Unit 5 First aid 语法 ppt课件 -（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、一、复习动词一、复习动词ing形式形式 1. 1. 动词动词ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾形式的构成：是在动词末尾加加 形式构成，因此又叫动词的形式构成，因此又叫动词的 ing 形式形式; ; 否定形式：否定形式： 构成。构成。 Eg.do doing, be being, ask asking, etc.2. 2. 动词动词inging形形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，不能单独作谓语，包括式是动词的一种非谓语形式，不能单独作谓语，包括 和和 两种。两种。3.3.动词动词 -ing -ing 形式的特点：形式的特点：语态上：动词语态上：动词 -ing-ing形式表形式表主动主动 Eg. Do yo

2、u know the woman talking to Tom?Eg. Do you know the woman talking to Tom?时态上：动词时态上：动词 - -inging形式表形式表动作动作 Eg. developing country boiling waterEg. developing country boiling wateringnot doing动名词动名词现在分词现在分词4.动词ing形式的时态和语态：语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done否定式: not doing/not h

3、aving been done5.动词-ing形式在句中可充当 等成分。主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语二、动词ing形式作主语和it作形式主语【观察思考】SayingSaying is one thing，and doing is another.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。SingingSinging is my hobby，and to singto sing at my friends birthday party is my dream.唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。It is a waste of time persuadingIt is a waste

4、 of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。【探究总结】(1)动词ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于 ,不定式作主语则表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。(2)形式主语 可以代替动词ing形式作主语，而真正的主语是后面的动词-ing形式。(3) 动词-ing形式作主语用it代替是，表语有限制，此时表语往往是_ /no good/no use等。a waste of timeit句首 Its a waste of time doing sth. 做某事浪费时间做某事浪费时间【即学即练】1.) (p

5、lay) with fire is dangerous.2.) (have) a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy.3.) It is no good (regret) for the past.三、动词ing形式作宾语1.只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和短语动词【观察思考】He admitted referringadmitted referring to his notes in the exam.他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。She cant stand being lookedcant stand being looked do

6、wn upon in public.她忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。He insisted on doinginsisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 regretting Having Playing 【探究总结】(1) 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有：（可用下面的口诀帮助记忆）避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，cant help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)逃避冒

7、险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)(2) 常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：be good at 擅长；dream of 梦想；care about 在乎；be concerned about 关心；be interested in 对感兴趣； think of 认为 ； lead to 导致；devote oneself to 献身于； look forward to 期待；stick to 坚持；pay attention to 注意；give up 放弃；feel like想要；insist on坚持；aim at瞄

8、准；set about开始做；be used to习惯；get down to开始做等。【即学即练】1.) Would you mind (open) the window?2.) He tried to avoid (answer) my questions.3.) Im looking forward to your (come) next time.2.既可跟动词-ing形式，又可跟动词不定时作宾语的动词和短语动词及其区别【观察思考】He forgot turningforgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯。The light in the offic

9、e is still on.He forgot to forgot to turnturn it off.办公室的灯还亮着。他忘记关了。【探究总结】(1) 既可跟动词-ing形式，又可跟动词不定时作宾语的动词和短语动词有forget, 等。(2) forget to do 表示“ ”，而forget doing 则表示“ ”。coming 忘记做了某事 opening 忘记去做某事 answering remember,regard,stop,go on,mean,begin,start,try 【辨析】 go on to do sth.接着做另一件事(go on doing sth.继续做同

10、一件事) forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(forget doing sth.忘记做过某事)try to do sth.努力做某事(try doing sth.试着做某事) remember to do sth.记住要做某事(remember doing sth.记得做过某事)regret to do sth.很遗憾要做某事(regret doing sth.后悔做了某事) mean doing.意味着做(mean to do.打算/意欲做)stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情(stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事) cant help doing.禁不住做

11、(cant help to do.不能帮着去做)【即学即练】1.) They stopped (have) a look at the fantastic scenery.2.) They stopped (work)and had a rest. working to have 四、动词-ing形式作表语【观察思考】Your speech is very interestinginteresting and encouragingencouraging.你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。The argument is very convincingconvincing.这个论点很令人信服。He i

12、s to lookto look after the children.他将要照顾这些孩子。The cup is broken,so she is very disappointeddisappointed.杯子坏了，所以她感到很沮丧。【探究总结】(1)动词-ing作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的 等。作表语的动词-ing，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing.这类分词有

13、“ ”的含义，常修饰物。性质、特征令人感到的(2)不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式作表语表示将来的动作、命令、建议、事态发展的结果等；动词-ed形式作表语则表示主语的状态、状况，有“ ”含义。【即学即练】1.) His hobby is (read)books in his spare time.2.) Her performance is very (entertain)，which brings us much pleasure.3.) The news was (excite) and they were all (excite) at it. entertaining rea

14、ding excitingexcited 感到.的五、动词-ing形式作定语【观察思考】No one is allowed to speak aloud in the readingreading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。Can you see the swimmingswimming girl? 你能看到那个正在游泳的女孩吗？The girl swimmingswimming therethere is his daughter. 正在那边游泳的女孩是他的女儿。【探究总结】(1) 动词-ing形式作定语置于名词前有两种情况：一种是表示被修饰名词的某种 ，另一种是表示被修饰名词 的状

15、态或动作。(2) 动词-ing短语作定语时要在所修饰名词的 。后面 正在进行 性能或用途 【即学即练】1.) The boy (play)football on the playground is my younger brother.2.) I have never seen a more (move)movie. 3.) The woman (send) her children to school is my history teacher.六、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语【观察思考】I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉有人站在我后面。I saw

16、the little boy crying there.我看到小男孩在那儿哭。I heard her lock the door.我听见她锁门了。We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。 moving sending playing 【探究总结】(1) 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，look at，listen to等)后面的宾语和宾语补

17、足语之间表示 、 的动作或经常存在的状态，用 作宾语补足语；当感官动词（短语）后面的宾语与宾语补足语之间表示主动、完成的动作时，用不带to的不定时作宾语补足语。(2) 表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have，let，keep，get，leave等)，接动词-ing作宾语补足语表示“ ”。【即学即练】1.) When he passed the swimming pool，he saw someone (swim) in it.2.) I heard Mary (sing) in the next room.3.) Please dont keep the little boy (stay)

18、alone. 主动 正在进行 staying 动词-ing形式 singing swimming 让一直做某事 七、动词-ing形式作状语【观察思考】WalkingWalking in the park，she saw an old friend.当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。BeingBeing ill，he couldnt go to school.因为生病了，他无法去上学。WorkingWorking hard，youll make great progress.如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。【探究总结】动词-ing在句中作状语，表示动作发生的 、 、 、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的 关系。【即学即练】1.) He fell off the bike, (break) his left leg.2.) (hear) the news，he couldnt help laughing. breaking Hearing 主谓 条件 原因 时间