Unit 4 Adversity and Courage A卷 基础夯实-(2022新)人教版高中英语高二选择性必修第三册单元测试AB卷.docx
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1、Unit 4 Adversity and Courage A卷 基础夯实2021-2022学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册单元测试AB卷第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A Its difficult to know the exact answer to whether babies dream and what they dream about. However, sleep experts have shown that newborns dream
2、 the most in the first two weeks after birth. Babies spend most of their sleeping time in the REM (rapid eye movement) stage. As dreaming takes place in a light state of sleep, newborns tend to wake up due to noises, movements and other factors. When dreaming, newborns make a few noises and their ey
3、es move. Their eyes may move around the sides or up and down. They may laugh, scream, or cry during the REM sleep. Also, their facial muscles, hands, and legs move, due to which they may wake up. So wrapping a baby in swaddling (裹紧的)clothes can keep the babys body from moving and help him sleep bett
4、er. As babies grow, their body movements decrease when dreaming. Studies say that the brain activity associated with dreaming is essential for the babies mental development. During the REM stage, the flow of blood to the brain increases. As a result, certain nerve proteins are produced, which are th
5、e building units of the brain. Babies get stimulation from what they see, hear, or feel. The brain processes the information acquired while awake, and stores what is essential to the individual. A study concludes that babies learn while they are dreaming. Whats the time for babies to start dreaming?
6、 Researchers say that before birth, babies start experiencing REM sleep around week 25, and so they may start dreaming at the point. On the contrary, some psychologists believe that children start having dreams when they are about 5 years old. At that age, they start becoming aware of themselves and
7、 begin to understand the things around them, which is what dreams are actually made of.1.What may babies do in the REM stage?A.Make faces.B.Stay awake.C.Burst into laughter.D.Make eye contact with others.2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.Benefits of baby-dreaming.B.Reasons for baby-dreaming.C.Whe
8、n babies start dreaming.D.How babies dream while sleeping.3.Which word has the closest meaning to the underlined word stimulation?A.Messages.B.Possibilities.C.Conclusions.D.Descriptions.B Regardless of how far wed like to believe gender (性别) equality in the workplace has come, theres still a big gap
9、 between male and female leaders in the professional world. Statistics show that women nowadays hold just 5.2 percent of CEO positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst. While its not a huge shock that there are only a small number of women in leadership positions, what is surprising thoug
10、h, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School. In their research, Professor Oyvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glaso surveyed almost 3,000 managers with a special focus on personali
11、ty types. The result was clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories. While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women this piece o
12、f research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as the ability to communicate clearly. There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and the ability to face
13、job-related pressure and stress. The result suggests that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.Obviously, its important to consider individual differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time
14、youre hiring someone for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes (个人简历) from female candidates a harder look.1.What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?A. Women are worse than men.B. Men take almost all high positions.C. There is a huge gap between genders.D. Women m
15、ight behave better in nearly every field.2.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word inherently in Paragraph 4?A. Properly.B. Potentially.C. Naturally.D. Normally.3.Who might have special interest in this text?A. Job hunters.B. Employers.C. Employees.D. Male researchers.4.Which of
16、the following may be the best title of this text?A. Why Women Make Better BossesB. How We Can Figure Out The BossC. How We Can Tell Gender DifferenceD. Why Women Are More Sensitive Than MenC Were you into skateboarding, surfing or snowboarding when you were a kid? We can remember our first (less tha
17、n successful) go at skateboarding, as well as the first time we managed to stand up on one of those surfboards. It was so much fun that we were hooked for life. However, not everyone thinks that introducing children to extreme sports is a good idea. In the article from The New York Times, writer Jon
18、 Lack-man considers whether sports like snowboarding, climbing and skateboarding could be dangerous to the growing bodies of young children and looks for advice from medical professionals. Kids arent mentally ready for these activities, says professor of orthopaedics (矫形外科), Dr. Vani Sabe-san. They
19、tend to underestimate the risks, and their parents cant always be trusted to keep them in check. Sabesan is particularly worried about the effects of extreme sports on TV and the Internet on children. What were seeing is a lot of kids think they can do what these professional athletes can do. As I w
20、as encouraged by my parents to go surfing at the age of five and then presented with a surfboard aged seven, I think these worries are a little overstated, if not misplaced. Extreme sports can be dangerous, yes, but theres as much chance of falling off your bike or your roller skates as off a skateb
21、oard or surfboard. My own experience of extreme sports leads me to think that Ill allow my own kids to try them in the same way my parents allowed me.In sports such as surfing and snowboarding, theres a sense of adventure and courage that is important to instill(慢慢灌输) in young children. Did I fall o
22、ff my surfboard? All the time. Did I get back on? Every time. Are the more extreme sports too dangerous for younger kids and better saved for teenagers? Are extreme sports a great experience for all children to have and a great way to make the most out of your childhood?1.What does the underlined wo
23、rd hooked in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Warned.B.Cheated.C.Attracted.D.Confused.2.Whats Jon Lackmans attitude towards kids taking part in extreme sports?A.Amazed.B.Doubtful.C.Admiring.D.Supportive.3.What did the authors parents expect him to do when he was very young?A.To have a spirit of adventure
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