这项工作分配给你。They assigned a room to us.他们把一个房间分给我们。What did the teacher assigned us to do at home？老师给我们布置了什么家庭作业？Exercise单句语法填空单句语法填空The teacher

8、assigned a different task _ each of the students.老师给每个学生分配了不同的任务。The monitor assigned us _(make) preparations for the party the next week.班长派我们为下周的晚会做准备。On receiving the _(assign), we set out to work at once.一接到任务，我们就立即开始工作。to to makeassignmentA steward hands out leaflets on COVID-19 prevention and

9、control to passengers on the Chongqing North Staton in Chongqing, on Jan 25, 2021. steward/stjud / n. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员 stewardess stjudes; stjudes n. 女乘务员，女服务员She has a new haircut and wears a new necklace and looks elegant and holy.Every woman will _(妒忌) her and every man is bound to have an aff

10、ection for such kind of girl and desire to accompany her.envyenvy vt. 妒忌，羡慕妒忌，羡慕envy sb. doing/for sth. 嫉妒或羡慕某人做某事嫉妒或羡慕某人做某事with envy 羡慕地；羡慕地；be envious of 妒忌妒忌. 羡慕羡慕.out of envy 出于妒忌出于妒忌the envy of令人嫉妒羡慕的人事物我羡慕你有这么一位好朋友。我羡慕你有这么一位好朋友。I envy you having such a good friend. envious envisadj.羡慕的；妒忌的根据汉语

11、提示完成句子1.They looked at her new car_(羡慕地)2. They only say such unkind things about you _(出于嫉妒)with envyout of envyVoters wait to cast ballot at a polling station in Whampoa, South Chinas Hong Kong, Dec 19, 2021. One million voters in Hong Kong crush campaign of lies and smearcrush /kr / vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n

12、.拥挤的人群crush的基本意思是“压碎”“压榨”,多指在两个坚硬物体的表面之间挤压,所施加的力量会对原物体的形状与完整造成破坏。其结果可以是永久破坏,其形状也可以弹回原形。引申可指所采取的行动无法反抗,即“压服”“压垮”“消灭”等。crush既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。前者作“挤进”“挤入”解时,常与into, past, through等词连用,后者常可用于被动语态。crush into表示“塞进，压进”的意思，而crush to则表示“压到上”，例如crush clothes into the trunk（将衣物塞进皮箱）和crush to the ground（压到地上）。b

13、reak，burst，crack，crush，fracture，shatter，smash这些动词均含“打破、弄碎”之意。break常用词，含义广泛，多指猛然用力将坚硬物打破或损坏。burst指某物因内部外部压力过大而出现严重破裂、爆开或撑破。crack多指因长期使用或经受压力，物体表现呈现裂纹、裂口或破裂、裂开，但一般没成碎片。crush指用力把东西压破或使变形。fracture比crack的破裂程度更深更严重，常指断裂，医学上指骨折。shatter指破裂为许多支离破碎的碎片，多用指易碎事物。smash指突然而猛烈地重击某物，使之破碎或完全变形。用作动词用作动词 (v.)A windmill

14、 is used to crush grain into flour.风车被用来把谷粒轧成面粉。It took him only 50 minutes to crush his opponent.他只用了50分钟时间就击败了对手。This victory inspired vigor in the Armenian national team and they finally crushed the English team.这场胜利激起了亚美尼亚队的斗志,他们最终击败了英国队。I was crushed that I wasnt invited.没有受到邀请,我感到很失望。Her refus

15、al crushed all our hopes.她一拒绝,我们的希望就全都破灭了。Some synthetic materials do not crush easily.有些化纤衣料不易起皱。She refused to sit down in case she crushed her dress.她拒绝坐下,以免弄皱自己的连衣裙。He always crushes juice from grapes instead of eating them.他总是用葡萄榨葡萄汁,而不是吃葡萄。用作名词用作名词 (n.)Ive got a crush on my pretty toy pistol.我

16、非常喜欢我漂亮的玩具手枪。I prefer orange crush to coffee because the former is healthier.与咖啡相比,我更喜欢橙汁,因为橙汁更有益于健康。Titanic _into the Atlantic Ocean in April ,1912.sanksink sunk, sunken是两种过去分词，作定语用是两种过去分词，作定语用sunken（沉没的）（沉没的）a sunken ship 沉船沉船sink into 陷入，沉到陷入，沉到里里Dont let yourself sink into sadness. 不要使你自己陷入悲伤。Th

17、is rubber ball wont sink; it floats.这个橡皮球不会沉,它浮着。The sun is sinking in the west.夕阳西下。The big guns sank the ship.大炮击沉了那艘船。They tried in every way possible to rescue the sinking boat.他们想尽一切办法来援救这艘下沉的船。The dirty dishes are in the sink.脏碟子在洗涤槽中。She sank back, unwilling to face her fathers anger.她退了回去,不愿

18、看着父亲发火。He sank his fork into the meat to see if it was well cooked.他把叉子叉进肉里,检查一下火候够不够。The flames at last sank down and the fire went out.火焰最后微弱下来,火就灭了。His voice sank to a whisper.他的声音低到成为耳语。sink的基本意思是“下沉”,指逐渐下降地运动,尤指物体在空气或水中垂直下降,常指降至于地平面或水平面之下,即全部“浸没”。引申可表示“(日、月等)落下”“(头、目光等)下垂”“衰退”“(地面,建筑物等)下陷”“挖掘(井

19、等)”“埋下”“(价格)降低”“(声音、火、风等)降低”等。引申用法中强调缓慢、逐渐地下落,而不含或少含有“浸没”意味。sink既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词、代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。sink作“下沉”解时不可以同down连用,作“落下”解时可以同down连用,表示“降到下一层的水平位置上”。n. (名词名词)sink用作名词时意思是“水池,水槽”,多指厨房中的洗涤槽。sink与介词of连用可表示“藏污纳垢的场所,窝”,多用在文学用语中。sink的过去式可用sank或sunk,但是sank更常用，尤其是当sink用作不及物动词时；sink的过去分词有sunk和s

20、unken，但前者是当sink用作及物动词时的形式，强调“被沉没”，尤其是因人力产生的。而sunken是不及物动词的形式，相当于形容词用法，如sunken eyes（深陷的眼睛）vt. 放弃/抛弃/中止 He abandoned his wife and children 他抛弃了自己的妻儿。 Theyre going to abandon the plan for lack of money. 由于资金短缺，他们打算放弃这个计划。adj. abandoned 被遗弃的an abandoned cat 一只被抛弃的猫 abandon oneself to (doing) sth 沉溺于(be

21、addicted to)n. 搭配：with abandon: 尽情地；纵情地e.g.On seeing Lee-Hong, the fans cheered with abandon.adj.vt.&n.adj.无约束的；无度的；放荡 abandon abandon oneself to.沉湎于vt.遗弃;抛弃;丢弃；放弃;中止;(与oneself连用)使放纵使听任abandon doing sth.放弃做某事(n.)放任;放纵with abandon放纵地；放任地abandoned放弃希望、计划、主意-_abandon ones hope/plan/ideaabandonment n遗弃，

22、放弃(2013江苏卷完形填空)It was _，full of broken glass and rubbish.这个地方废弃了,到处都是碎玻璃和垃圾。(2012浙江卷)Peter had intended to take a job in business，but _ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.彼得曾打算从事商务工作，但2010年在加拿大有了一次不愉快的经历后就放弃了那个计划。Those who _ despair cant succeed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。abandonedabandon

23、ed abandon themselves to 即学即练 完成下列句子(1)We had to _(放弃了这个城市)because we feared further attacks. (2)He _(沉溺于电脑游戏)，which made her parents very angry. (3)A man _(抛妻弃子)after becoming rich will feel guilty for what he has done.答案：(1)abandon the city(2)abandoned himself to computer games(3)who abandons his

24、wife and childrenThose _ cant succeed.那些那些自暴自弃的自暴自弃的人无法成功。人无法成功。Walking alone in the forest, he _ _ .独自走在森林里独自走在森林里,他他感到被这个世界遗弃了感到被这个世界遗弃了。【巧学助记巧学助记1】The child _ by his parents . Eventually _ was found wandering in the street , _ _ .那个孩子那个孩子被被他的父母他的父母遗弃了遗弃了。后来有人发现那个。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的男孩被抛弃的男孩在大街上游荡在大街上游荡,

25、他已陷入了绝望他已陷入了绝望。who abandon themselves to despair felt abandoned by the worldwas abandoned the abandoned boy abandoning himself to despair【助记2】 The parents abandoned the abandoned young man because he abandoned himself to taking drugs. 父母抛弃了那个堕落的年轻人, 因为他沉溺于吸毒。A Yemeni woman cooks on an outdoor clay s

26、tove at a makeshift camp for the displaced in Hajjah Province on Sunday.stove/ stv / n. 炉具；厨房灶具In an ecological park in Jiading district, the rape flowers are in full bloom, covering an entire field like a golden blanket.blanket /blkt/ n. 毯子vt. 覆盖；用毯子裹；扑灭；挡风；使包含覆盖；用毯子裹；扑灭；挡风；使包含carpet n. 地毯；地毯状物地毯；地

27、毯状物vt. 铺盖；铺以地毯铺盖；铺以地毯用作名词用作名词 (n.)He threw a blanket over the injured man.他急忙给受伤的人披上条毯子。They cuddled up (together) under the blanket.他们盖著毯子(在一起)搂著。The nurse carried in a baby wrapped (up) in a warm blanket.保母抱著个孩子进来，孩子身上裹著暖暖的毯子。The ground was covered by a thick blanket of snow.地面上覆盖着厚厚的一层雪。Covering

28、much of the earths surface is a blanket of water.覆盖大部分地球表面的是水。用作用作及物动词及物动词 (vt.)The countryside was blanketed with snow/fog.乡村被雪雾覆盖著。Dark clouds blanketed the summit of the downs.乌云盖住了丘陵的顶部。carpet，blanket，rug这些名词均含有“毛毯，地毯”之意。carpet指用来铺地板或楼梯的厚实的棉、毛地毯。blanket指厚实的棉、毛织品，用于铺床或披在身上保暖的毛毯。rug指小地毯或旅行用的小毛毯。Di

29、aoyu Islands _China.belong to (1)(2013福建卷完形填空福建卷完形填空)It still belongs to a member of the family，but it has not been lived in for a while. (2)(重庆卷重庆卷)Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the welleducated. (3)活学活用：活学活用：依我看来，你最好把书放回应放置的地方。依我看来，你最好把书放回应放置的地方。In my opi

30、nion，youd better put the book _ it belongs. belong to 属于；归属；属于；归属； 为为的一员的一员where/to which翻译 1)However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.2)As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China. 3)Do you know whom this dictionary belongs to? China

31、 is a developing country _ the third world.中国是个发展中国家，属于第三世界。中国是个发展中国家，属于第三世界。belonging to(1)belong to 表示表示“属于属于”，不能用于进行时态和被动，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。语态。 (2)belongings n财产；所有物；相关事财产；所有物；相关事 类似用法还包括：类似用法还包括：consist of(包括包括)date back to/date from(追溯到追溯到).(1)用用belong的适当形式填空的适当形式填空After getting off，please check whether your _ are left on the drifting boat.(2)一句多译一句多译众所周知，中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。众所周知，中国是一个属于第三世界的国家。As is known to us，China is a country _ the Third World.As is known to us；China is a country _the Third world.belongingsbelonging to which belongs to巧巧 学学 活活 用用